User:TommiPirinen/English tagset

RFC for English tags

This is from apertium-fin-eng.eng.dix though I hope to get it to be like langs/apertium-eng some day...

English words are split in following poses:

• verbs (can be recognised by morphology: 3rd sg present, infinitive, past, ...)
• nouns (can usually be recognised by morphology: singular, plural, genitive)
• adjectives (can almost be recognised by morphology or syntax by comparatives and superlatives)
• adverbs (all sorts of stuff, most new ones end in -ly derivation, others you will know by the trail of blood)

The rest of the classes are kind of closed and no new words should be classified there really:

• determiners: are before NPs and stuff
• predeterminers: are before dets
• pronouns: are semantically bound to some other words
• prepositions: come before noun or after verb and stuff
• adadverbs: are before adverbs
• numerals: are number words from one to infinity
• conjunctions: are things that join clauses
• relatives: are things for relative clauses
• interjections: are particles used in spoken language mostly
• symbols: are not letters (cf. Unicode classes)

The tags should match to List of symbols, but are explained here. The tagging should be interoperable (usually reducible) with commonly known "gold" standards, penn treebanks and such.

Verbs (google pos: Verb)

Regular English verbs inflect in these forms: accept, accepts, accepted, accepting. Some irregular verbs have like five: forget, forgets, forgot, forgotten, forgetting. The verb to behas bunch of forms: 'be, am, are, is, was, were, been, being.

The tags we are using to classify English verbs are:

• vblex: for regular verbs, like accept
• vaux: auxiliary verbs; that have verb complement, like can
• vbser: verb be
• vbdo: verb do
• vbhaver: verb have

The morphs coming after (or lack of them) are classified with:

• inf: infinitive (as in: to do, to walk)
• pri: present indicative (as in: I do, he walks)
• prs: present subjunctive (as in: Let there be light ; At other times it is important that we be quiet.)
• past: common past (as in: I did, he _walked_)
• pis: imperfect subjunctive (as in: If I were you, ...)
• pp: past participle (as I've done, he has walked)
• imp: imperative (as in: be quiet!)
• pprs: present participle
• ger: gerund
• subs: substantive

and potentially

• +not.adv.neg: (as in can't, didn't)

In future likely:

• transitivity

Verb examples

The tag sequences are as follows:

Regular verbs:

walk:walk<vblex><inf>
walk:walk<vblex><pri>
walk:walk<vblex><prs>
walk:walk<vblex><imp>
walks:walk<vblex><pri><p3><sg>
walked:walk<vblex><pis>
walked:walk<vblex><past>
walked:walk<vblex><pp>
walking:walk<vblex><subs>
walking:walk<vblex><pprs>
walking:walk<vblex><ger>

Irregulars:

forget:forget<vblex><inf>
forget:forget<vblex><pri>
forgets:forget<vblex><pri><p3><sg>
forgot:forget<vblex><past>
forgotten:forget<vblex><pp>
forgetting:forget<vblex><ger>

Auxiliaries (closed class, all examples):

he'd:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+'d<vaux><pri>
he'll:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+'ll<vaux><pri>
I'd:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>+'d<vaux><pri>
I'll:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>+'ll<vaux><pri>
she'd:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>+'d<vaux><pri>
she'll:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>+'ll<vaux><pri>
they'd:they<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'d<vaux><pri>
they'll:they<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'ll<vaux><pri>
we'd:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'d<vaux><pri>
we'll:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'ll<vaux><pri>
you'd:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>+'ve<vaux><pri>
you'll:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>+'ll<vaux><pri>
can:can<vaux><pri>
can't:can<vaux><pri>+n't<adv><neg>
cannot:can<vaux><pri>+not<adv><neg>
could:could<vaux><pri>
couldn't:could<vaux><pri>+n't<adv><neg>
may:may<vaux><inf>
may:may<vaux><pri>
may:may<vaux><past>
might:might<vaux><inf>
might:might<vaux><pri>
might:might<vaux><past>
must:must<vaux><inf>
must:must<vaux><pri>
must:must<vaux><past>
ought:ought<vaux><inf>
ought:ought<vaux><pri>
ought:ought<vaux><past>
shall:shall<vaux><pri>
shan't:shall<vaux><pri>+n't<adv><neg>
should:should<vaux><pri>
shouldn't:should<vaux><pri>+n't<adv><neg>
will:will<vaux><pri>
would:will<vaux><past>
won't:will<vaux><pri>+n't<adv><neg>
wouldn't:will<vaux><past>+n't<adv><neg>
would:would<vaux><pri>
wouldn't:would<vaux><pri>+n't<adv><neg>

Verb be (all forms, except for contractions):

be:be<vbser><inf>
are:be<vbser><pri>
am:be<vbser><pri><p1><sg>
is:be<vbser><pri><p3><sg>
was:be<vbser><past><p1><sg>
was:be<vbser><past><p3><sg>
were:be<vbser><past>
been:be<vbser><pp>
being:be<vbser><ger>

Verb have (all forms, except for contractions):

have:have<vbhaver><inf>
have:have<vbhaver><pri>
has:have<vbhaver><pri><p3><sg>
had:have<vbhaver><past>
had:have<vbhaver><pp>
having:have<vbhaver><ger>

Verb do (all forms):

do:do<vbdo><inf>
do:do<vbdo><imp>
do:do<vbdo><pri>
does:do<vbdo><pri><p3><sg>
did:do<vbdo><past>
did:do<vbdo><pis>
doing:do<vbdo><subs>
doing:do<vbdo><pprs>
doing:do<vbdo><ger>
done:do<vbdo><pp>

Nouns (google pos: Noun)

Nouns have commonly two forms and possessives along them: beer, beers, beer's, beers'. Some don't: ?

The tags used to classify nouns are:

• n: regular noun, like beer
• np: proper noun, like Jack
• m: male
• f: female
• mf: both female and male
• nt: neuter female nor male
• top: place
• ant: human

And also:

• cnt: countable, like chair
• unc: uncountable, like cheese

the suffixes are:

• sg: singular as in beer
• pl: plural as in beers
• +'s.gen: genitive or possessive or somehting, as in beer's
• attr: for noun-noun modification: "the car<n><attr> industry is..."
  • Note: maybe this could be <cmp> ?

Noun examples

Regular nouns go like:

beer:beer<n><attr>
beer:beer<n><sg>
beers:beer<n><pl>
beer's:beer<n><sg>+'s<gen>
beers':beer<n><pl>+'s<gen>

Proper nouns:

Aaron:Aaron<np><ant><m><sg>
Aarons:Aaron<np><ant><m><pl>
Aarons':Aaron<np><ant><m><pl>+'s<gen>
Aaron's:Aaron<np><ant><m><sg>+'s<gen>
Amsterdam:Amsterdam<np><top><sg>
Amsterdams:Amsterdam<np><top><pl>
Amsterdam's:Amsterdam<np><top><sg>+'s<gen>
Amsterdams':Amsterdam<np><top><pl>+'s<gen>

Adjectives (google pos: Adj)

Adjectives mostly don't do anything, like expensive, but some have three forms, like: small, smaller, smallest. The tags used for classifying are:

• adj: for non-inflecting ones, like expensive
• sint: for those with three forms, like small
• pst: positive isn't tagged? (not pos, that's for possessives)
• ord: ordinals as adjectives?

the suffixes are marked with:

• comp. for comparative, like in smaller
• sup for superlative, like in smallest

Adjectives that don't normally take comparative should allow the use of comparative marked with a 'sub' marker, e.g. "expensiver", "expensivest".

Adjective examples

Like so:

small:small<adj><sint>
smaller:small<adj><sint><comp>
smallest:small<adj><sint><sup>
expensive:expensive<adj>
expensiver:>:expensive<adj><comp>
expensivest:>:expensive<adj><sup>

Adverbs (google pos: Adv)

Adverbs don't inflect. There are couple of tags to classify them:

• adv: for adverbs
• itg: for interrogatives

Adverb examples

abaxially:abaxially<adv>
ably:ably<adv>
abnormally:abnormally<adv>
abominably:abominably<adv>
abortively:abortively<adv>
abruptly:abruptly<adv>
absently:absently<adv>
absentmindedly:absentmindedly<adv>
absolutely:absolutely<adv>
abstemiously:abstemiously<adv>
...
aboard:aboard<adv>
drunk:drunk<adv>
no:no<adv><neg>
where:where<adv><itg>
when:when<adv><itg>
why:why<adv><itg>

Adadverbs (google pos: ?)

Ad-adverbs don't inflect. They are tagged:

• preadv: for preadverbs

Adadverb examples

as:as<preadv>
more:more<preadv>
most:most<preadv>
so:so<preadv>
very:very<preadv>

Pronouns (google pos: Pron)

Pronouns are categorised with:

• prn: for pronouns
• pers: for personal (I, you...)
• dem: for demonstrative (this, that...)
• ref: for reflexives (...self)

Some pronouns inflect like nouns, some have more cases like:

• acc: for object form (him)
• p1, p2, p3: for persons (I, you, he,...)

Pronoun examples

All of them (closed class)

all:all<prn><sg>
any:any<prn><sg>
anybody:anybody<prn><sg>
anyone:anyone<prn><sg>
anything:anything<prn><sg>
both:both<prn><tn><mf><pl>
both:both<prn><ind><mf><pl>
each:each<prn><sg>
everybody:everybody<prn><sg>
everyone:everyone<prn><sg>
everything:everything<prn><sg>
few:few<prn><tn><mf><pl>
few:few<prn><ind><mf><pl>
he:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>
his:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg><pos>
his:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg><gen>
him:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg><acc>
he's:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+'s<vbhaver><pri>
he'd:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+'s<vbhaver><past>
he'd:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+'d<vbhaver><pp>
he'd:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+'d<vaux><pri>
he's:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+'d<vbser><pri>
he'll:he<prn><pers><p3><m><sg>+'ll<vaux><pri>
herself:herself<prn><ref><p3><f><sg>
himself:himself<prn><ref><p3><m><sg>
hisself:himself<prn><ref><p3><m><sg>
I:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>
me:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg><acc>
my:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>s<gen>
mine:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg><pos>
I've:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>+'ve<vbhaver><pri>
I'd:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>+'d<vbhaver><past>
I'd:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>+'d<vbhaver><pp>
I'd:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>+'d<vaux><pri>
I'm:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>+'m<vbser><pri>
I'll:I<prn><pers><p1><mf><sg>+'ll<vaux><pri>
it:it<prn><dem><mf><sg>
its:it<prn><dem><mf><sg><pos>
itself:itself<prn><ref><p3><nt><sg>
many:many<prn><sg>
myself:myself<prn><ref><p1><mf><sg>
one:one<prn><sg>
oneself:oneself<prn><ref><p1><mf><sg>
oneself:oneself<prn><ref><p3><mf><sg>
one's self:oneself<prn><ref><p1><mf><sg>
one's self:oneself<prn><ref><p3><mf><sg>
ourself:ourselves<prn><ref><p1><mf><pl>
ourselves:ourselves<prn><ref><p1><mf><pl>
several:several<prn><sg>
she:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>
hers:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg><pos>
her:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg><gen>
her:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg><acc>
she's:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>+'s<vbhaver><pri>
she'd:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>+'d<vbhaver><past>
she'd:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>+'d<vbhaver><pp>
she'd:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>+'d<vaux><pri>
she's:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>+'s<vbser><pri>
she'll:she<prn><pers><p3><f><sg>+'ll<vaux><pri>
some:some<prn><sg>
something:something<prn><sg>
that:that<prn><tn><mf><sg>
those:that<prn><tn><mf><pl>
theirselves:themselves<prn><ref><p3><mf><pl>
themself:themself<prn><ref><p3><mf><sg>
themselves:themselves<prn><ref><p3><mf><sg>
themselves:themselves<prn><ref><p3><mf><pl>
that:that<prn><tn><mf><sg>
those:that<prn><tn><mf><pl>
they:they<prn><pers><p3><mf><pl>
their:they<prn><pers><p3><mf><pl><gen>
theirs:they<prn><pers><p3><mf><pl><pos>
them:they<prn><pers><p3><mf><pl><acc>
they've:they<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'ve<vbhaver><pri>
they'd:they<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'d<vbhaver><past>
they'd:they<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'d<vbhaver><pp>
they'd:they<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'d<vaux><pri>
they're:they<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'re<vbser><pri>
they'll:they<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'ll<vaux><pri>
they:they<prn><pers><p3><mf><sg>
their:they<prn><pers><p3><mf><sg><gen>
theirs:they<prn><pers><p3><mf><sg><pos>
them:they<prn><pers><p3><mf><sg><acc>
this:this<prn><tn><mf><sg>
this:this<prn><dem><mf><sg>
these:this<prn><tn><mf><pl>
thyself:thyself<prn><ref><p2><mf><sg>
we:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>
us:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl><acc>
our:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl><gen>
ours:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl><pos>
we've:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'ve<vbhaver><pri>
we'd:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'d<vbhaver><past>
we'd:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'d<vbhaver><pp>
we'd:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'d<vaux><pri>
we're:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'re<vbser><pri>
we'll:we<prn><pers><p1><mf><pl>+'ll<vaux><pri>
which:which<prn><itg><m><sp>
who:who<prn><itg><mf><sp>
whose:who<prn><pos>
whom:who<prn><itg><acc>
you:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>
yours:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp><pos>
your:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp><gen>
you:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp><acc>
you've:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>+'ve<vbhaver><pri>
you'd:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>+'ve<vbhaver><past>
you'd:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>+'ve<vbhaver><pp>
you'd:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>+'ve<vaux><pri>
you're:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>+'re<vbser><pri>
you'll:you<prn><pers><p2><mf><sp>+'ll<vaux><pri>
yourself:yourself<prn><ref><p2><mf><sg>

Relatives (Google pos: ?)

Relatives are those words (normally pronouns or adverbs) which can introduce a relative clause. E.g. a beer that I drank, a boy who cried wolf

Relative examples

that:that<rel><an><mf><sp>
which:which<rel><an><mf><sp>
what:what<rel><nn><mf><sg>
when:when<rel><adv>
where:where<rel><adv>
where:where<rel><adv>
who:who<rel><an><mf><sp>
whom:whom<rel><an><mf><sp>
whose:whose<rel><aa><mf><sg>
where:where<rel><adv>
when:when<rel><adv>
why:why<rel><adv>

Determiners (Det)

Determiners mostly don't inflect ('this' and 'that' inflect for number). They're classified with:

• det: determiners
• ind: indefinite
• def: definite
• dem: demonstrative
• itg: interrogative
• qnt: quantifier

Determiner examples

a:>:a<det><ind><sg>
an:>:a<det><ind><sg>
~a:<:a<det><ind><sg>
all:all<det><ind><sp>
any:any<det><ind><sp>
another:another<det><ind><sp>
both:both<det><qnt>
each:each<det><ind><sp>
her:her<det><pos><sp>
his:his<det><pos><sp>
its:its<det><pos><sp>
many:many<det><qnt>
more:more<det><qnt>
most:most<det><qnt>
my:my<det><pos><sp>
no:no<det><ind><neg>
other:other<det><ind><sp>
our:our<det><pos><sp>
several:several<det><dem>
some:some<det><dem>
that:that<det><dem><sg>
those:that<det><dem><pl>
their:their<det><pos><sp>
the:the<det><def><sp>
this:this<det><dem><sg>
these:this<det><dem><pl>
which:which<det><itg><sp>
your:your<det><pos><sp>
all:all<det>
only:only<det>
first:first<det><ord><sp>
second:second<det><ord><sp>
third:third<det><ord><sp>
fourth:fourth<det><ord><sp>
fifth:fifth<det><ord><sp>
sixth:sixth<det><ord><sp>
seventh:seventh<det><ord><sp>
eighth:eighth<det><ord><sp>
ninth:ninth<det><ord><sp>
tenth:tenth<det><ord><sp>
eleventh:eleventh<det><ord><sp>
twelfth:twelfth<det><ord><sp>
thirteenth:thirteenth<det><ord><sp>
fourteenth:fourteenth<det><ord><sp>
fifteenth:fifteenth<det><ord><sp>
sixteenth:sixteenth<det><ord><sp>
seventeenth:seventeenth<det><ord><sp>
eighteenth:eighteenth<det><ord><sp>
nineteenth:nineteenth<det><ord><sp>
twentieth:twentieth<det><ord><sp>
thirtieth:thirtieth<det><ord><sp>
fourtieth:fourtieth<det><ord><sp>
fiftieth:fiftieth<det><ord><sp>
sixtieth:sixtieth<det><ord><sp>
seventieth:seventieth<det><ord><sp>
eightieth:eightieth<det><ord><sp>
ninetieth:ninetieth<det><ord><sp>
hundreth:hundreth<det><ord><sp>
thousanth:thousanth<det><ord><sp>
millionth:millionth<det><ord><sp>
milliarth:milliarth<det><ord><sp>
billionth:billionth<det><ord><sp>
billiarth:billiarth<det><ord><sp>
trillionth:trillionth<det><ord><sp>
trilliarth:trilliarth<det><ord><sp>

Predeterminers

Predeterminers don't inflect. They are classified with:

• predet

Predeterminer examples

all:all<predet><sp>
# all the kings men
only:only<predet><sp>
# Only the strong survive

Prepositions (Adp)

Prepositions don't inflect. They are classified with:

• pr: preposition

Multiword prepositions should be checked for compositional (non-multiword possibilities), these should be encoded in the lexicon.

Preposition examples

above:above<pr>
according to:according to<pr>
across:across<pr>
after:after<pr>
against:against<pr>
along:along<pr>
alongside:alongside<pr>
along with:along with<pr> 
# (consider "But a European Parliament without a Sámi seat is an incomplete Parliament and I appeal to colleagues to eliminate this deficit along with all the others this report seeks to address." vs. "He walked along with a song in his heart.")
amid:amid<pr>
among:among<pr>
amongst:amongst<pr>
around:around<pr>
as:as<pr>
as of:as of<pr>
at:at<pr>
atop:atop<pr>
because of:because of<pr>
before:before<pr>
behind:behind<pr>
below:below<pr>
between:between<pr>
but:but<pr>
by:by<pr>
by means of:by means of<pr>
despite:despite<pr>
due to:due to<pr>
during:during<pr>
except for:except for<pr>
except:except<pr>
for:for<pr>
from:from<pr>
in contrast to:in contrast to<pr>
in front of:in front of<pr>
in:in<pr>
in order to:in order to<pr>
inside:inside<pr>
into:into<pr>
near:near<pr>
off:off<pr>
of:of<pr>
on:on<pr>
onto:onto<pr>
out:out<pr>
out of:out of<pr>
outside:outside<pr>
over:over<pr>
per:per<pr>
prior to:prior to<pr>
since:since<pr>
through:through<pr>
throughout:throughout<pr>
to:to<pr>
towards:towards<pr>
under:under<pr>
until:until<pr>
up:up<pr>
upon:upon<pr>
up to:up to<pr>
via:via<pr>
within:within<pr>
with:with<pr>
without:without<pr>

Numerals (Num)

Numerals have genitive possessive inflections. They are classified as:

• num: numerals (one, two)
• ord: ordinals (first, ...)

Numeral examples

one:one<num><sg>
one's:one<num><sg><gen>
two:two<num><pl>
two's:two<num><pl><gen>
three:three<num><pl>
three's:three<num><pl><gen>
first:first<num><pl>
first's:first<num><pl><gen>
second:second<num><pl>
second's:second<num><pl><gen>
third:third<num><pl>
third's:third<num><pl><gen>

Conjunctions (Conj)

Conjunctions don't inflect. They are classified as:

• cnjcoo: coordinating (and, or)
• cnjsub: subordinating (that)
• cnjadv: adverbial (after)

Conjunction examples

albeit:albeit<cnjadv>
albeit:albeit<cnjsub>
although:although<cnjadv>
and:and<cnjcoo>
an if:an if<cnjadv>
because:because<cnjadv>
because:because<cnjsub>
both:both<cnjcoo>
but:but<cnjcoo>
either:either<cnjadv>
however:however<cnjadv>
if:if<cnjadv>
if:if<cnjsub>
lest:lest<cnjadv>
neither:neither<cnjcoo>
nor:nor<cnjcoo>
or:or<cnjcoo>
since:since<cnjadv>
than:than<cnjadv>
than:than<cnjsub>
that:that<cnjsub>
then:then<cnjadv>
though:though<cnjadv>
til:til<cnjadv>
till:till<cnjadv>
unless:unless<cnjadv>
until:until<cnjadv>
unto:unto<cnjadv>
what:what<cnjsub>
whenas:whenas<cnjadv>
whence:whence<cnjadv>
when:when<cnjadv>
wherealong:wherealong<cnjadv>
whereas:whereas<cnjadv>
whereat:whereat<cnjadv>
wherefore:wherefore<cnjadv>
whereinbefore:whereinbefore<cnjadv>
wherein:wherein<cnjadv>
whereof:whereof<cnjadv>
whereout:whereout<cnjadv>
whereover:whereover<cnjadv>
wheresoever:wheresoever<cnjadv>
whether:whether<cnjadv>
which:which<cnjsub>
while:while<cnjadv>
whilst:whilst<cnjadv>

Interjections (Prt)

Interjections don't inflect. They're classified as:

• ij: interjections

Most arbitrary letter combinations that appear in text, prose, or chat messages could be interjections. We're limiting the selection to widely attested ones that may actually be sensibly translated, esp. greetings, curses or such minimal responses.

Interjection examples

argh:argh<ij>
fuck:fuck<ij>
hello:hello<ij>
hey:hey<ij>
aah:aah<ij>
aargh:aargh<ij>
agh:agh<ij>
ah:ah<ij>
aha:aha<ij>
ahem:ahem<ij>
ahh:ahh<ij>
aw:aw<ij>
aww:aww<ij>
aye:aye<ij>
bah:bah<ij>
boo:boo<ij>
brr:brr<ij>
bye:bye<ij>
crap:crap<ij>
crud:crud<ij>
damn:damn<ij>
darn:darn<ij>
d'oh:d'oh<ij>
doh:doh<ij>
eh:eh<ij>
goddamn:goddamn<ij>
grr:grr<ij>
ha:ha<ij>
hah:hah<ij>
haha:haha<ij>
heh:heh<ij>
hehe:hehe<ij>
hi:hi<ij>
hm:hm<ij>
hmm:hmm<ij>
hmph:hmph<ij>
hrm:hrm<ij>
huh:huh<ij>
like:like<ij>
lol:lol<ij>
omg:omg<ij>
ok:ok<ij>
ooh:ooh<ij>
oops:oops<ij>
ouch:ouch<ij>
oww:oww<ij>
phew:phew<ij>
shh:shh<ij>
shit:shit<ij>
sorry:sorry<ij>
thanks:thanks<ij>
ugh:ugh<ij>
uh:uh<ij>
uh-huh:uh-huh<ij>
umm:umm<ij>
welcome:welcome<ij>
well:well<ij>
what:what<ij>
whew:whew<ij>
whoa:whoa<ij>
woohoo:woohoo<ij>
yay:yay<ij>

Punctuations (Google pos: .)

These are more or less same everywhere apart from directionality and some orthographic variation.

':'<apos>
,:,<cm>
-:-<guio>
--:–<guio>
–:-<guio>
—:—<guio>
(:(<lpar>
[:[<lpar>
":"<lquot>
“:“<lquot>
«:«<lquot>
»:«<lquot>
):)<rpar>
]:]<rpar>
":"<rquot>
”:”<rquot>
»:»<rquot>
(:(<lpar>
):)<rpar>
_:_<sent>
:::<sent>
;:;<sent>
!:!<sent>
?:?<sent>
.:.<sent>
#:#<sent>
%:%<sent>