Celtic languages

En français

The Celtic languages (cel) include Welsh (cy), Breton (br), Cornish (kw), Irish (ga), Manx (gv), and Scottish Gaelic (gd). Most commonly spoken on the north-western edge of Europe, the languages are related with varying levels of mutual intelligibility.

The master plan involves generating independent finite-state transducers for each language, and then making individual dictionaries and transfer rules for every pair. The current status of these goals is listed below.

Status

The ultimate goal is to have multi-purposable transducers for a variety of Celtic languages. These can then be paired for X→Y translation with the addition of a CG for language X and transfer rules / dictionary for the pair X→Y. Below is listed development progress for each language's transducers and dictionary pairs.

Transducers

Once a transducer has ~80% coverage on a range of medium-large corpora we can say it is "working". Over 90% and it can be considered to be "production".

name	language	native name	grouping	ISO 639		formalism	state	stems	paradigms	coverage	location	primary authors
				-2	-3
apertium-cym	Welsh	Cymraeg	Brythonic	cy	cym	lttoolbox	production	11,015	702	~91.2%	apertium-cy-en (trunk)	Fran, Jim, donnek
apertium-bre	Breton	Brezhoneg	Brythonic	br	bre	lttoolbox	working	18,353	463	~88.6%	apertium-br-fr (trunk)	Fran, fulupjakez, guillaumebzh, drevalan
apertium-gle	Irish	Gaeilge	Goidelic	ga	gle	lttoolbox	development	8,768	1,155		apertium-ga-gd (nursery), apertium-gle (incubator)	Fran, Jim, fulupjakez, skburke
apertium-glv	Manx	Gaelg	Goidelic	gv	glv	lttoolbox	development	11,353	312		apertium-ga-gv (incubator)	Fran, Jim, cos, skburke
apertium-gla	Scottish Gaelic	Gàidhlig	Goidelic	gd	gla	lttoolbox	prototype	117	77		apertium-gla (languages)	Fran, Jim, fulupjakez, jg18, skburke
apertium-cor	Cornish	Kernewek	Brythonic	kw	cor	lttoolbox	prototype	322	132		apertium-cy-kw (incubator)	Fran, Jim

Existing language pairs

Text in italic denotes language pairs under development / in the incubator. Regular text denotes a functioning language pair in staging, while text in bold denotes a stable well-working language pair in trunk.

	cym	bre	cor	gle	gla	glv
cym	-	br-cy 1,181		cy-ga ?
bre	br-cy 1,181	-
cor			-
gle	cy-ga ?			-	ga-gd 7,877	ga-gv 22,897
gla				ga-gd 7,877	-
glv				ga-gv 22,897		-
eng	cy-en 11,608			gle-eng 1,598	en-gd 862	en-gv 40
epo		eo-br 3,722
fin				fin-gle 181
fra		br-fr 27,988
pol				pl-ga 56
spa	cy-es 8,798	br-es 11,760

Samples

Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Language	Text
Irish	Saolaítear na daoine uile saor agus comhionann ina ndínit agus ina gcearta. Tá bua an réasúin agus an choinsiasa acu agus dlíd iad féin d'iompar de mheon bráithreachas i leith a chéile.
Manx	Ta dagh ooilley pheiagh ruggit seyr as corrym ayns ard-cheim as kiartyn. Ren Jee feoiltaghey resoon as cooinsheanse orroo as by chair daue ymmyrkey ry cheilley myr braaraghyn.
Scottish Gaelic	Tha gach uile dhuine air a bhreth saor agus co-ionnan ann an urram 's ann an còirichean. Tha iad air am breth le reusan is le cogais agus mar sin bu chòir dhaibh a bhith beò nam measg fhein ann an spiorad bràthaireil.
Breton	Dieub ha par en o dellezegezh hag o gwirioù eo ganet an holl dud. Poell ha skiant zo dezho ha dleout a reont bevañ an eil gant egile en ur spered a genvreudeuriezh.
Cornish	Pub den oll yw genys frank ha kehaval yn dynita ha gwiryow. Yth yns i enduys gans reson ha cowses hag y tal dhedhans gwul dhe udn orth y gila yn spyrys a vredereth.
Welsh	Genir pawb yn rhydd ac yn gydradd â'i gilydd mewn urddas a hawliau. Fe'u cynysgaeddir â rheswm a chydwybod, a dylai pawb ymddwyn y naill at y llall mewn ysbryd cymodlon.

This article uses material from the Wikipedia article "Celtic languages", which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Vulnerability

This table summarizes the vulnerability of various Celtic languages. Data is derived from the ‘Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, © UNESCO, http://www.unesco.org/culture/languages-atlas’ and Ethnologue.

Language	ISO639-3	Location	Speakers	Status
				Ethnologue	UNESCO
Cornish	cor	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	0	9 (Dormant)	4 (Critically endangered)
Manx	glv	Isle of Man & United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	0	8b (Nearly extinct)	4 (Critically endangered)
Breton	bre	France	225,000	8a (Moribund)	3 (Severely endangered)
Irish	gle	Ireland, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	106,210	6b (Threatened)	2 (Definitely endangered)
Gaelic, Scottish	gla	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	63,130	4 (Educational)	2 (Definitely endangered)
Welsh	cym	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	536,890	2 (Provincial)	1 (Vulnerable)

See also

• Scottish Gaelic and Irish