Morphology of Khalkha

Noun classes

Normal

• Nom: —
• Acc: {I}{й}г
• Gen: {г}{I}{й}н
• Abl: {г}{A}{A}с
• Dat: {а}д (with exceptional forms in т)
• Pl: {н}{U}{U}д (with exceptional forms)

Added-n forms

• Nom: —
• Acc: {I}{й}г
• Gen: н{I}{й}
• Abl: н{A}{A}с
• Dat: {а}нд
• Pl: н{U}{U}д (with exceptional forms)

Archiphonemes and rules

• definitions

Vow = и ү э ө а о у ы ;
NonVow = Alphabet - Vow ;
PalCons = г ж ш ;

• {I} stuff

%{I%}:ы %{й%}:0 ;
%{I%}:и <=> :FrontVow [ :NonVow/:0 ]* _ ;
                          :PalCons/:0 _ ;
%{I%}:0 <=>   :й/:0 _ ; ! нохойг, далайг
            :Vow/:0 _ ; ! хүүг, дүүг
н:0 <=> :й/:0 _ %{I%}: ;
%{й%}:й <=> %{I%}:и _ ;

• {г} stuff

%{г%}:0
%{г%}:г <=> [ [ :Vow :Vow ] | %{ң%}: ]/:0 _ ;        ! дүүгийн, (нохойн)
                                    :й/:0 _ %{А%}: ; ! дүүгээс, нохойгоос

• {А} stuff

%{А%}:а
%{А%}:Vy <=> :Vx [ :NonVow/:0 ]* _ ;
             where Vx in [ ү э ө о ]
                   Vy in [ э э ө о ]
             matched ;
%{А%}:э <=> .#. [ :NonVow/:0 ]* :и [ :NonVow/:0 ]* _ ;

• {н} stuff

• {а} stuff

%{а%}:0
%{а%}:Vy <=> :Vx [ :NonVow/:0 ]* [ :т | :д | :с ]/:0 _ ;
             where Vx in [ ү э ө а о у ]
                   Vy in [ э э ө а о а ]
             matched ;
%{а%}:э <=> .#. [ :NonVow/:0 ]* :и [ :NonVow/:0 ]* [ :т | :д | :с ]/:0 _ ;

• {U} stuff