Difference between revisions of "Morphology of Chuvash"

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== Morphophonology ==
  
== Morphophonology ==
   
−
=== Nouns ending in ‹о› ===
 +
=== "Russian" nouns ending in ‹о› ===
   
 
{|class="wikitable"
  
{|class="wikitable"
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| [[Кино|кинон]]
 
| [[Кино|кинон]]
 
|}
  
|}
  +
  +
=== "Russian" nouns ending in ‹у› ===
  +
  +
{|class="wikitable"
  +
|-
  +
!rowspan=2| noun
  +
!colspan=2| phonetic properties
  +
!colspan=2| declined forms
  +
|-
  +
!stressed ending vowel?
  +
!decl?
  +
!px3 form
  +
!gen form
  +
|-
  +
! кенгуру
  +
| Y
  +
| N
  +
| [[Кенгуру|кенгурӑвӗ ]]
  +
| [[Кенгуру|кенгурун]]
  +
|-
  +
! Турку
  +
| N
  +
| N
  +
| [[Турку|Турки]]
  +
| [[Турку|Туркӑн]]
  +
|}
  +
It must be said that:
  +
* These forms are very seldom used.
  +
* There are different opinions about кенгуру. We finally got the one of the Chuvash orthographic dictionary, which is becoming our main reference.
  +
* There is not any discussion about the unstressed у form. We used the form for such "Russian" words with unstressed back vowels as министерство, барокко (вето, гетто, евро, эсперанто...) and литература, whose endings differ only in the "dictionary" form.
   
 
=== Archiphonemes ===
  
=== Archiphonemes ===

Revision as of 07:03, 22 September 2012

This page is for analyses and organisation of materials on Chuvash. See also Morphology of Chuvash/Questions for standing questions that need attention.

Morphophonology

"Russian" nouns ending in ‹о›

noun phonetic properties declined forms
ru pronunciation [ɔ]? σ́] decl? px3 form о→ов? gen form
пальто [palʲˈtɔ] Y Y N пальти, пальтовӗ N (not it he standard language but used) пальтон
звено Y ? Y звени N звенон
министерство N Y министерстви N министерствӑн
барокко N N барокки N бароккӑн
радио [ˈradʲiɔ] Y N N радиовӗ Y радион
кино [kʲiˈnɔ] Y Y N киновӗ Y кинон

"Russian" nouns ending in ‹у›

noun phonetic properties declined forms
stressed ending vowel? decl? px3 form gen form
кенгуру Y N кенгурӑвӗ кенгурун
Турку N N Турки Туркӑн

It must be said that:

  • These forms are very seldom used.
  • There are different opinions about кенгуру. We finally got the one of the Chuvash orthographic dictionary, which is becoming our main reference.
  • There is not any discussion about the unstressed у form. We used the form for such "Russian" words with unstressed back vowels as министерство, барокко (вето, гетто, евро, эсперанто...) and литература, whose endings differ only in the "dictionary" form.

Archiphonemes

{ӗ}

realisation  environment        examples
-----------  -----------        --------
ӗ            after consonants   вӑкӑр>{ӗ}{н}:вӑкӑрӗ
0            before dative      вӑкӑр>{ӗ}{н}>{н}{А}:вӑкӑрна
и            ~after vowels      кӳл{ː}ӗ>{ӗ}{н}:кӳлли
                                кӗнеке>{ӗ}{н}:кӗнеки
                                каҫма>{ӗ}{н}:каҫми
             after {ː}          йӗп{ː}>{ӗ}{н}:йӗппи
             ~after CCо         пальто>{ӗ}{н}:пальти


triggers front vowel harmony even when 0
   склад>{ӗ}{н}>{Т}{А}н:склачӗнчен
   ҫын{ː}>{ӗ}{н}>{н}{А}:ҫыннине
   вӑкӑр>{ӗ}{н}>{н}{А}:вӑкӑрне
triggers т|д → ч _ when present
   ҫурт>{ӗ}{н}:ҫурчӗ
   склад>{ӗ}:склачӗ
triggers у|ӳ|о → ӑв|ӗв|ов _ even when 0, only after single consonant
   ту>{ӗ}{н}:тӑвӗ
   ту>{ӗ}{н}>{н}{А}:тӑвна
   пӳ>{ӗ}{н}>{н}{А}:пӗвне
   кино>{ӗ}{н}:киновӗ
triggers gemination _ in geminate roots
   пул{ː}ӑ>{ӗ}{н}:пулли
   йӗп{ː}>{ӗ}{н}:йӗппи
triggers ь:и _
   кӗсье>{ӗ}{н}:кӗсйи
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