Difference between revisions of "English and Esperanto"

From Apertium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 14: Line 14:
http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/download.sourceforge.net/pub/sourceforge/d/dm/dmdictionary/EngEsp.txt
http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/download.sourceforge.net/pub/sourceforge/d/dm/dmdictionary/EngEsp.txt


==Transfer rules English->Esperanto==

===Single word rules English->Esperanto===

{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-collapse: collapse; white-space: nowrap; text-align: left" class="sortable"
|-
! en pattern !! eo pattern !! en !! eo !! status

|-
| adj || adj.sg.nom || aggressive || agresema || OK ||
|-
| adj.pos || adj.sg.nom || his || lia || OK ||
|-
| adj.sint || adj.sg.nom || big || granda || OK ||
|-
| adj.sint.comp || pli<preadv> + adj.sg.nom || bigger || pli granda || OK ||
|-
| adj.sint.sup || plej<preadv> + granda.adj.sg.nom || biggest || plej granda || OK ||
|-
| det.def.pl || det.def.pl.nom || the || la || OK ||
|-
| det.def.sg || det.def.sg.nom || the || la || OK ||
|-
| det.def.sp || det.def.sp.nom || the || la || OK ||
|-
| det.dem.pl || det.dem.pl.nom || these || ĉi tiuj || OK ||
|-
| det.dem.sg || det.dem.sg.nom || this || ĉi tiu || OK ||
|-
| det.ind.pl || det.ind.pl.nom || both || ambaŭj || OK ||
|-
| det.ind.sg || det.ind.sg.nom || another || alia || OK ||
|-
| det.ind.sp || det.ind.sp.nom || any || ajna || OK ||
|-
| det.qnt.pl || det.qnt.pl.nom || few || malmultaj || OK ||
|-
| det.qnt.sg || det.qnt.sg.nom || less || la malpli da || OK ||
|-
| det.qnt.sp || det.qnt.sp.nom || enough || sufiĉe da || OK ||
|-
| n.acr.sg || n.sg.nom || TV || televido || OK. But use another example ||
|-
| np.al.sg || np.al.sg.nom || GCompris || GCompris || OK ||
|-
| np.ant.f.sg || np.ant.f.sg.nom || April || April || OK ||
|-
| np.ant.m.sg || np.ant.m.sg.nom || Robert || Robert || OK ||
|-
| np.cog.sg || np.cog.sg.nom || Stevenson || Stevenson || OK ||
|-
| np.cog.pl || np.cog.pl.nom || Stevensons || Stevenson(oj?) || ? ||
|-
| n.sg || n.sg.nom || hundred || cento || OK ||
|-
| n.pl || n.pl.nom || hundreds || centoj || OK ||
|-
| np.top.sg || np.top.sg.nom || Afghanistan || Afganio || OK ||
|-
| predet.sp || sp || all (cars) || ĉiu || OK - all cars ||
|-
| prn.itg.sp || prn.itg.sg.nom || what || kio || OK ||
|-
| prn.tn.pl || prn.tn.pl.nom || both || ambaŭ || OK ||
|-
| prn.tn.sg || prn.tn.sg.nom || another || alia || OK ||
|-
| prn.tn.sp || prn.tn.sg.nom || all || ĉiu || OK ||
|-
| vaux.pres || vaux.pres || can || povas || OK ||
|-
| vbdo.past || vblex.past || did || faris || OK ||
|-
| vbdo.pres || vblex.pres || do || faras || OK ||
|-
| vbdo.pres.p3.sg || vblex.pres || does || faras || OK ||
|-
| vbhaver.ger || vblex.ger || having || havanta || OK ||
|-
| vbhaver.inf || vblex.inf || have || havi || OK ||
|-
| vbhaver.past || vblex.past || had || havis || OK ||
|-
| vbhaver.pres || vblex.pres || have || havas || OK ||
|-
| vbhaver.pres.p3.sg || vblex.pres || has || havas || OK ||
|-
| vblex.pres.p3.sg || vblex.pres || advertises || anoncas || OK ||
|-
| vbser.past.p1.sg || vbser.past || was || estis || OK ||
|-
| vbser.past.p3.sg || vbser.past || was || estis || OK ||
|-
| vbser.pres.p1.sg || vbser.pres || am || estas || OK ||
|-
| vbser.pres.p3.sg || vbser.pres || is || estas || OK ||

|}

===Multi word rules===

{| border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; background: #f9f9f9; border: 1px solid #aaaaaa; border-collapse: collapse; white-space: nowrap; text-align: left" class="sortable"
|-
! en pattern !! eo pattern !! en !! eo !! status

|-
|}




Revision as of 10:10, 3 February 2009

Esperantistoj, b.v. vidu Peto al esperantistoj.


Intros to Esperanto

Perhaps http://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Rules_of_Esperanto_grammar (or http://donh.best.vwh.net/Esperanto/rules.html) is a good overview.

And the affixes: http://esperanto.davidgsimpson.com/eo-affixes.html (short) http://steve-and-pattie.com/esperantujo/grparafx.html (longer)

Tenses are exlained in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esperanto_grammar#Verbs

Wordlists

http://freepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~wakefield/translations/engesp.html

http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/download.sourceforge.net/pub/sourceforge/d/dm/dmdictionary/EngEsp.txt


Trivial (standalone lemma types which is not changed during transfer)

en pattern eo pattern en eo status
adv adv after poste OK
adv.itg adv.itg how kiel OK
cnjadv cnjadv after post kiam OK
cnjcoo cnjcoo and kaj OK
cnjsub cnjsub that ke OK
ij ij goodbye adiaŭ OK
num.sg num.sg one unu OK
num.sp num.sp hundred cent OK
pr pr after post OK
preadv preadv any tre OK
prn.obj.p1.mf.pl prn.obj.p1.mf.pl us nin OK
prn.obj.p1.mf.sg prn.obj.p1.mf.sg me min OK
prn.obj.p2.mf.sp prn.obj.p2.mf.sp you vin OK
prn.obj.p3.f.sg prn.obj.p3.f.sg her ŝin OK
prn.obj.p3.mf.pl prn.obj.p3.mf.pl them ilin OK
prn.obj.p3.m.sg prn.obj.p3.m.sg him lin OK
prn.obj.p3.nt.sg prn.obj.p3.nt.sg it ĝin OK
prn.ref.p1.mf.pl prn.ref.p1.mf.pl ourselves nin needs <acc>
prn.ref.p1.mf.sg prn.ref.p1.mf.sg myself #mi needs <acc>
prn.ref.p2.mf.pl prn.ref.p2.mf.pl yourselves #vi needs <acc>
prn.ref.p2.mf.sg prn.ref.p2.mf.sg yourself #vi needs <acc>
prn.ref.p3.f.sg prn.ref.p3.f.sg herself #si needs <acc>
prn.ref.p3.mf.pl prn.ref.p3.mf.pl themselves #si needs <acc>
prn.ref.p3.m.sg prn.ref.p3.m.sg himself #si needs <acc>
prn.ref.p3.nt.sg prn.ref.p3.nt.sg itself #si needs <acc>
prn.subj.p1.mf.pl prn.subj.p1.mf.pl we ni OK
prn.subj.p1.mf.sg prn.subj.p1.mf.sg I mi OK
prn.subj.p2.mf.sp prn.subj.p2.mf.sp you vi OK
prn.subj.p3.f.sg prn.subj.p3.f.sg she ŝi OK
prn.subj.p3.mf.pl prn.subj.p3.mf.pl they ili OK
prn.subj.p3.m.sg prn.subj.p3.m.sg he li OK
prn.subj.p3.nt.sg prn.subj.p3.nt.sg it ĝi OK
rel.adv rel.adv where kie OK
rel.an.mf.sp rel.an.mf.sp which #\<rel\> OK
vaux.inf vaux.inf will #\<vaux\> OK
vaux.past vaux.past could povis OK
vblex.ger vblex.ger advertising anoncanta OK
vblex.imp vblex.imp affect afekciu OK
vblex.inf vblex.inf advertise anonci OK
vblex.past vblex.past advertised anoncis OK
vblex.pp vblex.pp advertised anoncita OK
vblex.pres vblex.pres advertise anoncas OK
vbser.ger vbser.ger being estanta OK
vbser.inf vbser.inf be esti OK
vbser.past vbser.past were estis OK
vbser.pp vbser.pp been estita OK
vbser.pres vbser.pres are estas OK

A note about accusative

The next kind of thing we should think about is the type of sentence part that goes like this:

'the man you saw' 'the man the girl saw'

I don't know if we have to change word order here - probably not - but the nominative and accusative are SNs 2 and 1 respectively.

But think about this:

'the man my brother became'

Adding accusative here is wrong, so what can we do about it? Not much. Maybe in this specific instance, sure, but generally, we can only take the common cases and hope for the best. There's been plenty of work into statistical parsing, subject identification, etc., but it's still not much better than picking the common cases, and hoping for the best.

This is why we always tell people to have their translations checked by a native speaker :)

Jacob TODO

<jacobn> Ok, Ill try the web doc translator more, find the systematics, report a bug and attach files etc.

See also

Retrieved from "https://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=English_and_Esperanto&oldid=9660"