Difference between revisions of "German"

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German ([[Wikipedia:German Language]]) is a West Germanic language.
German ([[Wikipedia:German Language]]) is a West Germanic language.
In [[Apertium]], there is a stand-alone German language module (in '''[http://svn.code.sf.net/p/apertium/svn/languages/apertium-deu/ languages/apertium-deu]'''), and the following are the language pairs involving German (see [[list of language pairs]]):
In [[Apertium]], there is a stand-alone German language module (in '''[http://svn.code.sf.net/p/apertium/svn/languages/apertium-deu/ languages/apertium-deu]'''), and the following are the language pairs involving German (see [[list of language pairs]]):
⚫
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-deu-ltz German-Luxembourgish (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-deu-nld German-Dutch (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-deu-nld German-Dutch (incubator) ]
⚫
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-deu-dan German-Danish (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-deu-swe German-Swedish (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-deu-swe German-Swedish (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-eng-deu English-German (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-deu-ltz German-Luxembourgish (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-eng-deu English-German (nursery) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-eo-de Esperanto-German (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-fin-deu Finnish-German (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-fin-deu Finnish-German (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-sme-deu Northern Sami-German (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-sme-deu Northern Sami-German (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-spa-deu Spanish-German (incubator) ]
* [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium-spa-deu Spanish-German (incubator) ]


==Subpages==


* [[/Noun Capitalisation]]


== Resources==
== Resources==
===Grammar===
===Grammar===
* [http://www.grammatikdeutsch.de/ German grammar for the German lessons of due Verlags Online-Unterrichtsmaterial ]
* [http://www.grammatikdeutsch.de/ German grammar for the German lessons of due Verlags Online-Unterrichtsmaterial in German ]
* [https://deutsch.lingolia.com/de/grammatik Deutsche Grammatik (lingolia)]
* [https://deutsch.lingolia.com/de/grammatik German grammar in German(lingolia)]
* [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Grammatik Deutsche Grammatik (Wikipedia)]
* [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Grammatik German grammar in German(Wikipedia)]
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~deutsch/Grammatik/Grammatik.html German Grammar (dartmouth)]
* [http://www.canoo.net/services/OnlineGrammar/Wort/Ueberblick/index.html?MenuId=Word00 German morphology in German (canoonet)]
* [https://deutsch.lingolia.com/en/grammar German Grammar (lingolia)]
* [http://www.dartmouth.edu/~deutsch/Grammatik/Grammatik.html A Review of German Grammar by Bruce Duncan]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_grammar German Grammar (Wikipedia)]
* [https://deutsch.lingolia.com/en/grammar German grammar in English (lingolia)]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_grammar German grammar in English (Wikipedia)]
* [http://www.canoo.net/services/OnlineGrammar/Wort/Ueberblick/index.html?MenuId=Word00&lang=en German morphology in English (canoonet)]
* [http://www.canoo.net/services/OnlineGrammar/Satz/Ueberblick/index.html?lang=en German syntax in English (canoonet)]
* Deutsche Grammatik - einfach, kompakt und übersichtlich Engelsdorfer Verlag; Auflage: 1 (3. September 2010) ISBN-10 3862680126
* Deutsche Grammatik - einfach, kompakt und übersichtlich Engelsdorfer Verlag; Auflage: 1 (3. September 2010) ISBN-10 3862680126
* PONS Deutsche Grammatik und Rechtschreibung: Alle wichtigen Regeln - einfach und verständlich Verlag: PONS GmbH; Auflage: 3. Auflage (5. August 2013) ISBN-10: 3125617790
* PONS Deutsche Grammatik und Rechtschreibung: Alle wichtigen Regeln - einfach und verständlich Verlag: PONS GmbH; Auflage: 3. Auflage (5. August 2013) ISBN-10: 3125617790
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===Corpora===
===Corpora===


* [https://korpora.zim.uni-duisburg-essen.de/Limas/ Corpora from Limas]
* [https://korpora.zim.uni-duisburg-essen.de/Limas/ Corpora from Limas z.Hd. Prof. Dr. Bernhard Schröder Universität Duisburg-Essen, R12 V03 D08 Universitätsstraße 12 D-45127 Essen Deutschland]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Reference_Corpus German Reference Corpus (Wikipedia)]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_Reference_Corpus German Reference Corpus (Wikipedia)]
* [http://opus.lingfil.uu.se/ Opus the open parallel corpus]
* [http://opus.lingfil.uu.se/ Opus the open parallel corpus]
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;Monolingual
;Monolingual


* [http://dwds.de/ Das Digitale Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache des 20. Jh.]
* [http://dwds.de/ Das Digitale Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache des 20. Jh. of Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften]
* [http://www.duden.de/ Monolingual Dictonary]
* [http://www.duden.de/ Monolingual Dictonary of Bibliographisches Institut GmbH Mecklenburgische Straße 53 14197 Berlin]
* Langenscheidt Taschenwörterbuch Deutsch als Fremdsprache: einsprachig Deutsch (Einsprachige Wörterbücher) Verlag: Langenscheidt (6. Oktober 2009) ISBN-10: 3468490445
* Langenscheidt Taschenwörterbuch Deutsch als Fremdsprache: einsprachig Deutsch (Einsprachige Wörterbücher) Verlag: Langenscheidt (6. Oktober 2009) ISBN-10: 3468490445
* Bildwörterbuch Deutsch: Die 1.000 wichtigsten Wörter in Bildern erklärt Verlag: Hueber, Verlag GmbH & Co. KG; Auflage: 1 (13. August 2010) ISBN-10: 3190079218
* Bildwörterbuch Deutsch: Die 1.000 wichtigsten Wörter in Bildern erklärt Verlag: Hueber, Verlag GmbH & Co. KG; Auflage: 1 (13. August 2010) ISBN-10: 3190079218
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;Multilingual
;Multilingual


* [http://www.dict.cc/ German-other language (dict)]
* [http://www.dict.cc/ German-other language (dict) from Paul Hemetsberger dict.cc GmbH Erdbergstr. 10/55 1030 Wien]
* [http://dict.tu-chemnitz.de/ German-other language (tu-chemnitz)]
* [http://dict.tu-chemnitz.de/ German-other language from Technische Universität Chemnitz]
* [https://dict.leo.org/ende/index_en.html German-other language (leo)]
* [https://dict.leo.org/ende/index_en.html German-other language from LEO GmbH Mühlweg 2b 82054 Sauerlach Germany]
* [http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-german German-English dictionary (collins)]
* [http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english-german German-English dictionary from CollinsDictionary.com HarperCollins Publishers The News Building 1 London Bridge Street London SE1 9GF]
* [http://www.linguee.com/english-german German-English dictionary (linguee)]
* [http://www.linguee.com/english-german German-English dictionary from Linguee GmbH Theodor-Heuss-Ring 36 50668 Köln Germany]
* [http://imtranslator.net/translation/german/to-afrikaans/translation/ German-Afrikaans dictionary]
* [http://imtranslator.net/translation/german/to-afrikaans/translation/ German-Afrikaans dictionary(ImTranslator)]
* [https://glosbe.com/de/lb/ German-Luxembourgish dictionary (glosbe)]
* [https://glosbe.com/de/lb/ German-Luxembourgish dictionary (glosbe)]
* [http://dict.luxdico.com/deu/ German-Luxembourgish (luxdico)]
* [http://dict.luxdico.com/deu/ German-Luxembourgish (luxdico) from Welschbillig Myriam, Schanen François and Lulling Jérôme]
* [http://en.pons.com/translate/dutch-german German-Dutch (Pons)]
* [http://en.pons.com/translate/dutch-german German-Dutch from PONS GmbH]
* [http://en.langenscheidt.com/german-dutch/ German-Dutch dictionary (Langenscheidt)]
* [http://en.langenscheidt.com/german-dutch/ German-Dutch dictionary from Langenscheidt GmbH & Co. KG Mies-van-der-Rohe-Straße 5 D-80807 München]
* Langenscheidt Universal-Wörterbuch Englisch: Englisch-Deutsch/Deutsch-Englisch (Langenscheidt Universal-Wörterbücher) Verlag: Langenscheidt (4. Februar 2014) ISBN-10: 3468181329
* Langenscheidt Universal-Wörterbuch Englisch: Englisch-Deutsch/Deutsch-Englisch (Langenscheidt Universal-Wörterbücher) Verlag: Langenscheidt (4. Februar 2014) ISBN-10: 3468181329


===Learning German===
===Learning German===


* [http://www.deutsch-lernen.com/ Learn German in English]
* [http://www.deutsch-lernen.com/ Learn German in English from c/o ActiLingua Wattmanngasse 15 A-1130 Wien AUSTRIA ]
* [http://www.deutsch-lernen.com/d_index.php Learn German in German]
* [http://www.deutsch-lernen.com/d_index.php Learn German in German from c/o ActiLingua Wattmanngasse 15 A-1130 Wien AUSTRIA ]
* [https://www.goethe.de/de/spr/ueb.html Learn German (Goethe Institut)]
* [https://www.goethe.de/de/spr/ueb.html Learn German (Goethe Institut)]
* [http://www.deutsch-perfekt.com/ Deutsch perfect (magazine to learn German)]
* [http://www.deutsch-perfekt.com/ Deutsch perfect from Spotlight Verlag GmbH Fraunhoferstraße 22 82152 Planegg Deutschland]
* Deutsch ganz leicht A1: Selbstlernkurs Deutsch für Anfänger A German Self-Study Course for Beginners / Paket: Textbuch + Arbeitsbuch + 2 Audio-CDs Verlag: Hueber, Verlag GmbH & Co. KG; Auflage: 1 (16. August 2011) ISBN-10: 319507480X
* Deutsch ganz leicht A1: Selbstlernkurs Deutsch für Anfänger A German Self-Study Course for Beginners / Paket: Textbuch + Arbeitsbuch + 2 Audio-CDs Verlag: Hueber, Verlag GmbH & Co. KG; Auflage: 1 (16. August 2011) ISBN-10: 319507480X


===List of the common words===
===List of the common words===
* [http://www.gut1.de/grundwortschatz/grundwortschatz_500.html The 500 most common words]
* [http://wortschatz.uni-leipzig.de/Papers/top1000de.txt The 1000 most common words]
* [http://wortschatz.uni-leipzig.de/Papers/top1000de.txt The 1000 most common words]
* [http://www.udel.edu/LLL/language/deutsch/top10000.pdf The 10000 most common words]
* [http://www.udel.edu/LLL/language/deutsch/top10000.pdf The 10000 most common words]
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===Morphology===
===Morphology===


* [http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/68977/morphanalysis.amta.pdf German and English Inflectional Morphology ]
* [http://research.microsoft.com/pubs/68977/morphanalysis.amta.pdf German and English Inflectional Morphology to Improve Statistical Word Alignment ]
* [http://www.canoo.net/services/MorphologyBrowser/ueberblick/index.html?lang=en Dictionary of German Morphology]
* [http://www.canoo.net/services/MorphologyBrowser/ueberblick/index.html?lang=en Dictionary of German Morphology from German Dictionaries and Grammar Powered by Canoo Logo (Canoo Engineering AG Kirschgartenstrasse 5 CH 4051 Basel Switzerland]




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* EinFach Deutsch Textausgaben: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing Verlag: Schöningh Verlag im Westermann Schulbuch (13. Oktober 1998)
* EinFach Deutsch Textausgaben: Gotthold Ephraim Lessing Verlag: Schöningh Verlag im Westermann Schulbuch (13. Oktober 1998)
* Duden - Deutsche Sprache in 12 Bänden Verlag: Bibliographisches Institut; Auflage: 8., überarbeitete Auflage (20. August 2009)
* Duden - Deutsche Sprache in 12 Bänden Verlag: Bibliographisches Institut; Auflage: 8., überarbeitete Auflage (20. August 2009)
* [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprachgeschichte How did the German language come up (Wikipedia)]
* [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsche_Sprachgeschichte How did the German language come up in German (Wikipedia)]
* [http://www.nthuleen.com/papers/130paper2.html An Examination of Swiss German in and around Zürich(Focusing Primarily on Morpholgy and Lexicon)]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_German How did the German language come up in English (Wikipedia)]
* [http://www.nthuleen.com/papers/130paper2.html An Examination of Swiss German in and around Zürich(Focusing Primarily on Morpholgy and Lexicon) frm Clyne, Michael G., Keller, Rudolf Ernst, Waterman, John T. ]

Latest revision as of 10:15, 4 December 2018

German (Wikipedia:German Language) is a West Germanic language. In Apertium, there is a stand-alone German language module (in languages/apertium-deu), and the following are the language pairs involving German (see list of language pairs):


Subpages[edit]

Resources[edit]

Grammar[edit]

Corpora[edit]


Dictionaries[edit]

Monolingual
Multilingual

Learning German[edit]

List of the common words[edit]


Morphology[edit]


Miscellaneous[edit]

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