Sanskrit

संस्कृतम् (Sanskrit)
Family:	Indo-European
ISO Codes:	sa / san / san
Incubator:	{{{incubator}}}
Language pairs:	apertium-sa-en

संस्कृतम् {Sanskrit} uses Unicode UTF-8 encoding.

Grammar

The grammar and sentence formation in sanskrit language is mainly based on "कारक विभक्ति"(Karak Vibhakti). 1. रामः फलं (Ram fruit) - sentence is incomplete 2. रामः फलं खादतत (Ram eats fruit) – The sentence is complete and the complete meaning is understood • Verb is the most important aspect to understand the meaning of the sentence. It gives completeness to the sentence • क्रियापद – Verb पद (word), क्रिया (action) a word that tells an action रामः फलं खादतत Subject Object Verb

(Doing the action of eating)-SUBJECT
(Action is done on this)-OBJECT
(Action of eating)-VERB

• These types of relations are called as ‘कारक’ in Sanskrit • कारक – That which follows an action – Relation between noun and verb

Their are in total 8 कारक विभक्ति in the sanskrit language,कारक used in the Hindi language are loosely derived from the विभक्ति in the sanskrit language.The 8 विभक्ति used are as follows: ~Nominative (प्रथमा) Karta (कर्ता ) Ne (ने )

~Accusative (द्वितीया) Karam (कर्म) Ko (को)

~Instrumental(तृतीया) Karan (करण) Se, Ke Dwara (से, के द्वारा)

~Dative (चतुर्थी) Sampradaan (सम्प्रदान) Ko, Ke Liye (को, के लिए)

~Ablative (पञ्चमी) Aapadaan (अपादान) Se (Alag Karna) (से, अलग करना)

~Genitive (षष्ठी) Sambandh (सम्बंध) Ka, Ki, Ke (का, की, के, रा, री, रे)

~Locative (सप्तमी) Adhikaran (अधिकरण) Mein, Per (में, पर)

~Vocative (संबोधन) Sambodhan (सम्बोधन) Hai, Arrey (हे, अरे)

according to these every word in sanskrit have a table("roop") and a form of the word has to be placed depending on various things like for example various groups of nouns and pronouns, but within each group of noun or pronoun, we will have a different form of the word for the singular, dual and plural triplet.

A noun of the same gender ending with the same vowel will share identical shabd roop. For example shabd roop of “baalak” will be same as that of “Yogesh”. “Sita” shabd roop will be identical to “rama“

EXAMPLE OF ROOPS USED IN SANSKRIT हरि File:Ex1.jpg

बालकः(boy)

विभक्ति एकवचन -द्विवचन -बहुवचन

प्रथमा बालकः -बालकौ -बालकाः

द्वितीया बालकम्- बालकौ -बलकान

तृतीया बाल्केन- बालकाभ्याम्- बालकैः

चर्तुथी बालकाय- बालकाभ्याम् -बालकेभ्यः

पन्चमी बालकात् -बालकाभ्याम् -बालकेभ्यः

षष्ठी बालकस्य -बालकयोः- बालकानाम्

सप्तमी बालके -बालकयोः -बालकेषु

सम्बोधन हे बालक!- हे बालकौ!- हे बालकाः

बालिका(girl)

विभक्ति एकवचन द्विवचन - बहुवचन

प्रथमा बालिका बालिके - बालिकाः

द्वितीया बलिकाम् बालिके - बालिकाः

तृतीया बालिकया बलिकाभ्याम् -बालिकाभिः

चर्तुथी बलिकायै बलिकाभ्याम् -बालिकाभ्यः

पन्चमी बालिकायाः बलिकाभ्याम् बालिकाभ्यः

षष्ठी बालिकायाः बालिकयोः बालिकानाम्

सप्तमी बालिकायाम्बा लिकयोः बालिकासु

सम्बोधन हे बालिके! हे बालिके! हे बालिकाः

Sandhi (compounds) in Sanskrit.

Dictionaries

• Sanskrit Lexicon at Uni-Koeln
• Apte's En-Sa dictionary
• Material available for download.

See also

• WX notation
• Unicode standard