Difference between revisions of "Balkan languages"

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|| <code>tur</code>
|| <code>tur</code>
|| [[HFST]]
|| [[HFST]]
|| working
|| development
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-tur/stats|stems}}
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-tur/stats|stems}}
|align="right"| -
|align="right"| -
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|| <code>ell</code>
|| <code>ell</code>
|| [[lttoolbox]]
|| [[lttoolbox]]
|| development
|| prototype
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-ell/stats|stems}}
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-ell/stats|stems}}
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-ell/stats|paradigms}}
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-ell/stats|paradigms}}
Line 115: Line 115:
|| <code>rup</code>
|| <code>rup</code>
|| [[lttoolbox]]
|| [[lttoolbox]]
|| development
|| prototype
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-rup/stats|stems}}
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-rup/stats|stems}}
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-rup/stats|paradigms}}
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-rup/stats|paradigms}}
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|| <code>ron</code>
|| <code>ron</code>
|| [[lttoolbox]]
|| [[lttoolbox]]
|| possibly non-existant
|| development
|align="right"| ?
|align="right"| ?
|align="right"| ?
|align="right"| ?
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=== Existing language pairs ===
=== Existing language pairs ===

==== Balkan-Balkan pairs ====

Text in ''italic'' denotes language pairs under development / in the incubator. Regular text denotes a functioning language pair in staging, while text in '''bold''' denotes a stable well-working language pair in trunk.
Text in ''italic'' denotes language pairs under development / in the incubator. Regular text denotes a functioning language pair in staging, while text in '''bold''' denotes a stable well-working language pair in trunk.


{| style="text-align: center;" class="wikitable"
{| style="text-align: center;" class="wikitable dixtable"
|- style="background: #ececec"
|- style="background: #ececec"
! !! bul !! mkd !! ron !! rup !! sqi !! ell !! hbs !! slv !! tur
! !! mkd !! hbs !! slv !! bul !! tur !! sqi !! ell !! rup !! ron
|-
|-
| '''mkd''' || - || '''[[Apertium-hbs-mkd|hbs-mkd]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-hbs-mkd/stats|hbs-mkd_stems}}''' || ''[[Apertium-sl-mk|sl-mk]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-sl-mk/stats|sl-mk_stems}} || '''[[Apertium-mk-bg|mk-bg]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-mk-bg/stats|mk-bg_stems}}''' || || ''[[Apertium-mk-sq|mk-sq]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-mk-sq/stats|mk-sq_stems}} || || ||
| '''bul''' || - || '''[[apertium-mk-bg|mk-bg]]''' || || || || ''[[apertium-bg-el|bg-el]]'' || || ||
|-
|-
| '''mkd''' || '''[[apertium-mk-bg|mk-bg]]''' || - || || || ''[[apertium-mk-sq|mk-sq]]'' || || '''[[apertium-sh-mk|sh-mk]]''' || ''[[apertium-sl-mk|sl-mk]]'' ||
| '''hbs''' || '''[[Apertium-hbs-mkd|hbs-mkd]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-hbs-mkd/stats|hbs-mkd_stems}}''' || - || '''[[Apertium-hbs-slv|hbs-slv]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-hbs-slv/stats|hbs-slv_stems}}''' || || || || || ||
|-
|-
⚫
| '''slv''' || ''[[Apertium-sl-mk|sl-mk]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-sl-mk/stats|sl-mk_stems}} || '''[[Apertium-hbs-slv|hbs-slv]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-hbs-slv/stats|hbs-slv_stems}}''' || - || || || || || ||
| '''ron''' || || || - || ''[[apertium-ron-rup|ron-rup]]'' || || || || ||
|-
|-
⚫
| '''bul''' || '''[[Apertium-mk-bg|mk-bg]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-mk-bg/stats|mk-bg_stems}}''' || || || - || || || ''[[Apertium-bg-el|bg-el]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-bg-el/stats|bg-el_stems}} || ||
| '''rup''' || || || ''[[apertium-ron-rup|ron-rup]]'' || - || || || || ||
|-
|-
| '''sqi''' || || ''[[apertium-mk-sq|mk-sq]]'' || || || - || || || ||
| '''tur''' || || || || || - || || || ||
|-
|-
| '''ell''' || ''[[apertium-bg-el|bg-el]]'' || || || || || - || || ||
| '''sqi''' || ''[[Apertium-mk-sq|mk-sq]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-mk-sq/stats|mk-sq_stems}} || || || || || - || || ||
|-
|-
| '''hbs''' || || '''[[apertium-sh-mk|sh-mk]]''' || || || || || - || '''[[apertium-hbs-slv|hbs-slv]]''' ||
| '''ell''' || || || || ''[[Apertium-bg-el|bg-el]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-bg-el/stats|bg-el_stems}} || || || - || ||
|-
|-
| '''slv''' || || ''[[apertium-sl-mk|sl-mk]]'' || || || || || '''[[apertium-hbs-slv|hbs-slv]]''' || - ||
| '''rup''' || || || || || || || || - || ''[[Apertium-ron-rup|ron-rup]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-ron-rup/stats|ron-rup_stems}}
|-
|-
| '''tur''' || || || || || || || || || -
| '''ron''' || || || || || || || || ''[[Apertium-ron-rup|ron-rup]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-ron-rup/stats|ron-rup_stems}} || -
|}

==== Pairs with non-Balkan languages ====
{| style="text-align: center;" class="wikitable"
|- style="background: #ececec"
! !! bul !! mkd !! ron !! rup !! sqi !! ell !! hbs !! slv !! tur
|-
|-
⚫
| || || || || || || || || ||
| '''ru''' || ''[[apertium-bg-ru|bg-ru]]'' || || || || || || ''[[apertium-hbs-rus|hbs-rus]]'' || ||
|-
|-
⚫
| '''aze''' || || || || || [[Apertium-tur-aze|tur-aze]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tur-aze/stats|tur-aze_stems}} || || || ||
| '''en''' || ''[[apertium-bg-en|bg-en]]'' || '''[[apertium-mk-en|mk-en]]''' || || || ''[[apertium-en-sq|en-sq]]'' || ''[[apertium-ell-eng|ell-eng]]'' || ''[[apertium-sh-en|sh-en]]'' || || ''[[apertium-tr-en|tr-en]]''
|-
|-
| '''it''' || || || ''[[apertium-ro-it|ro-it]]'' || || || || || ''[[apertium-sl-it|sl-it]]'' ||
| '''cat''' || || || || || || || || || [[Apertium-ca-ro|ca-ro]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-ca-ro/stats|ca-ro_stems}}
|-
|-
| '''ces''' || || ''[[Apertium-ces-hbs|ces-hbs]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-ces-hbs/stats|ces-hbs_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-cs-sl|cs-sl]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-cs-sl/stats|cs-sl_stems}} || || || || || ||
|-
|-
⚫
| '''chv''' || || || || || ''[[Apertium-cv-tr|cv-tr]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-cv-tr/stats|cv-tr_stems}} || || || ||
| '''pol''' || || || || || || || || ''[[apertium-slv-pol|slv-pol]]'' ||
|-
|-
| '''eng''' || '''[[Apertium-mk-en|mk-en]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-mk-en/stats|mk-en_stems}}''' || '''[[Apertium-hbs-eng|hbs-eng]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-hbs-eng/stats|hbs-eng_stems}}''' || ''[[Apertium-sl-en|sl-en]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-sl-en/stats|sl-en_stems}} || [[Apertium-bg-en|bg-en]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-bg-en/stats|bg-en_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-tr-en|tr-en]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tr-en/stats|tr-en_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-en-sq|en-sq]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-en-sq/stats|en-sq_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-ell-eng|ell-eng]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-ell-eng/stats|ell-eng_stems}} || ||
| '''eo''' || ''[[apertium-eo-bg|eo-bg]]'' || || || || || ''[[apertium-eo-el|eo-el]]'' || || ||
|-
|-
| '''epo''' || || || || ''[[Apertium-eo-bg|eo-bg]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-eo-bg/stats|eo-bg_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-eo-tr|eo-tr]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-eo-tr/stats|eo-tr_stems}} || || ''[[Apertium-eo-el|eo-el]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-eo-el/stats|eo-el_stems}} || ||
| '''fr''' || || || ''[[apertium-fr-ro|fr-ro]]'' || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| '''ca''' || || || ''[[apertium-ca-ro|ca-ro]]'' || || || || || ||
| '''fin''' || || ''[[Apertium-fin-hbs|fin-hbs]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-fin-hbs/stats|fin-hbs_stems}} || || || || || || ||
|-
|-
| '''es''' || || || '''[[apertium-es-ro|es-ro]]''' || || || || || ''[[apertium-slv-spa|slv-spa]]'' ||
| '''fra''' || || || || || || || || || ''[[Apertium-fr-ro|fr-ro]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-fr-ro/stats|fr-ro_stems}}
|-
|-
| '''cs''' || || || || || || || || ''[[apertium-cs-sl|cs-sl]]'' ||
| '''ina''' || || || || || || || || || ''[[Apertium-ron-ina|ron-ina]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-ron-ina/stats|ron-ina_stems}}
|-
|-
⚫
| '''ita''' || || || ''[[Apertium-slv-ita|slv-ita]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-slv-ita/stats|slv-ita_stems}} || || || || || || [[Apertium-ro-it|ro-it]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-ro-it/stats|ro-it_stems}}
| '''kir''' || || || || || || || || || ''[[apertium-tur-kir|tur-kir]]''
|-
|-
⚫
| '''kir''' || || || || || [[Apertium-tur-kir|tur-kir]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tur-kir/stats|tur-kir_stems}} || || || ||
| '''tat''' || || || || || || || || || ''[[apertium-tur-tat|tur-tat]]''
|-
|-
| '''pol''' || || ''[[Apertium-pol-hbs|pol-hbs]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-pol-hbs/stats|pol-hbs_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-slv-pol|slv-pol]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-slv-pol/stats|slv-pol_stems}} || || || || || ||
| '''uzb''' || || || || || || || || || ''[[apertium-tur-uzb|tur-uzb]]''
|-
|-
⚫
| '''rus''' || || [[Apertium-hbs-rus|hbs-rus]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-hbs-rus/stats|hbs-rus_stems}} || || ''[[Apertium-bg-ru|bg-ru]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-bg-ru/stats|bg-ru_stems}} || || || || ||
| '''aze''' || || || || || || || || || [[apertium-tur-aze|tur-aze]]
|-
|-
⚫
| '''spa''' || || || [[Apertium-slv-spa|slv-spa]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-slv-spa/stats|slv-spa_stems}} || || || || || || '''[[Apertium-es-ro|es-ro]]'''<br>'''{{#lst:Apertium-es-ro/stats|es-ro_stems}}'''
| '''cv''' || || || || || || || || || ''[[apertium-cv-tr|cv-tr]]''
|}

==== Table of dix progress ====
{| style="text-align: center;" class="wikitable"
|- style="background: #ececec"
! !! bul !! mkd !! ron !! rup !! sqi !! ell !! hbs !! slv !! tur
|-
|-
| '''bul''' || - || {{#lst:Apertium-mk-bg/stats|stems}} || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-bg-el/stats|stems}} || || ||
| '''tat''' || || || || || [[Apertium-tur-tat|tur-tat]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tur-tat/stats|tur-tat_stems}} || || || ||
|-
|-
| '''mkd''' || {{#lst:Apertium-mk-bg/stats|stems}} || - || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-sh-mk/stats|stems}} || {{#lst:Apertium-sl-mk/stats|stems}} ||
| '''tuk''' || || || || || [[Apertium-tuk-tur|tuk-tur]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tuk-tur/stats|tuk-tur_stems}} || || || ||
|-
|-
| '''ron''' || || || - || {{#lst:Apertium-ron-rup/stats|stems}} || || || || ||
| '''uzb''' || || || || || [[Apertium-tur-uzb|tur-uzb]]<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tur-uzb/stats|tur-uzb_stems}} || || || ||
|-
|}

| '''rup''' || || || {{#lst:Apertium-ron-rup/stats|stems}} || - || || || || ||
== Samples ==
|-
Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
| '''sqi''' || || || || || - || || || ||

|-
''All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.''
| '''ell''' || {{#lst:Apertium-bg-el/stats|stems}} || || || || || - || || ||

|-
{|class=wikitable
⚫
| '''hbs''' || || {{#lst:Apertium-sh-mk/stats|stems}} || || || || || - || {{#lst:Apertium-hbs-slv/stats|stems}} ||
! Language !! Text
|-
⚫
| '''slv''' || || {{#lst:Apertium-sl-mk/stats|stems}} || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-hbs-slv/stats|stems}} || - ||
|-
| '''tur''' || || || || || || || || || -
|-
⚫
| || || || || || || || || ||
|-
⚫
| '''ru''' || {{#lst:Apertium-bg-ru/stats|stems}} || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-hbs-rus/stats|stems}} || ||
|-
| '''en''' || {{#lst:Apertium-bg-en/stats|stems}} || {{#lst:Apertium-mk-en/stats|stems}} || || || {{#lst:Apertium-en-sq/stats|stems}} || || {{#lst:Apertium-sh-en/stats|stems}} || || {{#lst:Apertium-tr-en/stats|stems}}
|-
⚫
| '''it''' || || || {{#lst:Apertium-ro-it/stats|stems}} || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-sl-it/stats|stems}} ||
|-
| '''pol''' || || || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-slv-pol/stats|stems}} ||
|-
⚫
| '''eo''' || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-eo-el/stats|stems}} || || ||
|-
⚫
| '''fr''' || || || {{#lst:Apertium-fr-ro/stats|stems}} || || || || || ||
|-
| '''ca''' || || || {{#lst:Apertium-ca-ro/stats|stems}} || || || || || ||
|-
⚫
| '''es''' || || || {{#lst:Apertium-es-ro/stats|stems}} || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-slv-spa/stats|stems}} ||
|-
| '''cs''' || || || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-cs-sl/stats|stems}} ||
|-
⚫
| '''kir''' || || || || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-tur-kir/stats|tur-kir-stems}}
|-
|-
|| Macedonian || Сите човечки суштества се раѓаат слободни и еднакви по достоинство и права. Тие се обдарени со разум и совест и треба да се однесуваат еден кон друг во духот на општо човечката припадност.
| '''tat''' || || || || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-tur-tat/stats|tur-tat-stems}}
|-
|-
|| Slovenian || Vsi ljudje se rodijo svobodni in imajo enako dostojanstvo in enake pravice. Obdarjeni so z razumom in vestjo in bi morali ravnati drug z drugim kakor bratje.
| '''uzb''' || || || || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-tur-uzb/stats|tur-uzb-stems}}
|-
|-
|| Bulgarian || Всички хора се раждат свободни и равни по достойнство и права. Те са надарени с разум и съвест и следва да се отнасят помежду си в дух на братство.
| '''aze''' || || || || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-tur-aze/stats|tur-aze-stems}}
|-
|-
|| Turkish || Bütün insanlar hür, haysiyet ve haklar bakımından eşit doğarlar. Akıl ve vicdana sahiptirler ve birbirlerine karşı kardeşlik zihniyeti ile hareket etmelidirler.
| '''cv''' || || || || || || || || || {{#lst:Apertium-cv-tr/stats|stems}}
|}
|}


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* [http://www.let.rug.nl/~coltekin/trmorph/ TRMorph]
* [http://www.let.rug.nl/~coltekin/trmorph/ TRMorph]


[[Category:Balkan languages]]
[[Category:Languages of the Balkans]]

Latest revision as of 19:27, 27 August 2017

The Balkan languages are those languages spoken in the Balkans, and possibly forming a part of the Balkan Sprachbund. They include Bulgarian, Macedonian, Romanian, Aromanian, Albanian, Greek, Serbo-Croatian, and a number of others.

The master plan involves generating independent finite-state transducers for each language, and then making individual dictionaries and transfer rules for every pair. The current status of these goals is listed below.

Status[edit]

The ultimate goal is to have multi-purposable transducers for a variety of Balkan languages. These can then be paired for X→Y translation with the addition of a CG for language X and transfer rules / dictionary for the pair X→Y. Below is listed development progress for each language's transducers and dictionary pairs.

Transducers[edit]

Once a transducer has ~80% coverage on a range of medium-large corpora we can say it is "working". Over 90% and it can be considered to be "production".

name Language ISO 639 formalism state stems paradigms coverage location primary authors
-2 -3
apertium-mkd Macedonian mk mkd lttoolbox production 30,686 260 ~90.5% apertium-mkd (languages) Fran, Tihomir, Petkovski
apertium-hbs Serbo-Croatian sh hbs lttoolbox production 58,004 1,092 ~90.5% apertium-hbs (languages) Fran, Petkovski, Aleš, hrvoj
apertium-slv Slovenian sl slv lttoolbox production 20,596 1,435 ~90.5% apertium-hbs-slv (trunk)
apertium-slv-pol (incubator)
apertium-sl-mk (incubator) 		Fran, Petkovski, Peradin, Aleš, Čabrilo, Dimitrijev
apertium-bul Bulgarian bg bul lttoolbox production 8,578 317 ~80% apertium-bul (languages) Fran, Tihomir
apertium-tur Turkish tr tur HFST development 17,221 - ~87.3% apertium-tur (languages) Fran, Gianluca, Sezgi Aydın
apertium-sqi Albanian sq sqi lttoolbox development 3,312 138 ~80.2% apertium-sqi (languages) Fran
apertium-ell Greek el ell lttoolbox prototype 2,460 951 - apertium-ell (languages) Fran
apertium-rup Aromanian - rup lttoolbox prototype 312,005 26193 - apertium-rup (incubator) Fran, shopskasalata
apertium-ron Romanian ro ron lttoolbox possibly non-existant ? ? - apertium-ron-rup (incubator) Fran

Balkan Language Classification[edit]

The languages that share these similarities belong to five distinct branches of the Indo-European languages[1]:

Existing language pairs[edit]

Text in italic denotes language pairs under development / in the incubator. Regular text denotes a functioning language pair in staging, while text in bold denotes a stable well-working language pair in trunk.

mkd hbs slv bul tur sqi ell rup ron
mkd - hbs-mkd
12,813		 sl-mk
25,579		 mk-bg
8,783		 mk-sq
?
hbs hbs-mkd
12,813		 - hbs-slv
24,717
slv sl-mk
25,579		 hbs-slv
24,717		 -
bul mk-bg
8,783		 - bg-el
638
tur -
sqi mk-sq
?		 -
ell bg-el
638		 -
rup - ron-rup
402
ron ron-rup
402		 -
aze tur-aze
8,194
cat ca-ro
16,431
ces ces-hbs
167		 cs-sl
570
chv cv-tr
100
eng mk-en
33,350		 hbs-eng
16,228		 sl-en
313		 bg-en
10,242		 tr-en
171		 en-sq
580		 ell-eng
830
epo eo-bg
?		 eo-tr
1,500		 eo-el
1,150
fin fin-hbs
250
fra fr-ro
12,727
ina ron-ina
192
ita slv-ita
1,586		 ro-it
10,093
kir tur-kir
7,123
pol pol-hbs
136		 slv-pol
354
rus hbs-rus
5,008		 bg-ru
3,292
spa slv-spa
 es-ro
24,528
tat tur-tat
3,317
tuk tuk-tur
3,387
uzb tur-uzb
3,519

Samples[edit]

Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.

Language Text
Macedonian Сите човечки суштества се раѓаат слободни и еднакви по достоинство и права. Тие се обдарени со разум и совест и треба да се однесуваат еден кон друг во духот на општо човечката припадност.
Slovenian Vsi ljudje se rodijo svobodni in imajo enako dostojanstvo in enake pravice. Obdarjeni so z razumom in vestjo in bi morali ravnati drug z drugim kakor bratje.
Bulgarian Всички хора се раждат свободни и равни по достойнство и права. Те са надарени с разум и съвест и следва да се отнасят помежду си в дух на братство.
Turkish Bütün insanlar hür, haysiyet ve haklar bakımından eşit doğarlar. Akıl ve vicdana sahiptirler ve birbirlerine karşı kardeşlik zihniyeti ile hareket etmelidirler.

See also[edit]

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Balkan_languages&oldid=64090"