Difference between revisions of "Khalkha and Kazakh/Pending tests"
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== Dative disambiguation == |
== Dative disambiguation == |
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The dative in Khalkha corresponds to both dative and locative in Kazakh |
The dative in Khalkha corresponds to both dative and locative in Kazakh |
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== Directive vs. dative == |
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The directive and dativem (and sometimes bare nouns!) in Khalkha both correspond to the dative in Kazakh |
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* With яв-: |
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** directive + reflexive for most places |
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** dative for "activity places" (=events), e.g. ажил, хурал, хичээл, сургууль, цэцэрлэг, цугаан |
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** bare noun: хот, Улаан-Баатар, хөдөө |
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== Commitative and instrumental == |
== Commitative and instrumental == |
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Khalkha commitative corresponds to Kazakh instrumental and -LIK, Khalkha instrumental usually corresponds to Kazakh instrumental. |
Khalkha commitative corresponds to Kazakh instrumental and -LIK, Khalkha instrumental usually corresponds to Kazakh instrumental. |
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== Reflexive == |
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Khalkha "reflexive" nouns turn into Kazakh nouns with an optional possessor that agrees with the subject of the sentence. When translating from Kazakh, a noun whose possession agrees with the subject should be translated as just reflexive. |
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* {{test|khk|би гэр лүүгээ буцах ёстой|мен үйге қайтуым керек}} |
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* {{test|khk|би гэр лүүгээ буцах ёстой|мен үйіме қайтуым керек}} |
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Khalkha inanimate nouns don't take an accusative morpheme with accusative-case reflexive nouns, so the accusative has to be added back in Kazakh. |
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* {{test|khk|би гэрээ санав|мен үйімді сағындым}} |
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== Subjects == |
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=== kaz-khk insertion of subject based on agreement === |
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* {{test|kaz|шелекпен сыра ішемін|би хувингээр пив ууна}} |
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* {{test|kaz|сен білмейсің|чи мэдэхгүй}} |
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* {{test|kaz|Сен ертең келесің бе?|Чи маргааш ирэх үү?}} |
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=== khk-kaz addition of agreement === |
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* {{test|khk|би хувингээр пив ууна|(мен) шелекпен сыра ішемін}} |
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* {{test|khk|чи мэдэхгүй|сен білмейсің}} |
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* {{test|khk|Чи маргааш ирэх үү?|Сен ертең келесің бе?}} |
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== Expressions for "to like" == |
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* {{test|khk|надад энэ ном их дуртай|маған бұл кітап өте ұнайды}} |
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[[Category:Khalkha and Kazakh]] |
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Latest revision as of 20:07, 8 June 2014
Contents
Dative disambiguation[edit]
The dative in Khalkha corresponds to both dative and locative in Kazakh
Directive vs. dative[edit]
The directive and dativem (and sometimes bare nouns!) in Khalkha both correspond to the dative in Kazakh
- With яв-:
- directive + reflexive for most places
- dative for "activity places" (=events), e.g. ажил, хурал, хичээл, сургууль, цэцэрлэг, цугаан
- bare noun: хот, Улаан-Баатар, хөдөө
Commitative and instrumental[edit]
Khalkha commitative corresponds to Kazakh instrumental and -LIK, Khalkha instrumental usually corresponds to Kazakh instrumental.
Reflexive[edit]
Khalkha "reflexive" nouns turn into Kazakh nouns with an optional possessor that agrees with the subject of the sentence. When translating from Kazakh, a noun whose possession agrees with the subject should be translated as just reflexive.
- (khk) би гэр лүүгээ буцах ёстой → мен үйге қайтуым керек
- (khk) би гэр лүүгээ буцах ёстой → мен үйіме қайтуым керек
Khalkha inanimate nouns don't take an accusative morpheme with accusative-case reflexive nouns, so the accusative has to be added back in Kazakh.
- (khk) би гэрээ санав → мен үйімді сағындым
Subjects[edit]
kaz-khk insertion of subject based on agreement[edit]
- (kaz) шелекпен сыра ішемін → би хувингээр пив ууна
- (kaz) сен білмейсің → чи мэдэхгүй
- (kaz) Сен ертең келесің бе? → Чи маргааш ирэх үү?
khk-kaz addition of agreement[edit]
- (khk) би хувингээр пив ууна → (мен) шелекпен сыра ішемін
- (khk) чи мэдэхгүй → сен білмейсің
- (khk) Чи маргааш ирэх үү? → Сен ертең келесің бе?
Expressions for "to like"[edit]
- (khk) надад энэ ном их дуртай → маған бұл кітап өте ұнайды
