Difference between revisions of "Morphology of Kyrgyz language"

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## Rule: delete ы after %> and before ңыз
  
## Rule: delete ы after %> and before ңыз
 
## <code>ы:0 <=> %> _ ңыз ; </code>
  
## <code>ы:0 <=> %> _ ңыз ; </code>
  +
  +
* These should all really be rules to epenthesise/insert /I/ (ы, и, у, ү) after a consonant before these endings.
   
 
==Noun Person,Possessives==
  
==Noun Person,Possessives==
Line 49: Line 51:
 
|-
  
|-
 
| Plural
  
| Plural
−
| -ыңар becomes -нар if ends with vowel,-ыңыздар becomes -ңыздар if end with vowel
 +
| -ыңар becomes -ңар if ends with vowel,-ыңыздар becomes -ңыздар if end with vowel
 
| ат+ыңар,бала+ңар,ат+ыңыздар,бала+ңыздар
  
| ат+ыңар,бала+ңар,ат+ыңыздар,бала+ңыздар
 
| your horse,your son, your horse(kind way),your son(kind way)
  
| your horse,your son, your horse(kind way),your son(kind way)
Line 63: Line 65:
 
|-
  
|-
 
| --
  
| --
−
| -ы becomes -сы if ends with vowel
 +
| -ы becomes -сы when following vowel
 
| <s>ат+ы</s>,бала+сы
  
| <s>ат+ы</s>,бала+сы
 
| his horse, his son
  
| his horse, his son
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| -ныкы
  
| -ныкы
 
| эл+дики,мал+дыкы,балаң+дыкы,тоо+нуку,төө+нүкү
  
| эл+дики,мал+дыкы,балаң+дыкы,тоо+нуку,төө+нүкү
−
| people's, animals', your son's, mountain's, camel's
 +
| people's, livestock's, your son's, the mountain's, the camel's (as their own NPs)
 
|}
  
|}
   
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| mail's, ball's, book's, shoe's
  
| mail's, ball's, book's, shoe's
 
|-
  
|-
−
| Ends with Third persons Possesive-ы,-сы and -ныкы
 +
| Ends with Third persons Possesive -ы,-сы and -ныкы
−
| -ын,-ун,-ин,-үн
 +
| -нын,-нун,-нин,-нүн
−
| <s>малын+ын</s>, <s>саатын+ын</s>, бала+сы+н+ын, инисин+ин, үйүн+үн, короосун+ун, мектептикин+нин
 +
| <s>малы+нын</s>, <s>сааты+нын</s>, бала+сы+нын, иниси+нин, үйү+нүн, короосу+нун, мектептики+нин
−
|of his animal's, of his watch's, of his child's, of his brother's, of his house's, of his garden's, of school's smth's
+
|his animal's, his watch's, his child's, his brother's, his house's, his garden's, the school's's (e.g., the school's[ book]'s)
 
|}
  
|}

Revision as of 19:07, 8 May 2011

Noun morphology

Missing rules
  1. "атым" works, "балам" doesn't
    1. Rule: delete ы after %> and before м
    2. ы:0 <=> %> _ м ;
  1. "балабыз" works, "атыбыз" doesn't
    1. Rule: delete ы after %> and before быз
    2. ы:0 <=> %> _ быз ;
  1. "бала+ңыз" works, "атыңыз" doesn't
    1. Rule: delete ы after %> and before ңыз
    2. ы:0 <=> %> _ ңыз ;
  • These should all really be rules to epenthesise/insert /I/ (ы, и, у, ү) after a consonant before these endings.

Noun Person,Possessives

1st Person Possessives

Singular/Plural Suffix Example Gloss
Singular -ым becomes-м if ends with vowel ат+ым,бала+м my horse, my son
Plural -ыбыз become -быз if ends with vowel ат+ыбыз,бала+быз our horse, our son

2nd Person Possessive

Singular/Plural Suffix Example Gloss
Singular -ың becomes -ң if ends with vowel,-ыңыз becomes -ңыз if ends with vowel ат+ың,бала+ң,ат+ыңыз,бала+ңыз your horse, your son, your horse(kind way),your son(kind way)
Plural -ыңар becomes -ңар if ends with vowel,-ыңыздар becomes -ңыздар if end with vowel ат+ыңар,бала+ңар,ат+ыңыздар,бала+ңыздар your horse,your son, your horse(kind way),your son(kind way)

3rd Person Possessive

Singular/Plural Suffix Example Gloss
-- -ы becomes -сы when following vowel ат+ы,бала+сы his horse, his son

General Possessive

Singular/Plural Suffix Example Gloss
-- -ныкы эл+дики,мал+дыкы,балаң+дыкы,тоо+нуку,төө+нүкү people's, livestock's, your son's, the mountain's, the camel's (as their own NPs)

Noun cases

Case Name Suffixes
absolute ---
genitive -нын, -нин, -дын, -дин, -тын, -тин, -нун, -нүн, -дун, -дүн, -тун, -түн
dative -га, -ка, -ге, -ке, -го, -ко, -гө, -кө
definite-accusative -ны, -ни, -ды, -ди, -ты, -ти, -ну, -нү, -ду, -дү, -ту, -тү
locative -да, -де, -та, -те, -до, -дө, -то, -тө
ablative -дан, -ден, -тан, -тен, -дон, -дөн, -тон, -төн

Genitive, Rules for suffixes

Rules -нын,-ын transfromation Examples Gloss
Ends with vowels -нын,-нун,-нин,нүн бала+нын, тоо+нун, эне+нин, төө+нүн child's, mountain's, mother's, camel's
Ends with Voiced Consonants -дын,-дун,-дин,-дүн жаз+дын, коом+дун,билим+дин,көз+дүн spring's, community's, knowledge's, eye's
Ends with Unvoiced Consonants -тын,-тун,-тин,-түн кат+тын,топ+тун, китеп+тин,өтүк+түн mail's, ball's, book's, shoe's
Ends with Third persons Possesive -ы,-сы and -ныкы -нын,-нун,-нин,-нүн малы+нын, сааты+нын, бала+сы+нын, иниси+нин, үйү+нүн, короосу+нун, мектептики+нин his animal's, his watch's, his child's, his brother's, his house's, his garden's, the school's's (e.g., the school's[ book]'s)
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