Malayalam

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Morphotactics[edit]

Verbs[edit]

Form Description Tag Example Translation
Present stemk-unnu <pres> kuttikal kalikkunnu
children play
The children are playing.
Future stem-um <fut> naale mala peyyum
tomorrow rain will.fall
It will rain tomorrow.
Present progressive presk-unt aval nannaayi pathikkunt
she well studying.is
She is studying well.
Present progressive (II) inf ān siita avite irikkuka ān
Sita there sit is.
Sita is sitting there.
Iterative present stem-kontu-iri-kk-unnu avan paatikkontirikkunnu
He singing.is
He is singing.
Iterative fut stem-kontu-iri-kk-um avan paatikkontirikkum
He singing.will.be
He will be singing.
Iterative past stem-kontu-iri-unnu avan paatikkontirunnu
He singing.was
He was singing.
Continuous iterative stem-konte-iri-kunnu kuttikal paatikkonteeyirunnu
children sang.without.stopping
The children sang without stopping
Perfect innale mala peytirunnu
yesterday rain fell
It rained yesterday.
Contemporaneous perfect yuddham pottippurappettirikkunnu
war broken#out.has
War has broken out!
Remote perfect ñaan paattŭ pathiccittuntŭ
I music studied.had
I had studied music.
Habitual present juun maasattil mala peyyaaruntŭ
June month.in rain falls.usually
It usually rains in June.
Habitual past ñaan delhiyil pookaaruntaayirunnu
I Delhi.to go.used#to
I used to go to Delhi.
Imperative putiya vidyaarthikal hedmaasrrare kaaneentataanŭ
new students headmaster meet.should
New students should meet the headmaster.
Promissive past-ām ñaan naale varaam
I tomorrow come.will
I will come tomorrow.
Emphatic promissive past-ēk-ām ñaan naale vanneekkaam
I tomorrow come.will
I will come tomorrow.
Permissive past-ō (kolluu) vannoo
you.may.come
You may come.
Permissive (II) past-ootte avan avite irunnootte
He there sit.let
Let him sit there.
Permissive (III) avar avite taamasikkatte
He there sit.let
Let him sit there.
Permissive (Formal) paas ullavarkkŭ itilee pookaavunnatŭ aanŭ
pass having this.way go.may is
Those who have a pass may go this way.
Optative mala peyyatte
rain fall.let
Let it rain.
Precative stem-anē (= stem-uka-vēnam-ē) mala peyyanee
rain fall.may
May it rain.