Difference between revisions of "Finnish"

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=== Adposition to case suffix ===
 
=== Adposition to case suffix ===
   
  +
Finnish uses semantic cases for what many e.g. IE languages use adpositions:
  +
  +
* houses -> talot
  +
* on houses -> taloissa
  +
* into houses -> taloihin
  +
  +
etc.
   
 
<pre>
 
<pre>
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</pre>
 
</pre>
   
  +
The effective range of adposition to suffix mapping is a noun phrase:
  +
  +
* (a) green colourless dream -> vihreä väritön uni
  +
* in (a) green colourless dream -> vihreässä värittömässä unessa
  +
  +
but proper noun phrase is appositive:
  +
  +
* for Donald Trump -> Donald Trumpille
  +
* for president Trump -> presidentti Trumpille
  +
  +
in Nokia Finnish a reverse pattern is used (because computers cannot inflect variables a proxy word is inflected):
  +
  +
* user -> käyttäjä
  +
* to user Joe -> käyttäjälle Joe
  +
* file -> tiedosto
  +
* into file thesis.doc -> tiedostoon thesis.doc
  +
  +
it would not be incorrect to use proper inflection in these cases.
   
 
==See also==
 
==See also==

Revision as of 05:13, 17 February 2021

Grammar stuff

Common formulas:

Adposition to case suffix

Finnish uses semantic cases for what many e.g. IE languages use adpositions:

  • houses -> talot
  • on houses -> taloissa
  • into houses -> taloihin

etc.

  <section-def-macros>
    <def-macro n="adp-mangler" npar="1">
      <choose>
        <!-- adp to case mappigngs -->
        <!-- based on adp lexeme only -->
        <when>
          <test>
            <equal><clip pos="1" side="sl" part="lem"/><lit v="I"/></equal>
          </test>
          <let>
            <var n="adpcase"/>
            <lit-tag v="ine"/>
          </let>
          <let>
            <var n="maybeadp"/>
            <lit v=""/>
          </let>
        </when>
        <when>
          <test>
            <equal><clip pos="1" side="sl" part="lem"/><lit v="i"/></equal>
          </test>
          <let>
            <var n="adpcase"/>
            <lit-tag v="ine"/>
          </let>
          <let>
            <var n="maybeadp"/>
            <lit v=""/>
          </let>
        </when>
        <when>
          <test>
            <equal><clip pos="1" side="sl" part="lem"/><lit v="fra"/></equal>
          </test>
          <let>
            <var n="adpcase"/>
            <lit-tag v="ela"/>
          </let>
          <let>
            <var n="maybeadp"/>
            <lit v=""/>
          </let>
        </when>
...
...
...
    <rule comment="adp noun">
      <pattern>
        <pattern-item n="adp"/>
        <pattern-item n="noun"/>
      </pattern>
      <action>
        <call-macro n="adp-mangler">
          <with-param pos="1"/>
        </call-macro>
        <out>
          <chunk name="adpnoun" case="caseFirstWord">
            <tags>
              <tag><lit-tag v="NP"/></tag>
              <tag><var n="adpcase"/></tag>
            </tags>
            <lu>
              <clip pos="2" side="tl" part="lem"/>
              <clip pos="2" side="tl" part="a_noun"/>
              <clip pos="2" side="tl" part="a_number"/>
              <var n="adpcase"/>
            </lu>
            <b pos="0"/>
            <lu>
              <var n="maybeadp"/>
            </lu>
          </chunk>
        </out>
      </action>
    </rule>

The effective range of adposition to suffix mapping is a noun phrase:

  • (a) green colourless dream -> vihreä väritön uni
  • in (a) green colourless dream -> vihreässä värittömässä unessa

but proper noun phrase is appositive:

  • for Donald Trump -> Donald Trumpille
  • for president Trump -> presidentti Trumpille

in Nokia Finnish a reverse pattern is used (because computers cannot inflect variables a proxy word is inflected):

  • user -> käyttäjä
  • to user Joe -> käyttäjälle Joe
  • file -> tiedosto
  • into file thesis.doc -> tiedostoon thesis.doc

it would not be incorrect to use proper inflection in these cases.

See also

Languages in github

Language pairs in github