Dependency parsing for Turkic

advcl: adverbial clause modifier

Adverbial clause modifiers (advcl) are subordinate clauses that are not complements. Also non-complement infinitival or temporal clauses and non-complement participles modifying verbs are marked as advcl.

In Turkic, verbal adverbs (gna_) will take this label if they modify a main verb.

    
            ________________________advcl_____________________________
           |                                                          |
Ном      номчааш,       ол   кижиниң        чуртталгазын шуптузун   билип          алдым.  
book.ACC read.GNA.PAST, that person.GEN     life.3.ACC   all.3.ACC  know.PRC.PERF  make.PAST.1SG   

            ________________________advcl__________________________________
           |                                                               |
Китапны  укыгач,        ул   кешенең     тормышы     турында барысын да  белдем.
book.ACC read.GNA.PAST, that person.GEN  life.3.NOM  about   all.3.ACC   know.PAST.1SG

"Having read the book, I found out everything about that person's life."

advmod: adverb modifier

The dependency type advmod is used for adverb modifiers of verbs, nominals and adverbs alike.

                         _advmod_
                        |        |
Света келзе,     мени  удавас чедип          келир        деп    дамчыдыңар.
Sveta come.COND, I.ACC soon   reach.PRC.PERF come.PRC.AOR COMP   tell.IMP.PL

                                           __advmod_
                                          |         |
Света килсә,     <name of the speaker>  тиздән кайтып җитә        деп    әйтегез.
Sveta come.COND,                        soon   return.PRES.3sg.   COMP   tell.IMP.PL

"If Sveta comes, tell her I'll return soon."

amod: adjectival modifier

Nouns may take adjectival modifiers, which are marked with the dependency type amod. It is also possible for an adjective to take another adjective as a modifier. (These adjectival modifiers are generally expressed with -ly adverbs in English.)

             _____amod_____
             |            |
Мергенде   солун        номнар  бар.
Mergen.LOC interesting  book.PL existing.

             _____amod_____
             |            |
Мәргәндә   кызыклы      китаплар  бар.
Mergen.LOC interesting  book.PL   existing.

"Mergen has some interesting books."

cmpnd: compound

cmpnd is used for noun compounds. Nouns should modify the next noun in the compound in order to respect the branching structure.

Most uses of attr will be tagged with cmpnd:

Nouns in the izafet construction (e.g. possessive on the final noun) should not get the cmpnd tag.

            __cmpnd_            ___cmpnd___
           |        |           |         |
Мартан-оол март  айдан      сентябрь   айга      чедир   Кызылга    чурттап        турган . 
Martan-ool March month.ABL  September  month.DAT until   Kyzyl.DAT  live.PRC.PERF  sit.PAST

Мартан-оол март  аеннан      сентябрь   аена        кадәр   Кызылда    яшәгән . 
Martan-ool March month.3.ABL September  month.3.DAT until   Kyzyl.LOC  live.PAST.3SG
(Note 3 person possessives, hence no cmpnd labels).

"Martan-ool was living in Kyzyl from March until September"

case: case

The dependency type case is used for the adposition in pre- and postpositional phrases. The head of an adpositional phrase is the nominal, not the adposition, so as to analyse adpositional phrases similarly to nominal modifiers without an adposition. (Such nominal modifiers are frequent in Turkic, as cases are often used for the same purpose as adpositions.) To the same end, the type case is used in combination with the type nmod, which is also used for nominal modifiers when no adposition is present (see nmod).

Note that case is not used with auxiliary nouns (sometimes called "postpositions") in the form of N¹.gen N².poss.case, for those nmod should be used.

       _case__
       |     |
Meн кадайым-биле киноже      чорук баар мен.
I   wife-with    cinema.ALL  go    AUX.AOR.

                                  ______case________
                                 |                 |
Бис бүгү чүвени     сээң     чугаалааның        ёзугаар         кылган бис
We  all  thing.ACC  you.GEN  say.GER.2SG.NOM    according.to    do.PAST.2PL