Mandarin Chinese

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Mandarin Chinese (Wikipedia:Mandarin Chinese) is a Sino-Tibetan language(Wikipedia:Sino-Tibetan languages). Currently there is no stable language pair in Apertium involving Mandarin Chinese (see list of language pairs).


General

Machine translation

Grammars

  • Chao, Yuen Ren. (1968). A Grammar of Spoken Chinese. Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN: 0-520-00219-9. {ALEX PL1137.S6C5 1968}
  • Claudia Ross and Jing-heng Sheng Ma. (2006). Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar. New York: Routledge,
  • He, Wayne W., Dela Jiao and Christopher M. Livaccari. (2010). Structures of Mandarin Chinese for Speakers of English I. Peking University Press, Paper. ISBN: 978-7-301-17971-0
  • Huang, C. -T. James, Y. -H. Audrey Li, and Yafei Li. (2009). The Syntax of Chinese. Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 0521590582
  • Kratochvil, P. The Chinese Language Today. {ALEX PL1087.K7}
  • Li, Charles N. & Sandra A. Thompson. (1981). Mandarin Chinese: A Functional Reference Grammar. Berkeley: University of California Press, ISBN: 0-520-04286-7 {ALEX PL1107.L5}
  • Li Dejin and Cheng Meizhen. (2009). A Practical Chinese Grammar for Foreigners. Revised Edition. Beijing Language and Culture University Press, Paper. ISBN: 978-7-561-92163-0
  • Lu, Fubo. (1996). 卢福波著. 《对外汉语教学实用语法》. Beijing Languages and Culture University Press, Paper. ISBN 978-7-5619-0474-9
  • Yip Po-Ching and Don Rimmington. (1997). Chinese: An Essential Grammar. New York: Routledge, {Paul Robeson (Camden) PL1107.Y57 1996}
  • Yue, Anne O. (2003). Chinese dialects: grammar, in Thurgood, Graham; LaPolla, Randy J. (eds.), The Sino-Tibetan languages, Routledge, pp. 84–125, ISBN 978-0-7007-1129-1.
  • [5] ADVANCED CHINESE GRAMMAR
  • Chinese Grammar Wiki All Set Learning
  • [6] Chinese Grammar (Wikipedia)

Morphology

  • Dai, John Xiangling. (1992). Chinese morphology and its interface with the syntax. Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, Columbus
  • Duanmu, San. (1998). “Wordhood in Chinese”. New approaches to Chinese word formation: Morphology, phonology and the lexicon in modern and ancient Chinese
  • Feng, Shengli. (1998). Prosodic structure and compound words in classical Chinese. In New approaches to Chinese word formation: morphology, phonology and the lexicon in modern and ancient Chinese
  • Lu, Zhi-wei. (1965). Hànyǔ de goùcí fǎ (Chinese morphology). Peking: Kēxué Publishing Co.
  • Matthews, Peter Hugoe. (1991). Morphology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Packard, Jerome Lee. (2000). The Morphology of Chinese: A Linguistic and Cognitive Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Tang, Ting-chi. (1989). Hànyǔ cífǎ jùfǎ lùjí (Studies on Chinese morphology and syntax). Taipei: Taiwan Xīnxuéshēng Book Co.
  • Zhu, Jia-ning. (1999). Hànyǔ cíhuì xué (Chinese morphology). Taipei: Wǔnán Túshū Publishing Co
  • Chinese Morphology: An Exploratory Study of Second Language Learners’ Acquisition of Compounds National Chengchi University, Taiwan
  • Morphology Chinese 101 101 Languages

Dictionaries

Monolingual
Multilingual
  • Lin, Y. (1972). Lin Yutang's Chinese-English Dictionary of Modern Usage, The Chinese University of Hong Kong,
  • Simon, W. (1975). A Beginners' Chinese-English Dictionary Of The National Language (Gwoyeu): Fourth Revised Edition, Lund Humphries, (London)
  • [7] Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary, English-Chinese (traditional)
  • [8] English-Chinese Online Dictionary - TigerNT
  • [9] MDBG English to Chinese dictionary
  • [10] Multilingual Chinese Dictionary
Wordlists

Miscellaneous

  • Bradley, David. (1992). "Chinese as a pluricentric language". In Clyne, Michael G. Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 305–324. ISBN 978-3-11-012855-0.
  • Chao, Yuen-ren. (1948). Mandarin Primer. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
  • Chen, Ping. (1999). Modern Chinese: History and sociolinguistics, New York: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-0-521-64572-0.
  • Chen, Yeh-ning, Shu-mei Wang, and Tsui-yin Lu. (2001). Practical Audio-Visual Chinese. Taipei: Zhèngzhūng Book Co
  • Coblin, W. South. (2000). "A brief history of Mandarin", Journal of the American Oriental Society 120 (4): 537–552, JSTOR 606615.
  • Duanmu, San. (1999). Stress and the development of disyllabic vocabulary in Chinese. Diachronica XVI: 1.1-35.
  • Duanmu, San. (2007). The phonology of standard Chinese (2nd ed.), Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-921579-9.
  • Escure, Geneviève. (1997). Creole and dialect continua: standard acquisition processes in Belize and China (PRC), John Benjamins, ISBN 978-90-272-5240-1.
  • Hsia, T. (1956). China's Language Reforms, Far Eastern Publications, Yale University, (New Haven)
  • Kaske, Elisabeth. (2008). The politics of language in Chinese education, 1895–1919, BRILL, ISBN 978-90-04-16367-6.
  • Kratochvil, Paul. (1968). The Chinese Language Today: Features of an Emerging Standard. London: Hutchinson.
  • Kurpaska, Maria. (2010). Chinese Language(s): A Look Through the Prism of "The Great Dictionary of Modern Chinese Dialects", Walter de Gruyter, ISBN 978-3-11-021914-2.
  • Lehmann, W.P. (ed.). (1975). Language & Linguistics in the People's Republic of China, University of Texas Press, (Austin)
  • Milsky, C., (January–March 1973). "New Developments in Language Reform", The China Quarterly, No.53, pp. 98–133.
  • Pollock, Jean-Yves. (1989). Verb movement, Universal Grammar, and the structure of IP. Linguistic Inquiry 20:365-424.
  • Qiu, Xigui. (2000). Chinese Writing, trans. Gilbert Louis Mattos and Jerry Norman, Society for the Study of Early China and Institute of East Asian Studies, University of California, Berkeley, ISBN 978-1-55729-071-7.
  • Schuessler, Axel. (2007). ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, ISBN 978-0-8248-2975-9.
  • Selkirk, Elisabeth. (1982). The syntax of words. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press.
  • Seybolt, P.J. & Chiang, G.K. (eds.). (1979). Language Reform in China: Documents and Commentary, M.E. Sharpe, (White Plains), ISBN 978-0-87332-081-8.
  • Zhang, Bennan; Yang, Robin R. (2004). "Putonghua education and language policy in postcolonial Hong Kong", in Zhou, Minglang (ed.), Language policy in the People's Republic of China: theory and practice since 1949, Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 143–161, ISBN 978-1-4020-8038-8.
  • American Oriental Society
  • Chinese Language and Gender On-line Bibliography
  • Chinese Language website
  • Classical Chinese texts Chinese Text Project
  • East Asia and Southeast Asia: An Annotated Directory of Internet Resources.
  • European Association of Chinese Linguistics
  • International Association of Chinese Linguistics
  • Language borrowing Why so little Chinese in English? The Economist. June 6, 2013.
  • Mandarin Chinese children's story in simplified Chinese showing the stroke order for every character
  • Marjorie Chan's ChinaLinks at the Ohio State University with hundreds of links to Chinese related web pages
  • North American Conference on Chinese Linguistics
  • The Authentic Way to Study Mandarin Chinese
  • Standard Chinese (Wikipedia, English)
  • 官話 (Wikipedia, Classical Chinese)
  • 华语 (Wikipedia, Simplified Chinese)
  • World Chinese Language Association

Corpora

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