The Caucasus is home to a number of languages and language families. The term "Languages of the Caucasus" is mostly a geographic grouping and does not imply anything about the relatedness of the languages or even their similarity (due to processes like language contact). A division may be made between North Caucasus languages and South Caucasus languages. North Caucasus languages include Kumyk, Nogay, Karachay-Balkar, Avar, Chechen, Kabardian, Lak, Lezgian, Ossetian, Abkhaz, Adyghe, Ingushetian, etc., while South Caucasus languages include Georgian, Azeri, and Armenian.
Status
kum, nog, krc, ava, che, oss, abk, ady, inh, kbd, lbe, lez, kat, aze, hye
Transducers
Languages by family
Existing language pairs
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kum |
nog |
krc |
ava |
che |
oss |
abk |
ady |
inh |
kat |
aze |
hye
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| kum |
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| nog |
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- |
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| krc |
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- |
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| ava |
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- |
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| che |
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- |
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| oss |
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- |
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| abk |
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- |
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| ady |
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| inh |
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| kat |
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| aze |
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| hye |
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-
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| eng |
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hye-eng
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| kaz |
kaz-kum
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nog-kaz
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| rus |
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ava-rus
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| tur |
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tur-aze
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Endangerment
| Language
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ISO639-3
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Location
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Speakers
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Status
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| Ethnologue
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UNESCO
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| Nogay
|
nog
|
Russian Federation
|
87,410
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5 (Developing)
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2 (Definitely endangered)
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| Kumyk
|
kum
|
Russian Federation
|
426,550
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5 (Developing)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Ossetic
|
oss
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Georgia, Russian Federation
|
577,450
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5 (Developing)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Kabardian
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kbd
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Russian Federation, Turkey
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1,628,500
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5 (Developing)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Lak
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lbe
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Russian Federation
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153,170
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4 (Educational)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Karachay-Balkar
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krc
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Russian Federation
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310,730
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4 (Educational)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Ingush
|
inh
|
Russian Federation
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322,900
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4 (Educational)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Avar
|
ava
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Russian Federation
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761,960
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4 (Educational)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Lezgi
|
lez
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Azerbaijan, Russian Federation
|
788,720
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4 (Educational)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Abkhaz
|
abk
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Georgia, Russian Federation, Turkey
|
112,740
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2 (Provincial)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Adyghe
|
ady
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Iraq, Israel, Jordan, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Russian Federation, Syrian Arab Republic, Turkey
|
491,800
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2 (Provincial)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Chechen
|
che
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Russian Federation
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1,361,000
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2 (Provincial)
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1 (Vulnerable)
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| Georgian
|
kat
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Georgia
|
4,237,710
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1 (National)
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-
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| Armenian
|
hye
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Armenia & Georgia, Russian Federation
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5,924,320
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1 (National)
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3 (Severely endangered)
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| Azerbaijani, Northern
|
azj
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Azerbaijan
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7,324,270
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1 (National)
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-
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Examples
| Language |
Text
|
| Ossetian |
Адӕймӕгтӕ се' ппӕт дӕр райгуырынц сӕрибарӕй ӕмӕ ӕмхуызонӕй сӕ барты. Уыдон ӕххӕст сты зонд ӕмӕ намысӕй, ӕмӕ кӕрӕдзийӕн хъуамӕ уой ӕфсымӕрты хуызӕн.
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| Abkhaz |
Дарбанзаалак ауаҩы дшоуп ихы дақәиҭны. Ауаа зегь зинлеи патулеи еиҟароуп. Урҭ ирымоуп ахшыҩи аламыси, дара дарагь аешьеи аешьеи реиҧш еизыҟазароуп.
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| Georgian |
ყველა ადამიანი იბადება თავისუფალი და თანასწორი თავისი ღირსებითა და უფლებებით. მათ მინიჭებული აქვთ გონება და სინდისი და ერთმანეთის მიმართ უნდა იქცეოდნენ ძმობის სულისკვეთებით.
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| Armenian |
Բոլոր մարդիկ ծնվում են ազատ ու հավասար իրենց արժանապատվությամբ ու իրավունքներով։ Նրանք ունեն բանականություն ու խիղճ և միմյանց պետք է եղբայրաբար վերաբերվեն։
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