Replacement for flag diacritics

People like to use flag diacritics for stuff. But they are bad because they are ugly and get in the way of stuff.

Alternative: Use distinct symbols with well defined behaviours and finite-state operations!

We have < and > for morphological tags, and { and } for archiphonemes and morphological features. We add a new type of symbol with [ and ] for modelling morphotactic restrictions.

Examples

Turkish

Multichar_Symbols

%<v%> %<cop%> %<tv%> %<aor%> %<prog%> %<p1%> %<p3%> %<sg%>

%[%-aor%] %[%+aor%]

%+ ;

LEXICON Root

Verbs ; 

LEXICON PERS

%<p1%>%<sg%>:im # ;
%<p3%>%<sg%>: # ;

LEXICON COP

%+i%<cop%>%<aor%>%[%+aor%]: PERS ;

LEXICON V-TV 

%<v%>%<tv%>%<aor%>%[%+aor%]:ir PERS ;
%<v%>%<tv%>%<aor%>%[%+aor%]:ir COP ;
%<v%>%<tv%>%<prog%>%[%-aor%]:iyor COP ;

LEXICON Verbs 

bil:bil V-TV ; ! ""

Alphabet

 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 

 %<v%> %<tv%> %<prog%> %<aor%> %<p1%> %<p2%> %<p3%> %<sg%> %<cop%>

 %[%+aor%]:0  %[%-aor%]:0  ;

Sets 

Verb = %<v%> ;

Rules 

"No consecutive [+aor] tags"
%[%+aor%]:0 /<= %[%+aor%]:0 :* _ ; 

$ hfst-lexc test.lexc | hfst-invert -o test.hfst
$ hfst-twolc test-const.twol -o const.hfst
$ hfst-compose-intersect -1 test.hfst -2 const.hfst | hfst-fst2strings 

biliyorim:bil<v><tv><prog>+i<cop><aor><p1><sg>
biliyor:bil<v><tv><prog>+i<cop><aor><p3><sg>
bilirim:bil<v><tv><aor><p1><sg>
bilir:bil<v><tv><aor><p3><sg>

Persian

Multichar_Symbols

%<v%> %<tv%> %<pri%> %<cni%> %<prs%> %<p1%> %<p3%> %<sg%>

%[%-prs%] %[%+prs%] %[%-cni%] %[%+cni%]


%+

LEXICON Root

Prefix ; 

LEXICON Prefix

%[%+prs%]%[%-cni%]:be Verbs ; 
%[%-prs%]%[%+cni%]:mi Verbs ; 

%[%-prs%]%[%-cni%]: Verbs ;

LEXICON PERS

%<p1%>%<sg%>:im # ;
%<p3%>%<sg%>: # ;

LEXICON V-TV 

%<v%>%<tv%>%<cni%>%[%+cni%]%[%-prs%]: PERS ;
%<v%>%<tv%>%<prs%>%[%-cni%]%[%+prs%]: PERS ;
%<v%>%<tv%>%<pri%>%[%-cni%]%[%-prs%]: PERS ;

LEXICON Verbs

kardan:kard V-TV ; ! ""

$ cat prefix-const.twol

Alphabet

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z 

%<v%> %<tv%> %<p1%> %<p3%> %<sg%> %<pri%> %<prs%> %<cni%>

%[%+prs%]:0  %[%-prs%]:0  %[%+cni%]:0  %[%-cni%]:0 

Sets

Verb = %<v%> ;

Rules

"Match prefixes" Tx:0 /<= Ty:0 :* _ ;

  where 
        Tx in ( %[%+cni%] %[%+prs%] %[%-cni%] %[%-prs%] )   
        Ty in ( %[%-cni%] %[%-prs%] %[%+cni%] %[%+prs%] )  matched ; 

$ hfst-lexc prefix.lexc | hfst-invert -o prefix.hfst
$ hfst-twolc prefix-const.twol -o prefix-const.hfst
$ hfst-compose-intersect -1 prefix.hfst -2 prefix-const.hfst | hfst-fst2strings 

bekardim:kardan<v><tv><prs><p1><sg>
bekard:kardan<v><tv><prs><p3><sg>
kardim:kardan<v><tv><pri><p1><sg>
kard:kardan<v><tv><pri><p3><sg>
mikardim:kardan<v><tv><cni><p1><sg>
mikard:kardan<v><tv><cni><p3><sg>