Morphology of Tatar language

Phonology

Vowel harmony

See Wikipedia

Rounding harmony isn't represented in writing.

Number

{L}{A}р           Plural

Rules	surface forms of -/{L}{A}р/	Examples	Gloss
Ends with nasal consonants (м, н, ң)	-нар/-нәр	урам+нар, дошман+нар,таң+нар	streets,enemies,dawns
Ends with anything else	-лар/-ләр	бала+лар,кыз+лар,китап+лар,юләр+ләр	children,girls,books,fools

Rules needed for this to work

Noun morphology

Missing rules

Noun Person, Possessives

() = after vowel, [] = after consonant, {} = archivowel/consonant

({I})м,                  1sg
({I})ң,                  2sg
[с]{I},                  3sg 
({I})б{I}з,              1pl
({I})г{I}з,              2pl
[с]{I} or {L}{A}р{I}     3pl

Note: -лары/-ләре, -нары/-нәре can have several meanings:

• Әниләре өйдә юк. - Their mother is not at home.
• Аның малайлары да үзенә охшаган. - His sons are just like him. (In this case {L}{A}р{I} is a combination of the plural suffix {L}{A}р and the 3 person singular possessive suffix [с]{I})
• аларның сүзләре - their words

1st Person Possessives

Singular/Plural	Suffix	Example	Gloss
Singular	-ым becomes -м if ends with vowel	ат+ым,бала+м	my horse, my son
Plural	-ыбыз becomes -быз if ends with vowel	ат+ыбыз,бала+быз	our horse, our son

2nd Person Possessive

Singular/Plural	Suffix	Example	Gloss
Singular	-ың becomes -ң if ends with vowel	ат+ың,бала+ң	your horse, your son
Plural	-ыгыз becomes -гыз if ends with vowel	ат+ыгыз,бала+гыз	your horse,your son

3rd Person Possessive

Singular/Plural	Suffix	Example	Gloss
--	-ы becomes -сы when following vowel	ат+ы,бала+сы	his horse, his son

General Possessive

Singular/Plural	Suffix	Example	Gloss
--	-ныкы/-неке	бала+ныкы,дәүләтнеке	child's,state's, (as their own NPs)

Noun cases

Case Name	Suffixes
absolute	---
genitive	-ның/-нең
dative	-га/-гә, -ка/-кә
definite-accusative	-ны/-не
ablative	-дан/-дән, -тан/-тән, -нан/-нән
locative	-да/-дә, -та/-тә

See also

• Morphology of Kyrgyz language