Freeling

Note: After Apertium's migration to GitHub, this tool is read-only on the SourceForge repository and does not exist on GitHub. If you are interested in migrating this tool to GitHub, see Migrating tools to GitHub.

Freeling is a suite of language processing tools, including a tokeniser, sentence splitter, morphological analyser, sense tagger, named-entity recogniser, chunker and dependency parser, etc. It is used for example in the Spanish→Basque MT system Matxin. Much of the work of the suite is also done in lttoolbox, constraint grammar and apertium, but in some cases data or tools from Freeling could be useful to apertium, and data from apertium could be useful to Freeling.

Tools

There are some scripts in apertium SVN (module apertium-tools/freeling) for converting between apertium formats and Freeling formats.

• dix-to-maco.py -- Convert between an lttoolbox expanded dictionary and a Freeling 'maco' format full-form list.
• tagger-to-freeling.py -- Convert between the output of apertium-tagger to Freeling style tagged output.
• freeling-to-tagger.py -- Convert Freeling tagged output to apertium tagged output.

Both scripts require a file with correspondences between apertium tags and PAROLE style tags. The following mappings exist:

• br-tags.parole.txt -- Mappings between apertium tags and PAROLE tags for Breton
• cy-tags.parole.txt -- Mappings between apertium tags and PAROLE tags for Welsh
• es-tags.parole.txt -- Mappings between apertium tags and PAROLE tags for Spanish

Examples

Say for example we want to analyse and tag a text with apertium format, and then convert to Freeling format in order to perform a chunking.

$ echo "Bro gozh ma zadoù" | lt-proc br-fr.automorf.bin  | cg-proc br-fr.rlx.bin  | apertium-tagger -p -g br-fr.prob  

^Bro/Bro<n><f><sg>$ ^gozh/kozh<adj><mf><sp>$ ^ma/ma<det><pos><mf><sp>$ ^zadoù/tad<n><m><pl>$

$ echo "Bro gozh ma zadoù" | lt-proc br-fr.automorf.bin  | cg-proc br-fr.rlx.bin  | apertium-tagger -p -g br-fr.prob  | \
  tagger-to-freeling.py parole-tags.txt 

Bro Bro NCFSV0
gozh kozh AQ0CN0
ma ma DP0CN0
zadoù tad NCMPV0

$ echo "Bro gozh ma zadoù" | lt-proc br-fr.automorf.bin  | cg-proc br-fr.rlx.bin  | apertium-tagger -p -g br-fr.prob  | \
  tagger-to-freeling.py parole-tags.txt | fl-chunker -f br.cfg

sn_[
  +grup-n_[
    +(Bro Bro NCFSV0 -)
     (gozh kozh AQ0CN0 -)
    ]
  ]
  det_[
    +(ma ma DP0CN0 -)
  ]
  grup-n_[
    +(zadoù tad NCMPV0 -)
  ]
]

Or perhaps we want to analyse and tag directly with a Freeling analyser generated from an lttoolbox dictionary:

$ echo "Bro gozh ma zadoù" | fl-morph -f br.cfg
Bro bro NCFSV0 0.992647   0.00735294
gozh kozh AQ0CN0 0.975   0.025
ma ma NCMSV0 0.934028 ma DP0CN0 0.0590278 ma CS 0.00347222   0.00347222
zadoù tad NCMPV0 0.992647   0.00735294

$ echo "Bro gozh ma zadoù" | fl-morph -f br.cfg | fl-tagger -f br.cfg 
Bro bro NCFSV0 0.992647
gozh kozh AQ0CN0 0.975
ma ma NCMSV0 0.934028
zadoù tad NCMPV0 0.992647

(Note: In this example, the tagging is erroneous, resulting from a poorly trained HMM).

Todo

• Extraction of multiword units into locucion.dat file.

Installing from SVN

See their docs.

Mac OS X

Install the prerequisites with Macports:

sudo port install boost pcre db46

For the configure stage on a Mac, I had to use:

env LDFLAGS=-L/opt/local/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/local/include ./configure

for omlet and fries, and

env LDFLAGS="-L/opt/local/lib -L/opt/local/lib/db46" CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/local/include -I/opt/local/include/boost -I/opt/local/include/db46" ./configure

for freeling. Additionally, I had to do the following:

ln -s /opt/local/lib/libboost_filesystem-mt.a  /opt/local/lib/libboost_filesystem.a
ln -s /opt/local/lib/libboost_filesystem-mt.dylib  /opt/local/lib/libboost_filesystem.dylib

...since apparently they're the same.

Also, to install the data, I had to change the lines in freeling/data/Makefile.am that looked like

asdata_DATA = es/*

into

asdata_DATA = es/*.*

since otherwise install complained about there being subdirectories (install: ./as/dep: Inappropriate file type or format make[2]: *** [install-asdataDATA] Error 71 make[1]: *** [install-am] Error 2make: *** [install-recursive] Error 1).

Now you should get something like this:

$ echo es muy importante| FREELINGSHARE=/usr/local/share/FreeLing/ analyzer -f /usr/local/share/FreeLing/config/es.cfg 
es es RG 0.181644
muy muy RG 1
importante importante AQ0CS0 1

External links

• FreeLing Home Page
• the Ubuntu NLP Repository contains a packaged version for Debian-based distributions.