Difference between revisions of "Morphology of Turkmen"
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! !! nouns !! verbs !! nouns !! verbs !! nouns !! verbs |
! !! nouns !! verbs !! nouns !! verbs !! nouns !! verbs |
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|- |
|- |
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! p |
! p/b |
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|valign="top"| mekdep<br />sebäp<br />kitap<br />jogap |
|valign="top"| mekdep<br />sebäp<br />kitap<br />jogap |
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|valign="top"| |
|valign="top"| |
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|valign="top"| tarap |
|valign="top"| tarap |
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|valign="top"| ýap<br />tap<br />çap<br />sep |
|valign="top"| ýap<br />tap<br />çap<br />sep |
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|valign="top"| |
|valign="top"| klub |
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|valign="top"| |
|valign="top"| |
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|- |
|- |
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! t |
! t/d |
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|valign="top"| zat |
|valign="top"| zat |
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|valign="top"| et<br />git<br />döret<br />aýt |
|valign="top"| et<br />git<br />döret<br />aýt |
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|valign="top"| döwlet |
|valign="top"| döwlet |
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|valign="top"| ýat<br />ýet |
|valign="top"| ýat<br />ýet |
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|valign="top"| metod<br />milliard<br />wodoprowod<br />wodorod<br />wzwod |
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|valign="top"| |
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|valign="top"| |
|valign="top"| sorkuld |
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|- |
|- |
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! ç |
! ç/j |
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|valign="top"| güýç<br />gylyç |
|valign="top"| güýç<br />gylyç |
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|valign="top"| |
|valign="top"| |
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|valign="top"| goç<br />saç |
|valign="top"| goç<br />saç |
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|valign="top"| iç<br />seç |
|valign="top"| iç<br />seç |
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|valign="top"| |
|valign="top"| massaj(?) |
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|valign="top"| |
|valign="top"| |
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|- |
|- |
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! k |
! k/g |
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|valign="top"| pişik<br />töwerek<br />demirgazyk<br />hukuk |
|valign="top"| pişik<br />töwerek<br />demirgazyk<br />hukuk |
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|valign="top"| ýyk<br />ýak |
|valign="top"| ýyk<br />ýak |
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|valign="top"| aşak |
|valign="top"| aşak |
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|valign="top"| bak |
|valign="top"| bak |
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|valign="top"| sorag<br />ulag<br />çig<br />çyg<br />dolag<br />gyssag<br />dag |
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|valign="top"| |
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|valign="top"| deg<br />sög<br />çig<br />eg<br />ýyg<br />bog<br />çog<br />çyzg<br />dog-<br />sag-<br />syg<br />ýag |
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|valign="top"| |
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Revision as of 07:08, 11 April 2012
Verb-final voicing
p | t | k | ç | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ýapmak | ýapyp ýap>{U}p |
etmek | edip et>{U}p |
bakmak | bakýar bak>ý{Ä}r |
içmek | içip iç>{U}p |
list
Voicing doesn't happen
- p
ýap>{U}p
:ýapyp- sebäp>d{A}n sebäpden
- tarap>{s}{I}{n}>{D}{A}n:tarapyndan
- tap>{U}p:tapyp
- çap>{U}p:çapyp
- sep>{U}p:sepip
- t
- ýat>{U}p: ýatyp
- ýet>{U}p: ýetip
- et>m{A}k etmek
- döwlet>s{Y}n>n{Y} döwletini
- ç
iç>{U}p
:içip- goç>{s}{I}{n}:goçy
- seç>{U}p:seçip
- saç>{s}{I}{n}:saçy
- k
bak>ý{Ä}r
:bakýar- pişik>l{A}r:pişikler
- aşak>{s}{Y}{n}:aşaky
Voicing happens
- p
- mekdep>{s}{Y}{n} mekdebi
- sebäp>{s}{Y}{n}>{N}{Y} sebäbini
- kitap>{s}{Y}{n}>{A} kitabyna
- jogap>{s}{Y}{n} jogaby
- tep>{U}p tebip
- t
et>{U}p
:edip- et>ý{Ä}r edýär
- git>{U}p gidip
- döret>{U}p döredip
- aýt>{U}p aýdyp
- zat>{s}{I}{n}:zady
- ç
- güýç>{s}{I}{n}:güýji
- gylyç>{s}{I}{n}:gylyjy
- k
- pişik>({N}){I}ň:pişigiň
- töwerek>{s}{Y}{n}töweregi
- demirgazyk>{s}{Y}{n}>{D}{A}:demirgazygynda
- hukuk>{s}{Y}{n}:hukugy
- ýak>{U}p:ýagyp
- ýyk>{U}p:ýygyp
As a table
Assuming it's intervocalic (+before ý{Ä}r), we get
voiced | between vowels | never | always | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
unvoiced | syllable-finally | always | never | |||
nouns | verbs | nouns | verbs | nouns | verbs | |
p/b | mekdep sebäp kitap jogap |
tarap | ýap tap çap sep |
klub | ||
t/d | zat | et git döret aýt |
döwlet | ýat ýet |
metod milliard wodoprowod wodorod wzwod |
sorkuld |
ç/j | güýç gylyç |
goç saç |
iç seç |
massaj(?) | ||
k/g | pişik töwerek demirgazyk hukuk |
ýyk ýak |
aşak | bak | sorag ulag çig çyg dolag gyssag dag |
deg sög çig eg ýyg bog çog çyzg dog- sag- syg ýag |