Difference between revisions of "Sorani/Verbs"
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==Ergativity and Pronouns== |
==Ergativity and Pronouns== |
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Present: (prefix or first part of compound)-PATIENT-verb-AGREEMENT, e.g. ''di''-'''t'''-bîn-''im'' |
Present: (prefix or first part of compound)-PATIENT-verb-AGREEMENT, e.g. ''di''-'''t'''-bîn-''im'' |
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ditbînim will translate to "I see you" or "I am seeing you." The verb can be analyzed as tu<clt> + dîtin<pri><p1><sg> |
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Past: AGENT-verb-PATIENT or verb-AGENT-PATIENT (if there is nothing for the agent to attach to before the verb root, e.g. a negative prefix, '''na'''-''m''-khward-''it'' |
Past: AGENT-verb-PATIENT or verb-AGENT-PATIENT (if there is nothing for the agent to attach to before the verb root, e.g. a negative prefix, '''na'''-''m''-khward-''it'' |
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Since we don't want to put syntax in analysis, the clitics could simply be output in order, and transfer rules written accordingly. |
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==Present Patterns, |
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==Past Patterns and Implicit Objects== |
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It would be the best to have the same pattern output regardless of clitic, for the sake of transfer. The third person singular as object is implied when there is no pronominal clitic or other nominal as an object, as shown in the first examples of the table. Agents are marked in bold, patients in italic. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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! English |
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! Sorani |
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! Partition |
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! Partition Gloss |
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|- |
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| I saw him |
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| dîti'''m''' |
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| min + dîtin.PAST.3-SG |
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| I + see.PAST.3-SG |
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|- |
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| I didn't see him |
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| na'''m'''dît |
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| min + dîtin.NEG.PAST.3-SG |
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| I + see.NEG.PAST.3-SG |
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|- |
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| I ate the apple |
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| Sêvaka'''m''' khward |
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| Sêv + min<clt> + khwardin.PAST.3-SG |
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| Apple + I + eat.PAST.3-SG |
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|} |
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This notation is particularly convenient because it matches the idea of ergativity. Light and compound verbs are not as clear with regards to how they should be segmented, for now they will be done similarly to the verbs shown above. |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- |
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! English |
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! Sorani |
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! Partition |
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! Partition Gloss |
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|- |
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| I called him |
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| bang'''im''' kird |
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| min + bang kirdin.PAST.3-SG |
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| I + see.PAST.3-SG |
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|- |
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| I called my friend |
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| ''rafikakam'''''im''' bang kird |
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| rafik.DEF.SG.POSS-1SG + min + bang kirdin.PAST.3-SG |
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| friend + I + call.PAST.3-SG |
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|- |
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|} |
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If the text or speaker is somewhat creative with the nominal part of the LVC, then it will probably be analyzed as a separate nominal analytically with the non-LVC version of the verb. |
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Latest revision as of 12:40, 1 October 2016
The particular details of Sorani verbs would probably not fit on a general-purpose analyzer/translation page.
Copulae[edit]
Present positive copulae are split, matching the negative ones.
Ergativity and Pronouns[edit]
Present: (prefix or first part of compound)-PATIENT-verb-AGREEMENT, e.g. di-t-bîn-im
ditbînim will translate to "I see you" or "I am seeing you." The verb can be analyzed as tu<clt> + dîtin<pri><p1><sg>
Past: AGENT-verb-PATIENT or verb-AGENT-PATIENT (if there is nothing for the agent to attach to before the verb root, e.g. a negative prefix, na-m-khward-it
Since we don't want to put syntax in analysis, the clitics could simply be output in order, and transfer rules written accordingly. ==Present Patterns,
Past Patterns and Implicit Objects[edit]
It would be the best to have the same pattern output regardless of clitic, for the sake of transfer. The third person singular as object is implied when there is no pronominal clitic or other nominal as an object, as shown in the first examples of the table. Agents are marked in bold, patients in italic.
| English | Sorani | Partition | Partition Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| I saw him | dîtim | min + dîtin.PAST.3-SG | I + see.PAST.3-SG |
| I didn't see him | namdît | min + dîtin.NEG.PAST.3-SG | I + see.NEG.PAST.3-SG |
| I ate the apple | Sêvakam khward | Sêv + min<clt> + khwardin.PAST.3-SG | Apple + I + eat.PAST.3-SG |
This notation is particularly convenient because it matches the idea of ergativity. Light and compound verbs are not as clear with regards to how they should be segmented, for now they will be done similarly to the verbs shown above.
| English | Sorani | Partition | Partition Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| I called him | bangim kird | min + bang kirdin.PAST.3-SG | I + see.PAST.3-SG |
| I called my friend | rafikakamim bang kird | rafik.DEF.SG.POSS-1SG + min + bang kirdin.PAST.3-SG | friend + I + call.PAST.3-SG |
If the text or speaker is somewhat creative with the nominal part of the LVC, then it will probably be analyzed as a separate nominal analytically with the non-LVC version of the verb.
