Difference between revisions of "Turkic languages/Ki"
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Firespeaker (talk | contribs) (Khalkha!) |
Firespeaker (talk | contribs) (Chv) |
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* {{slc|kaz}} -DAGI |
* {{slc|kaz}} -DAGI |
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* {{slc|kir}} -DAGI |
* {{slc|kir}} -DAGI |
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* {{slc|uzb}} -dagi |
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* {{slc|tur}} -DAki |
* {{slc|tur}} -DAki |
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* {{slc| |
* {{slc|sah}} -TAAGI |
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* {{slc|chv}} -Tи |
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* {{slc|khk}} dAx(ʲ) |
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* {{slc|kaz}} |
* {{slc|kaz}} Бақша'''дағы''' ағаштар |
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* {{slc|kir}} |
* {{slc|kir}} Бакча'''дагы''' дарактар |
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* {{slc| |
* {{slc|uzb}} Bog'cha'''dagi''' daraxtlar |
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* {{slc|tur}} Bahçe'''deki''' ağaçlar |
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* {{slc|sah}} Сад'''тааҕы''' мастар |
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* {{slc|chv}} Сад'''ри''' йываҫсем |
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* {{slc|khk}} Цэцэрлэг '''дэхь''' моднууд |
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|- |
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! substantival genitive |
! substantival genitive |
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* {{slc|kaz}} -Niki(n) |
* {{slc|kaz}} -Niki(n) |
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* {{slc|kir}} -NIKI(n) |
* {{slc|kir}} -NIKI(n) |
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* {{slc|uzb}} -niki |
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* {{slc|tur}} -(n)Inki(n) |
* {{slc|tur}} -(n)Inki(n) |
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* {{slc|sah}} — |
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* {{slc|chv}} -(Ӑ)нни? |
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* {{slc|khk}} -nIx/-Inx |
* {{slc|khk}} -nIx/-Inx |
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* {{slc|kaz}} Сол ағаш біз'''дікі''' |
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* {{slc|kir}} Ошол дарак биз'''дики''' |
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* {{slc|uzb}} Shu daraxt biz'''niki''' |
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* {{slc|tur}} Şu ağaç biz'''imki''' |
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* {{slc|chv}} Ҫав йываҫ пир'''ĕнни''' |
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* {{slc|khk}} Тэр мод бид'''нийх''' |
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! attributive ~time adverbs |
! attributive ~time adverbs |
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* {{slc|kaz}} -GI |
* {{slc|kaz}} -GI |
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* {{slc|kir}} -KI |
* {{slc|kir}} -KI |
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* {{slc|uzb}} -gi |
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* {{slc|tur}} -ki/-kI |
* {{slc|tur}} -ki/-kI |
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* {{slc| |
* {{slc|sah}} -ŋI/-GI |
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* {{slc|chv}} -хи |
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* {{slc|khk}} -х |
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* {{slc|kaz}} бүгін'''гі''', былтыр'''ғы''' |
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* {{slc|kir}} бүгүн'''кү''', былтыр'''кы''' |
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* {{slc|uzb}} bugun'''gi''', bultur'''gi''' |
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* {{slc|tur}} bugün'''kü''', geçen yıl'''ki''' |
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* {{slc|sah}} бүгүҥ'''ҥү''', былырыыҥ'''ҥы''' |
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* {{slc|chv}} паян'''хи''', пĕлтĕр'''хи''' |
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* {{slc|khk}} өмнө'''х''', дараа'''х''' |
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|- |
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! relative thingy |
! relative thingy |
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* {{slc|kaz}} — |
* {{slc|kaz}} — |
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* {{slc|kir}} — |
* {{slc|kir}} — |
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* {{slc|uzb}} ki? |
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* {{slc|tur}} ki |
* {{slc|tur}} ki |
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* {{slc|sah}} — |
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* {{slc|chv}} — |
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* {{slc|khk}} — |
* {{slc|khk}} — |
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* Tabii ki, ... |
* {{slc|tur}} Tabii ki, ... |
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* Dedim ki, ... |
* {{slc|tur}} Dedim ki, ... |
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* Sanırım (ki), ... |
* {{slc|tur}} Sanırım (ki), ... |
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=== Notes === |
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* Khalkha -x seems not to occur with temporal adverbs as in Turkic? In some Turkic languages this usage is quite productive, cf. forms like эртең мененки (<tt>kir</tt>). |
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* In Sakha, evidence for -ŋI is forms like бэҕэһээҥи, while evidence for -GI is forms like аныгы. In all other environments (except after vowels) it's impossible to distinguish the two (сарсыҥҥы, быйылгы, аныгыскы, etc.). |
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* What is кэнники (<tt>sah</tt>)? |
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* How do forms like биһиэнэ (<tt>sah</tt>) work, and can it apply to nouns? (Seems no?) |
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* The forms биһиги, эһиги might be remnants of <tag>gen</tag><tag>subst</tag>, but they are not used that way currently. |
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Latest revision as of 13:17, 13 September 2023
The various "ki"s in Turkic (and Mongolic!).
| usage | attaches to | resulting form | forms | examples |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| attributive locative | ~locative | <attr>
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| substantival genitive | ~genitive | <subst>
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| attributive ~time adverbs | closed set of adverbs (mostly time) | <attr>
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| relative thingy | finite phrase (adverb, verb) | lambda(adverb phrase)?? |
Notes[edit]
- Khalkha -x seems not to occur with temporal adverbs as in Turkic? In some Turkic languages this usage is quite productive, cf. forms like эртең мененки (kir).
- In Sakha, evidence for -ŋI is forms like бэҕэһээҥи, while evidence for -GI is forms like аныгы. In all other environments (except after vowels) it's impossible to distinguish the two (сарсыҥҥы, быйылгы, аныгыскы, etc.).
- What is кэнники (sah)?
- How do forms like биһиэнэ (sah) work, and can it apply to nouns? (Seems no?)
- The forms биһиги, эһиги might be remnants of <tag>gen</tag><tag>subst</tag>, but they are not used that way currently.
