Difference between revisions of "Hindi"

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==Tags==


{|class="wikitable"
|-
! Surface !! Lemma !! IIIT !! Apertium !! Notes
|-
| दौड <code>xOda</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.sg.p1.tam:0</code> || <code>vblex</code> || This is the 'root' or 'stem' I think.
|-
|-
| दौडना <code>xOdanA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.sg.p1.tam:nA</code> || <code>vblex.inf</code> || -nā is the ending for Infinitive/Gerund/Obligatory
|-
| || || <code>v.m.sg.p2.tam:nA</code> || <code>vblex.inf</code> ||
|-
| || || <code>v.m.sg.p3.tam:nA</code> || <code>vblex.inf</code> ||
|-
| || || <code>v.m.sg.p2_h.tam:nA</code> || <code>vblex.inf</code> ||
|-
|-
| दौड <code>xOda</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.sg.p2_h0.tam:imper</code> || <code>vblex.imp.p2.infml</code> || "imper" is for "imperative"
|-
| दौडो <code>xOdo</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.sg.p2_h1.tam:imper</code> || <code>vblex.imp.p2.fam</code> ||
|-
| दौडीये <code>xOdIye</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.sg.p2_h2.tam:imper</code> || <code>vblex.imp.p2.pol</code> ||
|-
|दौडूँगा <code>xOdUzgA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.sg.p1.tam:gA</code> || <code>vblex.prs.p1.sg+"ga".vblex.pp.m.sg</code> ||
|-
|दौडेगा <code>xOdegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.sg.p2.tam:gA</code> || <code>vblex.prs.p2.infml.sg+"ga".vblex.pp.m.sg</code> ||
|-
|दौडिएगा <code>xOdiegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.sg.p2_h.tam:gA</code> || <code>vblex.prs.p2.fam.sg+"ga".vblex.pp.m.sg</code> ||
|-
|दौडियेगा <code>xOdiyegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.sg.p2_h.tam:gA</code> || <code>vblex.prs.p2.pol.sg+"ga".vblex.pp.m.sg</code> ||
|-
|दौडेगा <code>xOdegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.sg.p3.tam:gA</code>|| <code>vblex.prs.p3.sg+"ga".vblex.pp.m.sg</code> ||
|-
|दौडेंगे <code>xOdeMge</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.pl.p3.tam:gA</code>|| <code>vblex.prs.p3.pl+"ga".vblex.pp.m.pl</code> ||
|-
|दौडोगे <code>xOdoge</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.pl.p2.tam:gA</code> || <code>vblex.prs.p2.infml.pl+"ga".vblex.pp.m.pl</code> ||
|-
|दौडिएगा <code>xOdiegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.pl.p2_h.tam:gA</code> || <code>vblex.prs.p2.fam.pl+"ga".vblex.pp.m.pl</code> ||
|-
|दौडियेगा <code>xOdiyegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.m.pl.p2_h.tam:gA</code> || <code>vblex.prs.p2.pol.pl+"ga".vblex.pp.m.pl</code> ||
|-
|दौडूँगी <code>xOdUzgI</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.sg.p1.tam:gA</code> || <code>vblex.prs.p1.sg+"ga".vblex.pp.f.sg</code> ||
|-
|दौडिएगा <code>xOdiegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.sg.p2_h.tam:gA</code> || ||
|-
|दौडियेगा <code>xOdiyegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.sg.p2_h.tam:gA</code> || ||
|-
|दौडोगी <code>xOdogI</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.pl.p2.tam:gA</code> || ||
|-
|दौडिएगा <code>xOdiegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.pl.p2_h.tam:gA</code>|| ||
|-
|दौडियेगा <code>xOdiyegA</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.pl.p2_h.tam:gA</code> || ||
|-
|दौडेगी <code>xOdegI</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.sg.p3.tam:gA</code>|| ||
|-
|दौडेंगी <code>xOdeMgI</code> || दौड <code>xOda</code> || <code>v.f.pl.p3.tam:gA</code> || ||
|-
|}


==Apertium Resources==
==Notes and questions==

=== Morphological transducer & disambiguator ===
* [[Apertium-hin]]
* [https://github.com/apertium/apertium-hin apertium-hin Github Repository]

=== Language pairs ===

====Trunk====
*[https://github.com/apertium/apertium-urd-hin?files=1 apertium-urd-hin] Linguistic data for the Apertium Urdu-Hindi machine translator

====Nursery====

*[https://github.com/apertium/apertium-eng-hin apertium-eng-hin] Linguistic data for the Apertium English-Hindi machine translator

====Incubator====

*[https://github.com/apertium/apertium-mar-hin?files=1 apertium-mar-hin] Linguistic data for the Apertium Marathi-Hindi machine translator
*[https://github.com/apertium/apertium-bn-hi apertium-bn-hi] Linguistic data for the Apertium Bangla-Hindi machine translator
*[https://github.com/apertium/apertium-hin-pan apertium-hin-pan] Linguistic data for the Apertium Punjabi-Hindi machine translator
*[https://github.com/apertium/apertium-guj-hin apertium-guj-hin] Linguistic data for the Apertium Gujarati-Hindi machine translator
*[https://github.com/apertium/apertium-as-hi apertium-as-hi] Linguistic data for the Apertium Assamese-Hindi machine translator
*[https://github.com/apertium/apertium-snd-hin apertium-snd-hin] Linguistic data for the Apertium Assamese-Hindi machine translator


==External Resources==

===General===

* [http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/C10-2147 Urdu and Hindi: Translation and sharing of linguistic resources]Copyright © 2018 ACM, Inc
* [http://www.cal.org/heritage/pdfs/voices-hindi-language.pdf Introduction to Hindi] ©2009 Center for Applied Linguistics
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313030658_Learning_of_Hindi_Phonology_as_a_Foreigner Learning of Hindi Phonology as a Foreigner] © Professor Ram Lakhan Meena
* [https://benjamins.com/catalog/loall.12 Hindi by Yamuna Kachru] © John Benjamins Publishing Company
* [https://www.jstor.org/stable/42931249 Problems In Developing Lexical Resources For Computing by Rita Mathur]
* [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0267190500000659 Contrastive Analysis of English and Hindi by Yamuna Kachru] © Cambridge University Press 1982



===Grammars===

* [http://www.koausa.org/iils/pdf/ModernHindiGrammar.pdf Modern Hindi Grammar, Omkar N. Koul] © 2008 by McNeil Technologies, Inc
* [http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/78191/11/11_chapter%204.pdf Grammatical & Inflectional Analysis of Hindi and Dogri]
* [https://surface.syr.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1170&context=suscholar The Oldest Grammar of Hindustani Tej K. Bhatia]
* [http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/langdiff/hindi.htm Differences between Hindi and Urdu Grammar] © Copyright Frankfurt International School
* Hindi Grammar and Reader by Ernest Bender





===Machine Translation===

* [https://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2014/485737/ Quantum Neural Network Based Machine Translator for Hindi to English] © 2014 Ravi Narayan et al Creative Commons Attribution License '''(Open Source)'''

*[http://web2py.iiit.ac.in/research_centres/publications/download/mastersthesis.pdf.af2224b7bc18088c.4b756e616c2d5468657369732d46696e616c2e706466.pdf Hindi to English Machine Translation, Kunal Sachdeva]

* [https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1702/1702.01587.pdf A Hybrid Approach For Hindi-English Machine Translation]

* [https://airccj.org/CSCP/vol7/csit77206.pdf Experiments On Different Recurrent Neural Networks For English-Hindi Machine Translation]

* [https://www.cse.iitb.ac.in/~pb/papers/eng-hindi-mt.pdf Interlingua based English-Hindi Machine Translation and Language Divergence]

* [http://aircconline.com/ijaia/V8N5/8517ijaia04.pdf Building An Effective MT System For English-Hindi Using RNNs Ruchit Agrawal & Dipti Misra Sharma]

* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319351932_Neural_Machine_Translation_of_Indian_Languages Neural Machine Translation of Indian Languages]


* [https://hlt.fbk.eu/sites/hlt.fbk.eu/files/prashant-mathur-camera-ready.pdf Automatic Translation of Nominal Compounds from English to Hindi by Prashant Mathur, Soma Paul]

* [https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.3992 Assessing the Quality of MT Systems for Hindi to English Translation Aditi Kalyani, Hemant Kumud, Shashi Pal Singh, Ajai Kumar]


====Languages Other than English====

* [http://h2p.learnpunjabi.org/ Hindi-Punjabi Machine Translation]
* [http://www.academia.edu/3275646/A_Hybrid_Approach_for_Bengali_to_Hindi_Machine_Translation A Hybrid Approach for Bengali to Hindi Machine Translation, Sanjay Chatterji]


===Morphology===

* [http://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0613/ijsrp-p18124.pdf Morphology: Indian Languages and European Languages (contains morphological information for both English and Hindi)]

* [http://web.stanford.edu/group/cslipublications/cslipublications/HPSG/2010/singh-sarma.pdf Hindi Noun Inflection and Distributed Morphology, Smriti Singh and Vaijayanthi M Sarma]

* [http://learnpunjabi.org/pdf/gslehal-pap21.pdf Hindi Morphological Analyzer and Generator]

* [http://aclweb.org/anthology/W12-2302 Hindi Derivational Morphological Analyzer]


===Dictionaries===

* http://hindi-english.org/ Released under GNU FDL ('''Open Source''')
* http://www.cfilt.iitb.ac.in/~hdict/webinterface_user/index.php Copyright - CFILT, CSE Department, IIT Bombay
* http://e-mahashabdkosh.rb-aai.in/ ©2008 Department of Official Language (DOL) and Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC). All rights reserved.
* http://www.aamboli.com/ Copyright 2018 © Aamboli.com
* [http://tdil-dc.in/index.php?option=com_download&task=showresourceDetails&toolid=1552&lang=en Bilingual Dictionary Marathi to Hindi]

====Multilingual====


* [http://troindia.in/journal/ijcesr/vol3isss9/74-80.pdf An English To Assamese, Bengali And Hindi Multilingual E-Dictionary]
* -gā (-gA) is probably definite future ending
* The future tense is formed by adding the suffix gā (~ ge ~ gī) to the subjunctive, which is a contraction of gaā (= gayā, perfective participle of jānā "to go").[30] The future suffix, conjunctive participle, and suffix vālā are treated as bound morphemes in written Hindi, but as separate words in written Urdu.[17] Again followed here is the example of Urdu, for easier reference.
* Why are all forms marked for person, gender and number even if they don't change ? e.g. conjunctive form is -kara which does not appear to inflect, but all of the forms are given.


==WX / Anusaaraka output==
<pre>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h0><tam:imper>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h0><tam:imper>
दौडो xOdo:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h1><tam:imper>
दौडो xOdo:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h1><tam:imper>
दौडो xOdo:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h1><tam:imper>
दौडो xOdo:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h1><tam:imper>
दौडीये xOdIye:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h2><tam:imper>
दौडीये xOdIye:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h2><tam:imper>
दौडीये xOdIye:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h2><tam:imper>
दौडीये xOdIye:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h2><tam:imper>
दौडना xOdanA:xOda<v><m><sg><p1><tam:nA> vblex.inf
दौडना xOdanA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2><tam:nA> vblex.inf
दौडना xOdanA:xOda<v><m><sg><p3><tam:nA> vblex.inf
दौडना xOdanA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:nA> vblex.inf
दौडने xOdane:xOda<v><m><pl><p1><tam:nA>
दौडने xOdane:xOda<v><m><pl><p2><tam:nA>
दौडने xOdane:xOda<v><m><pl><p3><tam:nA>
दौडने xOdane:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:nA>
दौडनी xOdanI:xOda<v><f><sg><p1><tam:nA>
दौडनी xOdanI:xOda<v><f><sg><p2><tam:nA>
दौडनी xOdanI:xOda<v><f><sg><p3><tam:nA>
दौडनी xOdanI:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:nA>
दौडनीं xOdanIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p1><tam:nA>
दौडनीं xOdanIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p2><tam:nA>
दौडनीं xOdanIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p3><tam:nA>
दौडनीं xOdanIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:nA>
दौडता xOdawA:xOda<v><m><sg><p1><tam:wA>
दौडता xOdawA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2><tam:wA>
दौडता xOdawA:xOda<v><m><sg><p3><tam:wA>
दौडता xOdawA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:wA>
दौडते xOdawe:xOda<v><m><pl><p1><tam:wA>
दौडते xOdawe:xOda<v><m><pl><p2><tam:wA>
दौडते xOdawe:xOda<v><m><pl><p3><tam:wA>
दौडते xOdawe:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:wA>
दौडती xOdawI:xOda<v><f><sg><p1><tam:wA>
दौडती xOdawI:xOda<v><f><sg><p2><tam:wA>
दौडती xOdawI:xOda<v><f><sg><p3><tam:wA>
दौडती xOdawI:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:wA>
दौडतीं xOdawIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p1><tam:wA>
दौडतीं xOdawIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p2><tam:wA>
दौडतीं xOdawIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p3><tam:wA>
दौडतीं xOdawIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:wA>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><sg><p1><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><sg><p2><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><sg><p3><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><pl><p1><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><pl><p2><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><pl><p3><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><sg><p1><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><sg><p2><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><sg><p3><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><pl><p1><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><pl><p2><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><pl><p3><tam:kara>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:kara>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><sg><p1><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><sg><p2><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><sg><p3><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><pl><p1><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><pl><p2><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><pl><p3><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><sg><p1><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><sg><p2><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><sg><p3><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><pl><p1><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><pl><p2><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><pl><p3><tam:0>
दौड xOda:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:0>
दौडा xOdA:xOda<v><m><sg><p1><tam:yA>
दौडा xOdA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2><tam:yA>
दौडा xOdA:xOda<v><m><sg><p3><tam:yA>
दौडा xOdA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:yA>
दौडा xOdA:xOda<v><m><sp><p1><tam:yA>
दौडा xOdA:xOda<v><m><sp><p2><tam:yA>
दौडा xOdA:xOda<v><m><sp><p3><tam:yA>
दौडा xOdA:xOda<v><m><sp><p2_h><tam:yA>
दौडे xOde:xOda<v><m><pl><p1><tam:yA>
दौडे xOde:xOda<v><m><pl><p2><tam:yA>
दौडे xOde:xOda<v><m><pl><p3><tam:yA>
दौडे xOde:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:yA>
दौडी xOdI:xOda<v><f><sg><p1><tam:yA>
दौडी xOdI:xOda<v><f><sg><p2><tam:yA>
दौडी xOdI:xOda<v><f><sg><p3><tam:yA>
दौडी xOdI:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:yA>
दौडी xOdI:xOda<v><f><sp><p1><tam:yA>
दौडी xOdI:xOda<v><f><sp><p2><tam:yA>
दौडी xOdI:xOda<v><f><sp><p3><tam:yA>
दौडी xOdI:xOda<v><f><sp><p2_h><tam:yA>
दौडीं xOdIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p1><tam:yA>
दौडीं xOdIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p2><tam:yA>
दौडीं xOdIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p3><tam:yA>
दौडीं xOdIM:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:yA>
दौडूँ xOdUz:xOda<v><m><sg><p1><tam:subj>
दौडूँ xOdUz:xOda<v><f><sg><p1><tam:subj>
दौडे xOde:xOda<v><m><sg><p2><tam:subj>
दौडे xOde:xOda<v><f><sg><p2><tam:subj>
दौडिए xOdie:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:subj>
दौडिए xOdie:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:subj>
दौडिये xOdiye:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:subj>
दौडिये xOdiye:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:subj>
दौडे xOde:xOda<v><m><sg><p3><tam:subj>
दौडे xOde:xOda<v><f><sg><p3><tam:subj>
दौडें xOdeM:xOda<v><m><pl><p1><tam:subj>
दौडें xOdeM:xOda<v><f><pl><p1><tam:subj>
दौडो xOdo:xOda<v><m><pl><p2><tam:subj>
दौडो xOdo:xOda<v><f><pl><p2><tam:subj>
दौडिए xOdie:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:subj>
दौडिए xOdie:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:subj>
दौडिये xOdiye:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:subj>
दौडिये xOdiye:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:subj>
दौडें xOdeM:xOda<v><m><pl><p3><tam:subj>
दौडें xOdeM:xOda<v><f><pl><p3><tam:subj>
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><sg><p1><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><sg><p2><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><sg><p3><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><pl><p1><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><pl><p2><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><pl><p3><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><sg><p1><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><sg><p2><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><sg><p3><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><pl><p1><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><pl><p2><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><pl><p3><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडकर xOdakara:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:kara> vblex.conj
दौडूँगा xOdUzgA:xOda<v><m><sg><p1><tam:gA>
दौडेगा xOdegA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2><tam:gA>
दौडिएगा xOdiegA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:gA>
दौडियेगा xOdiyegA:xOda<v><m><sg><p2_h><tam:gA>
दौडेगा xOdegA:xOda<v><m><sg><p3><tam:gA>
दौडेंगे xOdeMge:xOda<v><m><pl><p3><tam:gA>
दौडोगे xOdoge:xOda<v><m><pl><p2><tam:gA>
दौडिएगा xOdiegA:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:gA>
दौडियेगा xOdiyegA:xOda<v><m><pl><p2_h><tam:gA>
दौडूँगी xOdUzgI:xOda<v><f><sg><p1><tam:gA>
दौडिएगा xOdiegA:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:gA>
दौडियेगा xOdiyegA:xOda<v><f><sg><p2_h><tam:gA>
दौडोगी xOdogI:xOda<v><f><pl><p2><tam:gA>
दौडिएगा xOdiegA:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:gA>
दौडियेगा xOdiyegA:xOda<v><f><pl><p2_h><tam:gA>
दौडेगी xOdegI:xOda<v><f><sg><p3><tam:gA>
दौडेंगी xOdeMgI:xOda<v><f><pl><p3><tam:gA>
</pre>


===Corpora===
==UTF-8 / Bengali output==
* [http://corpora.uni-leipzig.de/en?corpusId=hin_news_2011 Hindi News Corpus] Creative Commons License CC BY-NC '''(Open Source)'''
* [http://opus.nlpl.eu/ Hindi-English Parallel Corpora] Jörg Tiedemann, 2012, Parallel Data, Tools and Interfaces in OPUS - To be cited if any part of the corpus is used
* [http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2014/pdf/835_Paper.pdf HindEnCorp – Hindi-English and Hindi-only Corpus for Machine Translation]
* [https://arxiv.org/abs/1710.02855 The IIT Bombay English-Hindi Parallel Corpus]
* [https://catalog.ldc.upenn.edu/LDC2008L02 Hindi WordNet] © 2007 IIT Bombay, © 2008 Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania


<pre>
সাঁটছিলাম:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p1>
সাঁটছিলামই:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p1>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিলামও:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p1>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছিল:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p3><infml>
সাঁটছিলই:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিলও:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সেঁটে:সাঁট<vblex><pcnd>
সেঁটেই:সাঁট<vblex><pcnd>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেও:সাঁট<vblex><pcnd>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছেন:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><pol>
সেঁটেছেনই:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছেনও:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবে:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><fam>
সাঁটবেই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবেও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সাঁটল:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p3><infml>
সাঁটলই:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটলও:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিল:সাঁট<vblex><ppst>
সেঁটেছিলই:সাঁট<vblex><ppst>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিলও:সাঁট<vblex><ppst>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবেন:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p3><infml>
সাঁটবেনই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবেনও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবে:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><impers>
সাঁটবেই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবেও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবেন:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><fam>
সাঁটবেনই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবেনও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছে:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p3><infml>
সেঁটেছেই:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছেও:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবে:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><impers>
সাঁটবেই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবেও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটলি:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><infml>
সাঁটলিই:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটলিও:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছে:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p3><infml>
সাঁটছেই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছেও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁট:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p3><pol>
সাঁটই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকব:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p1>
সাঁটতে থাকবই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p1>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p1>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিল:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p3><infml>
সেঁটেছিলই:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিলও:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবেন:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p3><pol>
সাঁটবেনই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবেনও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছিল:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><impers>
সাঁটছিলই:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিলও:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটব:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p1>
সাঁটবই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p1>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p1>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিল:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><impers>
সেঁটেছিলই:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><impers>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিলও:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে:সাঁট<vblex><inf>
সাঁটতেই:সাঁট<vblex><inf>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতেও:সাঁট<vblex><inf>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিলাম:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p1>
সেঁটেছিলামই:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p1>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিলামও:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p1>+ও<adv>
সাঁটলে:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><pol>
সাঁটলেই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটলেও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটলে:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><fam>
সাঁটলেই:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটলেও:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবেন:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><pol>
সাঁটতে থাকবেনই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবেনও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটিস:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><infml>
সাঁটিসই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটিসও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটি:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p1>
সাঁটিই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p1>+ই<adv>
সাঁটিও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p1>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছি:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p1>
সাঁটছিই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p1>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p1>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছিলি:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><infml>
সাঁটছিলিই:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিলিও:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটলেন:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p3><pol>
সাঁটলেনই:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটলেনও:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবে:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p3><infml>
সাঁটবেই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবেও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটা:সাঁট<vblex><ger>
সাঁটাই:সাঁট<vblex><ger>+ই<adv>
সাঁটাও:সাঁট<vblex><ger>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতেন:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p3><pol>
সাঁটতেনই:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতেনও:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁট:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><infml>
সাঁটই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটিস:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p3><pol>
সাঁটিসই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটিসও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটত:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><impers>
সাঁটতই:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতও:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবে:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><fam>
সাঁটতে থাকবেই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবেও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছিস:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><infml>
সাঁটছিসই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিসও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁট:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><fam>
সাঁটই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিলেন:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><pol>
সেঁটেছিলেনই:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিলেনও:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছিলে:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><fam>
সাঁটছিলেই:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিলেও:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছ:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><fam>
সাঁটছই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবেন:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p3><pol>
সাঁটতে থাকবেনই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবেনও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিস:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><infml>
সেঁটেছিসই:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিসও:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটুন:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p3><infml>
সাঁটুনই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটুনও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছেন:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p3><pol>
সেঁটেছেনই:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছেনও:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবেন:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><pol>
সাঁটবেনই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবেনও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটবি:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><infml>
সাঁটবিই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটবিও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><smpl><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটুক:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><pol>
সাঁটুকই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটুকও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিলেন:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p3><pol>
সেঁটেছিলেনই:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিলেনও:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটে:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><impers>
সাঁটেই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটেও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছে:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><impers>
সাঁটছেই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছেও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটলাম:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p1>
সাঁটলামই:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p1>+ই<adv>
সাঁটলামও:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p1>+ও<adv>
সাঁটুন:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><fam>
সাঁটুনই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটুনও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছে:সাঁট<vblex><prft><impers>
সেঁটেছেই:সাঁট<vblex><prft><impers>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছেও:সাঁট<vblex><prft><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবে:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p3><infml>
সাঁটতে থাকবেই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবেও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবি:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><infml>
সাঁটতে থাকবিই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবিও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটুক:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><impers>
সাঁটুকই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটুকও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><imp><impers>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছি:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p1>
সেঁটেছিই:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p1>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিও:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p1>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতি:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><infml>
সাঁটতিই:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতিও:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটার:সাঁট<vblex><gen>
সাঁটারই:সাঁট<vblex><gen>+ই<adv>
সাঁটারও:সাঁট<vblex><gen>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবে:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><impers>
সাঁটতে থাকবেই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতে থাকবেও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><cnt><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতে:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><fam>
সাঁটতেই:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতেও:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতেন:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><pol>
সাঁটতেনই:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতেনও:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছিলেন:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p3><pol>
সাঁটছিলেনই:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিলেনও:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছেন:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><pol>
সাঁটছেনই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছেনও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সেঁটো:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><infml>
সেঁটোই:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সেঁটোও:সাঁট<vblex><ft><imp><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটেন:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p3><pol>
সাঁটেনই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটেনও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছ:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><fam>
সেঁটেছই:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছও:সাঁট<vblex><prft><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সাঁটলেন:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><pol>
সাঁটলেনই:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটলেনও:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিলি:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><infml>
সেঁটেছিলিই:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><infml>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিলিও:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছিলেন:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><pol>
সাঁটছিলেনই:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছিলেনও:সাঁট<vblex><past><cnt><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটছেন:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p3><pol>
সাঁটছেনই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p3><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটছেনও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><cnt><p3><pol>+ও<adv>
সাঁটত:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p3><infml>
সাঁটতই:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতও:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সাঁটতাম:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p1>
সাঁটতামই:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p1>+ই<adv>
সাঁটতামও:সাঁট<vblex><past><hbtl><p1>+ও<adv>
সাঁটল:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><impers>
সাঁটলই:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><impers>+ই<adv>
সাঁটলও:সাঁট<vblex><past><smpl><impers>+ও<adv>
সাঁটে:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p3><infml>
সাঁটেই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p3><infml>+ই<adv>
সাঁটেও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p3><infml>+ও<adv>
সেঁটেছিলে:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><fam>
সেঁটেছিলেই:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><fam>+ই<adv>
সেঁটেছিলেও:সাঁট<vblex><plprft><p2><fam>+ও<adv>
সাঁটেন:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><pol>
সাঁটেনই:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><pol>+ই<adv>
সাঁটেনও:সাঁট<vblex><pres><smpl><p2><pol>+ও<adv>
</pre>


==Devanagari and Unicode==


==External links==


* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindi-Urdu_grammar Wikipedia: Hindi-Urdu grammar]


[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Hindi|*]]

Latest revision as of 00:45, 7 December 2018


Apertium Resources[edit]

Morphological transducer & disambiguator[edit]

Language pairs[edit]

Trunk[edit]

Nursery[edit]

  • apertium-eng-hin Linguistic data for the Apertium English-Hindi machine translator

Incubator[edit]

  • apertium-mar-hin Linguistic data for the Apertium Marathi-Hindi machine translator
  • apertium-bn-hi Linguistic data for the Apertium Bangla-Hindi machine translator
  • apertium-hin-pan Linguistic data for the Apertium Punjabi-Hindi machine translator
  • apertium-guj-hin Linguistic data for the Apertium Gujarati-Hindi machine translator
  • apertium-as-hi Linguistic data for the Apertium Assamese-Hindi machine translator
  • apertium-snd-hin Linguistic data for the Apertium Assamese-Hindi machine translator


External Resources[edit]

General[edit]


Grammars[edit]



Machine Translation[edit]



Languages Other than English[edit]


Morphology[edit]


Dictionaries[edit]

Multilingual[edit]


Corpora[edit]


Devanagari and Unicode[edit]

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