Emacs

Emacs has a nice xml editing mode called nXML, with syntax highlighting, movement commands to navigate through the XML (out of, into, across elements, etc.).

Note: since the dix-files can often get rather huge, syntax highlighting can make nXML a bit slow (at least if you're eg. planning on running a keyboard macro 10000 times). To speed it up, just temporarily turn off syntax highlighting with by typing M-x set-variable RET nxml-syntax-highlight-flag RET nil RET. Alternatively, use the dix.el function C-c H (dix-toggle-syntax-highlighting).

dix-mode

Screenshot of dix.el in Aquamacs (fullscreen). Upper left window has output from dix-view-pardef, lower left shows rng schema completion. There is a red underline since a p can't be an empty element, as noted by the message in the minibuffer

In svn there is a minor mode for editing .dix files, dix.el (or use svn co https://apertium.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/apertium/trunk/apertium-tools). It uses nxml-mode.

Usage:

 (add-to-list 'load-path "/path/to/dix.el")
 (require 'dix)
 (add-hook 'nxml-mode-hook
 	  (lambda () (if (string-match "\\.dix$" buffer-file-name) (dix-mode 1))))

I use Apertium-dixtools-formatted dix, not all functions have been tested in the regular format.

Note: there's now a menu-bar, if you forget the keyboard shortcuts :-)

The minor mode adds keyboard shortcuts C-c L and C-c R which make LR or RL restricted copies of <e>'s (use C-TAB to cycle between restriction possibilities LR, RL or none, C-c C creates a copy without modifying restrictions), C-c G which finds the pardef of a dictionary entry (and lets you go back with C-u C-SPC) and C-c S which sorts a pardef by its right-hand-side <r>. M-n and M-p move to the next and previous "important bits" of <e>-elements (just try it!). Inside a pardef, C-c A shows all usages of that pardef within the dictionaries represented by the variable `dix-dixfiles', while C-c D gives you a list of all pardefs which use these suffixes (where a suffix is the contents of an <l>-element). The space bar inserts a <b/> in <r>, <l> or <i> elements (o/w a regular space).

Also, if you like having all <i> elements aligned at eg. column 25, the minor mode lets you do M-x align on a region to achieve that, and also aligns <p> to 10 and <r> to 44 (for bidix). These numbers are customizable with M-x customize-group RET dix. (Ie. there's no extra indentation function, but then nxml already has that.)

Validation (Relax NG-schemas)

nxml-mode uses compact Relax NG schemas for validation (without these, XML is only checked for well-formedness by nxml-mode).

(There is a non-compact dix.rng here, while transfer.rng and modes.rng are in trunk/apertium/apertium.)

You can make compact Relax NG schemas (.rnc) using trang. Use a script like this to keep all your rnc's up-to-date:

cd /path/to/trunk/apertium/apertium
for DTD in `ls *.dtd`; do
    OUT=`echo $DTD | sed 's/dtd$/rnc/'`;
    CMD="java -jar /path/to/trang.jar $DTD $OUT"
    echo $CMD
    eval $CMD
done

Note: if you want to auto-complete using the schema (keyboard shortcut: C-RET), you should have (setq nxml-completion-hook '(rng-complete t)) somewhere in your .emacs.

See also

• Emacs C style for Apertium hacking
• SFST/HFST mode for emacs (see SFST and HFST)
• CG-mode for emacs (see Constraint Grammar)