Turkic lexicon - Revision history

Memduh: /* Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative */

2018-06-14T09:00:02Z

Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative

Firespeaker: /* Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative */

2017-12-11T20:58:43Z

Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative

Firespeaker: /* Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative */

2017-12-11T20:54:28Z

Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative

Firespeaker: /* Non-finite verb forms */

2017-06-24T10:22:22Z

Non-finite verb forms

Francis Tyers: /* Spelling errors */

2017-06-03T11:06:17Z

Spelling errors

Francis Tyers: /* Language specific issues */

2017-06-03T11:03:37Z

Language specific issues

Francis Tyers: /* Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative */

2017-04-19T09:41:09Z

Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative

Francis Tyers: /* The words бар and жок */

2015-10-15T21:59:00Z

The words бар and жок

Francis Tyers: /* The words бар and жок */

2015-10-15T21:50:58Z

The words бар and жок

Francis Tyers: /* The words бар and жок */

2015-10-15T21:41:41Z

The words бар and жок

@@ Line 122: / Line 122: @@
 | Chuvash  || -{п}{A}    || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive  || Ручка'''па''' ҫыратӑп.<br/>Юлташсем'''пе''' калатӑп.<br/>Маша'''па''' Ваня пахчара.
 |-
-| Turkish  || -{y}l{A} || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive  || Kalem'''le''' yaziyorum.<br/>Arkadaşlar'''la''' konuşuyorum.<br/>Maşa'''la''' Vanya bahçede.
+| Turkish  || -{y}l{A} || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive  || Kalem'''le''' yaziyorum.<br/>Arkadaşlar'''la''' konuşuyorum.<br/>Maşa'''yla''' Vanya bahçede.
 |-
 | Kazakh || -{M}ен/-{M}енен<br/>-{M}ен/-{M}енен<br />{M}ен/{M}енен || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || Қалем'''мен''' жазып жатыр.<br />Досы'''мен''' сөйлесіп жатыр.<br/>Маша '''мен''' Ваня бақшада.

@@ Line 132: / Line 132: @@
 | Tuvan || биле/-биле || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || <br/><br/>Азамат '''биле''' Айгуль садта
 |-
-| Teleut || -мынаң || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || Ручкамынаң чиип јам/јадым.<br />Ол найымынаң эрмектеш јат.<br />Машамынаң Ваня садта.
+| Teleut || -мынаң || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || Ручка'''мынаң''' чиип јам/јадым.<br />Ол найы'''мынаң''' эрмектеш јат.<br />Маша Паня'''мынаң''' садта.
 |-
-| Altay || -л{A} || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || Ручкала бичип јадым.<br />Ол нӧкӧрлӧ куучындап јат.<br />Машала Ваня садта.
+| Altay || -л{A} || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || Ручка'''ла''' бичип јадым.<br />Ол нӧкӧр'''лӧ''' куучындап јат.<br />Маша Паня'''ла''' садта.
+|-
+| Shor || -{B}{A} || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || Пасчақ'''па''' пасчам.<br />Ол нанчы'''ба''' чооқтапча.<br />Маша Паня'''ба''' садта.
 |}

@@ Line 132: / Line 132: @@
 | Tuvan || биле/-биле || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || <br/><br/>Азамат '''биле''' Айгуль садта
 |-
+| Teleut || -мынаң || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || Ручкамынаң чиип јам/јадым.<br />Ол найымынаң эрмектеш јат.<br />Машамынаң Ваня садта.
+|-
+| Altay || -л{A} || Instrumental<br/>Sociative<br/>Conjunctive || Ручкала бичип јадым.<br />Ол нӧкӧрлӧ куучындап јат.<br />Машала Ваня садта.
 |}

@@ Line 378: / Line 378: @@
 |valign="top"| -(V)ргA
 |}
+In general: subordinate forms are ger_, gpr_, gna_ and main clause forms are prc_.
 ====Verbal nouns / gerunds ====
 Verbal nouns are forms of verbs that allow one to use a verb phrase as a noun phrase.  An example in English might be "running" in the sentence "I like running", or "eating beshbarmaq with my hands" in "I believe in eating beshbarmaq with my hands".  The former sentence in Kazakh would be:
@@ Line 482: / Line 485: @@
 ====Participles ====
 Participles are verb forms that allow a verb phrase to be combined with other verbs for the purpose of adding information about tense/mood/aspect/voice/evidentiality (TMAVE) to the utterance.  That is, it's usually used in the creation of "compound verb tenses", so the following word is almost always a [[#Verbal auxiliaries|verbal auxiliary]], and the participial verb phrase and auxiliary together form <b>only one predicate</b>.
+{{comment|New definition: participle as a term means a non-finite form that can be the root of a clause (governs arg. struct.) that provides some part of TAM and requires a finite-auxiliary for agreement and other parts of TAM.  This means that prc can be used with copulas too.}}
 Examples of relevant compound verb phrases in Kazakh include the following:

@@ Line 740: / Line 740: @@
 * Take the lexc lexicon, and a plain twol file (just with the alphabet and removal of morpheme boundary), full.hfst
 * Then take the transducer with a full twol file (all the phonology), and subtract the good analyses (lang.hfst) from full.hfst leaving full-error.hfst
+* Intersect full-error.hfst with forms that we actually find in the corpus full-error-corpus.hfst (the reason for this is that we want to avoid very spurious analyses)
-* Then concatenate a tag, like <err_orth> to the end of full-error.hfst and give it high weight
-* Then union the full-error-orth.hfst with lang.hfst to give a transducer with the correct forms + high weighted/tagged incorrect forms
+* Then concatenate a tag, like <err_orth> to the end of full-error-corpus.hfst and give it high weight
+* Then union the full-error-corpus-orth.hfst with lang.hfst to give a transducer with the correct forms + high weighted/tagged incorrect forms
+* ''Note:'' What we currently do with spellrelax could be done this way also.
 === Multiple writing systems ===

@@ Line 726: / Line 726: @@
 === Chuvash: Russian loans ending in -a with non-final stress ===
+==Orthographic issues==
+=== Spelling errors ===
+Sometimes people writing Turkic languages make typos and spelling errors. Most of the languages don't have
+spell checkers, so it's easier to make mistakes.
+We would like to be able to analyse forms where there are some systematic errors, e.g. harmony errors,
+but we want to be able to tag those forms.
+Ideas:
+* Take the lexc lexicon, and a plain twol file (just with the alphabet and removal of morpheme boundary), full.hfst
+* Then take the transducer with a full twol file (all the phonology), and subtract the good analyses (lang.hfst) from full.hfst leaving full-error.hfst
+* Then concatenate a tag, like <err_orth> to the end of full-error.hfst and give it high weight
+* Then union the full-error-orth.hfst with lang.hfst to give a transducer with the correct forms + high weighted/tagged incorrect forms
+=== Multiple writing systems ===

@@ Line 113: / Line 113: @@
 ===== Comitative / Instrumental / Sociative =====
+This can be either a postposition, if the language writes it with a space, or it can be attached as a case. If it is attached to the previous word  then it should receive the {{tag|ins}} tag.
 {|class=wikitable

@@ Line 665: / Line 665: @@
 * "ешқандай иесі  жоқ жер" land without any kind of owner
 * (?)"biz mutlaka yok şeyler yapmayacağım"
+* "Аллаһның болу ғалам үшін өте керек нәрсе , оның жоқтығы мүмкін емес"
+* өндіріске керек су және ауыз су жетістіру
+* атын дискі , дыбысалғыш , оған граммофон табағының  керек тұсына қоюға және
 ==« Derivation » and friends==

@@ Line 662: / Line 662: @@
 * Бірақ әкесінің '''бар''' байлығы сақталып тұрған банк банкротқа ұшырап, аяқасты кедейленіп қалған Теккерейге ақша табу үшін журналист, суретші-карикатурист болуға тура келді.
+* "Ұлы  жоқ үйде қыз туғанда ат қою" - giving a name when a girl is born in a house with no sons
+* "ешқандай иесі  жоқ жер" land without any kind of owner
+* "biz mutlaka yok şeyler yapmayacağım"
 ==« Derivation » and friends==