Basic Grammar Guide - Revision history

Putti: not all sentences have verbs

2016-12-19T20:20:22Z

not all sentences have verbs

2012-01-02T18:51:04Z

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Verbs

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Nouns

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Nouns

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Verbs

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Nouns

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Nouns

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Introduction

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 == Verbs ==
-A verb is a word that shows action or state of being. Every sentence must have a verb. Verbs often change forms depending on person, voice, tense, mood, and are sometimes accompanied by model verbs (could, should, would) and auxiliary verbs (do, have).
+A verb is a word that shows action or state of being. Verbs often change forms depending on person, voice, tense, mood, and are sometimes accompanied by model verbs (could, should, would) and auxiliary verbs (do, have).
 Verb conjugation also causes a verb to change. Verb conjugation is creating a derived form of a verb according to grammatical categories such as person, voice, tense, mood, gender, etc. Verb conjugation is not present in every language.

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	The Apertium part-of-speech tag for adverbs is {{sc\|adv}}		The Apertium part-of-speech tag for adverbs is {{sc\|adv}}





			Page created/authored by Daniel Huang for GCI 2011

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 Verb conjugation also causes a verb to change. Verb conjugation is creating a derived form of a verb according to grammatical categories such as person, voice, tense, mood, gender, etc. Verb conjugation is not present in every language.
-A '''verb phrase''' is a group of words that express action or state of being. In the sentence "I '''am currently learning''' how to cook", "am currently learning" expresses a state of being.
+A '''verb phrase''' is a group of words that express action or state of being. In the sentence "I '''am currently learning''' to cook", "am currently learning" can be replaced with the verb "learn".
 The Apertium part-of-speech tag for verbs is usually {{sc|vblex}}

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 When referring to more than one instance of a noun, one must use the plural form of the noun. For most nouns, '''-s''' is added to form the plural. In words ending in '''-sh''', '''-ch''', '''-s''', '''-ss''', '''-x''', or '''-o''', the plural is formed by adding '''-es''' to the end of the noun. There are also other rules about forming the plural. Some words are '''irregular nouns''', meaning that they do not follow any specific rules when pluralized. Examples include woman (two '''women'''), ox (two '''oxen'''), and goose (two '''geese''').
-A '''noun phrase''' is a group of words that act as a noun. In the sentence "'''The intimidating and apathetic guard''' opened the gate", "the intimidating and apathetic guard" can be substituted with the noun "guard".
+A '''noun phrase''' is a group of words that act as a noun. In the sentence "'''The intimidating and apathetic guard''' opened the gate", "the intimidating and apathetic guard" can be substituted with the noun "guard" (or also with the pronoun "he", providing that the guard is male).
 The Apertium part-of-speech tag for nouns is {{sc|n}}

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 When referring to more than one instance of a noun, one must use the plural form of the noun. For most nouns, '''-s''' is added to form the plural. In words ending in '''-sh''', '''-ch''', '''-s''', '''-ss''', '''-x''', or '''-o''', the plural is formed by adding '''-es''' to the end of the noun. There are also other rules about forming the plural. Some words are '''irregular nouns''', meaning that they do not follow any specific rules when pluralized. Examples include woman (two '''women'''), ox (two '''oxen'''), and goose (two '''geese''').
-A '''noun phrase''' is a group of words that act as a noun. In the sentence "'''The intimidating and apathetic guard''' opened the gate", "the intimidating and apathetic guard" can be substituted with the pronoun "he".
+A '''noun phrase''' is a group of words that act as a noun. In the sentence "'''The intimidating and apathetic guard''' opened the gate", "the intimidating and apathetic guard" can be substituted with the noun "guard".
 The Apertium part-of-speech tag for nouns is {{sc|n}}

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 A '''verb phrase''' is a group of words that express action or state of being. In the sentence "I '''am currently learning''' how to cook", "am currently learning" expresses a state of being.
-The Apertium part-of-speech tag for verbs is {{sc|verb}}
+The Apertium part-of-speech tag for verbs is usually {{sc|vblex}}
 == Adjectives ==

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 == Nouns ==
-A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. A '''proper noun''' names a specific person, place, or thing, and is almost always capitalized. Some examples include America, Microsoft, Buddhism, and President. '''Common nouns''' are everything else that is not a proper noun.
+A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. A '''proper noun''' names a specific person, place, or thing, and is almost always capitalized. Some examples include America, Microsoft, Buddhism, and President. '''Common nouns''' are everything else that is not a proper noun. They are not usually capitalized in English.
+In some languages such as German, most nouns, regardless of if they're proper nouns or common nouns, are capitalized.
 When referring to more than one instance of a noun, one must use the plural form of the noun. For most nouns, '''-s''' is added to form the plural. In words ending in '''-sh''', '''-ch''', '''-s''', '''-ss''', '''-x''', or '''-o''', the plural is formed by adding '''-es''' to the end of the noun. There are also other rules about forming the plural. Some words are '''irregular nouns''', meaning that they do not follow any specific rules when pluralized. Examples include woman (two '''women'''), ox (two '''oxen'''), and goose (two '''geese''').

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 == Introduction ==
 This guide will introduce you to the basics of grammar. It will go into detail on the basic parts-of-speech.
 == Nouns ==

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 Verb conjugation also causes a verb to change. Verb conjugation is creating a derived form of a verb according to grammatical categories such as person, voice, tense, mood, gender, etc. Verb conjugation is not present in every language.
+A '''verb phrase''' is a group of words that express action or state of being. In the sentence "I '''am currently learning''' how to cook", "am currently learning" expresses a state of being.
 The Apertium part-of-speech tag for verbs is {{sc|verb}}
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 == Adjectives ==
 Adjectives modify the noun or pronoun by describing, identifying, or quantifying it. In English, an adjective precedes the noun it modifies (an '''interesting''' book), whereas in other languages such as French, most adjectives follow the noun it modifies (un livre '''interessant'''). Adjectives may change depending on gender, or other grammatical categories.
+An '''adjective/adjectival phrase''' is a group of words that modify a noun. In the sentence "the hotel was '''old, smelly, and located in a dangerous neighborhood'''", "old, smelly, and located in a dangerous neighborhood" describes "the hotel".
 The Apertium part-of-speech tag for adjectives is {{sc|adj}}