View source for Languages of the Volga-Kama region

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The languages of the Volga-Kama region include several [[Turkic languages|Turkic]] and [[Uralic languages]] spoken in the Volga-Kama region (along the Volga and Kama rivers) in [[Russia]].  These include [varieties of] [[Tatar]], [[Bashqort]], [[Chuvash]], [[Mari]], [[Komi]], [[Mordvin]], and [[Udmurt]] (and linguistically, to some extent, [[Russian]]).

The master plan involves generating independent finite-state transducers for each language, and then making individual dictionaries and transfer rules for every pair. The current status of these goals is listed below.

==Status==
The ultimate goal is to have multi-purposable transducers for a variety of Volga-Kama languages. These can then be paired for X→Y translation with the addition of a CG for language X and transfer rules / dictionary for the pair X→Y. Below is listed development progress for each language's transducers and dictionary pairs.

===Transducers===
Once a transducer has ~80% coverage on a range of medium-large corpora we can say it is "working". Over 90% and it can be considered to be "production".

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!rowspan=2| name
!rowspan=2| Language
!colspan=2 class="unsortable"| ISO 639
!rowspan=2| formalism
!rowspan=2| state
!rowspan=2| stems
!rowspan=2| coverage
!rowspan=2| location
!rowspan=2 class="unsortable"| primary authors
|-class="sortbottom"
! -2
! -3
|-
| <code>[[apertium-myv]]</code>
|| [[Erzya]]
|align="center"|<code>&ndash;</code>
|| <code>myv</code>
|| [[HFST|HFST (lexc+twol)]]
|| development
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-myv-fin/stats|myv-stems}}
|align="center"| 
|| [[apertium-myv-fin]]&nbsp;([[incubator]])
|| [[User:Francis_Tyers|Fran]], Jack Rueter
|-
|| <code>[[apertium-tat]]</code>
|| [[Tatar]]
|| <code>tt</code> 
|| <code>tat</code> 
|| [[HFST|HFST (lexc+twol)]]
|| {{#lst:Apertium-tat/stats|state}}
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-tat/stats|stems}}
|align="center"| [[Apertium-tat#Current_State|~{{:Apertium-tat/stats/average}}%]]
|| {{#lst:Apertium-tat/stats|location}}
|| {{#lst:Apertium-tat/stats|authors}}
|-
| <code>[[apertium-chv]]</code>
|| [[Chuvash]]
|| <code>cv</code>
|| <code>chv</code>
|| [[HFST|HFST (lexc+twol)]]
|| development
|align="right"| {{:apertium-chv/stems}} 
|align="center"| [[apertium-chv#Current_State|~{{:apertium-chv/stats/average}}%]] 
|| [[apertium-chv]]&nbsp;([[languages]]) 
|| [[User:Hectoralos|Hèctor]]
|-
|| <code>[[apertium-bak]]</code>
|| [[Bashkir]]    
|| <code>ba</code> 
|| <code>bak</code>
|| [[HFST|HFST (lexc+twol)]]
|| development
|align="right"| {{:apertium-bak/stems}}
|align="center"| [[apertium-bak#Current_State|~{{:apertium-bak/stats/average}}%]]
|| [[apertium-bak]]&nbsp;([[languages]])
|| [[User:Francis Tyers|Fran]], [[User:Firespeaker|Jonathan]], [[User:Ilnar.salimzyan|Ilnar]], Milli
|-
| <code>[[apertium-mrj]]</code>
|| [[Hill Mari]]
|align="center"|<code>&ndash;</code>
|| <code>mrj</code>
|| [[HFST|HFST (lexc+twol)]]
|| development
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-mrj-fin/stats|mrj-stems}}
|align="center"| 
|| [[apertium-mrj-fin]] ([[incubator]])
|| [[User:Francis_Tyers|Fran]], kuprina, jackrueter
|-
| <code>[[apertium-udm]]</code>
|| [[Udmurt]]
|align="center"| <code>&ndash;</code>
|| <code>udm</code>
|| [[HFST|HFST (lexc+twol)]]
|| prototype
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-udm-rus/stats|udm-stems}}
|align="center"| 
|| [[apertium-udm-rus]]&nbsp;([[nursery]])
|| [[User:Francis_Tyers|Fran]], [[User:Trondtr|Trond]], [[User:Andrewboltachev|Andrey]], Лукерья, Алексей
|-
| <code>[[apertium-kpv]]</code>
|| [[Komi-Zyrian]]
|align="center"|<code>&ndash;</code>
|| <code>kpv</code>
|| [[HFST|HFST (lexc+twol)]]
|| prototype
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-kpv-mhr/stats|kpv-stems}}
|align="center"| 
|| [[apertium-kpv-mhr]]&nbsp;([[incubator]])
|| [[User:Francis_Tyers|Fran]], [[User:Trondtr|Trond]], Fedina, Andrei Chemyshev
|-
| <code>[[apertium-mhr]]</code>
|| [[Meadow Mari]]
|align="center"|<code>&ndash;</code>
|| <code>mhr</code>
|| [[HFST|HFST (lexc+twol)]]
|| prototype
|align="right"| {{#lst:Apertium-kpv-mhr/stats|mhr-stems}}
|align="center"| 
|| [[apertium-kpv-mhr]]&nbsp;([[incubator]])
|| [[User:Francis_Tyers|Fran]], Fedina, Andrei Chemyshev
|}

=== Existing language pairs ===

Text in ''italic'' denotes language pairs under development / in the incubator.  Regular text denotes a functioning language pair in staging, while text in '''bold''' denotes a stable well-working language pair in trunk.

{| style="text-align: center;" class="wikitable"
|- style="background: #ececec"
! !! tat !! chv !! bak !! mrj !! udm !! mhr !! myv !! kpv
|-
| '''tat''' || - || ''[[Apertium-cv-tt|cv-tt]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-cv-tt/stats|cv-tt_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-tat-bak|tat-bak]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tat-bak/stats|tat-bak_stems}} ||  ||  ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''chv''' || ''[[Apertium-cv-tt|cv-tt]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-cv-tt/stats|cv-tt_stems}} || - ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''bak''' || ''[[Apertium-tat-bak|tat-bak]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tat-bak/stats|tat-bak_stems}} ||  || - ||  ||  ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''mrj''' ||  ||  ||  || - ||  ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''udm''' ||  ||  ||  ||  || - ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''mhr''' ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || - ||  || ''[[Apertium-kpv-mhr|kpv-mhr]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-kpv-mhr/stats|kpv-mhr_stems}}
|-
| '''myv''' ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || - || 
|-
| '''kpv''' ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || ''[[Apertium-kpv-mhr|kpv-mhr]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-kpv-mhr/stats|kpv-mhr_stems}} ||  || -
|-
|  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''fin''' ||  ||  ||  || ''[[Apertium-mrj-fin|mrj-fin]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-mrj-fin/stats|mrj-fin_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-fin-udm|fin-udm]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-fin-udm/stats|fin-udm_stems}} ||  || ''[[Apertium-myv-fin|myv-fin]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-myv-fin/stats|myv-fin_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-kpv-fin|kpv-fin]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-kpv-fin/stats|kpv-fin_stems}}
|-
| '''kaz''' || '''[[Apertium-kaz-tat|kaz-tat]]'''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-kaz-tat/stats|kaz-tat_stems}} ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''kir''' || ''[[Apertium-tat-kir|tat-kir]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tat-kir/stats|tat-kir_stems}} ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''rus''' || ''[[Apertium-tt-ru|tt-ru]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tt-ru/stats|tt-ru_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-cv-ru|cv-ru]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-cv-ru/stats|cv-ru_stems}} ||  ||  || ''[[Apertium-udm-rus|udm-rus]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-udm-rus/stats|udm-rus_stems}} ||  ||  || 
|-
| '''tur''' || ''[[Apertium-tur-tat|tur-tat]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-tur-tat/stats|tur-tat_stems}} || ''[[Apertium-cv-tr|cv-tr]]''<br>{{#lst:Apertium-cv-tr/stats|cv-tr_stems}} ||  ||  ||  ||  ||  || 
|}

== The languages ==

=== Volga-Kama languages by subgroup ===
* [[Turkic languages|Turkic]]
** North Qıpçaq: [[Tatar]], [[Bashqort]]
** Oğur: [[Chuvash]]

* [[Uralic languages|Uralic]] → Finno-Ugric → Finno-Permic
** Permic: [[Komi]] (Komi-Zyrian, Komi-Permyak, Komi-Yazva), [[Udmurt]]
** Finno-Volgaic
*** [[Mari]]: [[Meadow Mari|Meadow Mari (Eastern)]], [[Hill Mari|Hill Mari (Western)]]
*** [[Mordvin]]: [[Erzya]], [[Moksha]]

=== Volga-Kama language vulnerability ===

The following table shows information about Volga-Kama varieties.

{|class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! language !! iso !! num speakers !! UNESCO classification
|-
| Tatar || <code>tat</code> || 6500K || 0. none
|-
| Bashqort || <code>bak</code> || 1379K || 1. vulnerable
|-
| Chuvash || <code>chv</code> || 1325K || 1. vulnerable
|-
| Udmurt || <code>udm</code> || 0464K || 2. definitely endangered
|-
| Mari - Eastern || <code>mhr</code> || 0414K || 2. definitely endangered 
|-
| Mordvin - Erzya || <code>myv</code> || 0400K || 2. definitely endangered
|-
| Komi - Zyryan || <code>kpv</code> || 0217K || 2. definitely endangered
|-
| Mordvin&nbsp;-&nbsp;Moksha || <code>mdf</code> || 0200K || 2. definitely endangered
|-
| Komi - Permyak || <code>koi</code> || 0094K || 2. definitely endangered
|-
| Mari - Western || <code>mrj</code> || 0037K || 3. severely endangered
|-
| Komi - Yazva || <code>koi</code> || 0000K || 3. severely endangered
|}

== Existing general resources ==
=== Grammars ===
=== Dictionaries ===

== Existing computational resources ==
=== Corpora and corpora projects ===
* [http://www.hum.utu.fi/oppiaineet/volga/en/materials/ University of Turku - Research Unit for Volgaic Languages]
=== Spell-checkers ===
=== Text-to-speech and speech-to-text systems ===
=== Keyboards ===
* Xkb includes keyboards for the following languages:
** Tatar
** Chuvash
** ...?
=== Morphological Transducers ===
* [http://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/45006 Mari]

== Scholarship ==

[[Category:Languages of the former Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Languages of the Volga-Kama region]]
[[Category:Turkic languages]]
[[Category:Uralic languages]]