https://wiki.apertium.org/w/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=Nikant&feedformat=atomApertium - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T18:58:30ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.34.1https://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Task_ideas_for_Google_Code-in&diff=44445Task ideas for Google Code-in2013-10-28T04:12:39Z<p>Nikant: /* Task list */</p>
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<div>This is the task ideas page for Google Code-in (http://www.google-melange.com/gci/homepage/google/gci2013), here you can find ideas on interesting tasks that will improve your knowledge of Apertium and help you get into the world of open-source development.<br />
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The people column lists people who you should get in contact with to request further information. All tasks are 2 hours maximum estimated amount of time that would be spent on the task by an experienced developer, however:<br />
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# '''this does not include time taken to install / set up apertium'''.<br />
# this is the time expected to take by an experienced developer, you may find that you spend more time on the task because of the learning curve. <br />
<br />
<!--Если ты не понимаешь английский язык или предпочитаешь работать над русским языком или другими языками России, смотри: [[Task ideas for Google Code-in/Russian]]--><br />
'''Categories:'''<br />
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* {{sc|code}}: Tasks related to writing or refactoring code<br />
* {{sc|documentation}}: Tasks related to creating/editing documents and helping others learn more<br />
* {{sc|research}}: Tasks related to community management, outreach/marketting, or studying problems and recommending solutions<br />
* {{sc|quality}}: Tasks related to testing and ensuring code is of high quality.<br />
* {{sc|interface}}: Tasks related to user experience research or user interface design and interaction<br />
<br />
==Task list==<br />
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<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable"<br />
! Category !! Title !! Description !! Mentors<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|quality}} || Add 50 words to the vocabulary of a language pair || (1) select a language pair, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.) detect unknown words (source words which are not in the dictionaries of the language pair). (4) add 50 such words (preferably the most frequent unknown words) to the source dictionary, add the correspondence to the bilingual dictionary, and add the word to the target dictionary if not already there. (5) Compile and test again(6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:ilnar.salimzyan]] [[User:Xavivars]] [[User:Bech]] [[User:Jimregan|Jimregan]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Fsanchez]] [[User:Nikant]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|quality}} || Add/correct one structural transfer rule to an existing language pair || (1) select a language pair, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get[http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, detect one structural transfer rule (.t1x, .t2x, .t3x) wrong or missing (local agreement -gender, number, etc.- is inadequate, local word order in a phrase is inadequate, there is a word too much or a word missing, etc.); (4) write a new rule or correct the existing rule. (5) Compile and test again. (6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access). || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:ilnar.salimzyan]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Nikant]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|quality}} || Write 10 lexical selection rules for a language pair already set up with lexical selection || (1) select a language pair that is already set up for lexical selection, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get[http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.), detect cases of inadequate lexical choice, that is, the translation is grammatical but the translation selected for one word is not correct (because the source word is polysemous or has more than one meaning). (4) Add entries to the bilingual dictionary if needed and write 10 lexical selection rules that select the correct translation in the relevant context. (5) Compile and test again. (6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access). || [[User:Mlforcada]], [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:ilnar.salimzyan]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Fsanchez]] [[User:Nikant]] (more mentors welcome) <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Set up a language pair to use lexical selection and write 5 rules ||(1) select a language pair that is not yet set up for lexical selection, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get[http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.), detect cases of inadequate lexical choice, that is, the translation is grammatical but the translation selected for one word is not correct (because the source word is polysemous or has more than one meaning). (4) Set up lexical selection for the language pair, add entries to the bilingual dictionary if needed, and write 5 lexical selection rules that select the correct translation in the relevant context. || [[User:Mlforcada]], [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]] (more mentors welcome) <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || - || - || - <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|quality}} || Write constraint grammar rules to repair part-of-speech tagging errors || (1) select a language pair that already uses constraint grammar for part-of-speech tagging, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.) detect part-of-speech tagging errors (the translation is not adequate because the part-of-speech tagger in Apertium has selected the wrong morphological analysis for a word that had more than one); (4) write 10 constraint grammar rules that select the desired part of speech in the relevant context(s); (5) Compile and test again, possibly after retraining the statistical part-of-speech tagger (6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]], [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:ilnar.salimzyan]] [[User:Unhammer]] (more mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Set up a language pair such that it uses constraint grammar for part-of-speech tagging || (1) select a language pair that does not yet use constraint grammar for part-of-speech tagging, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get[http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.) detect part-of-speech tagging errors (the translation is not adequate because the part-of-speech tagger in Apertium has selected the wrong morphological analysis for a word that had more than one); (4) set it up so that it uses it (get inspiration from constraint grammar files from other languages) and write 5 constraint grammar rules that select the desired part of speech in the relevant context(s); (5) Compile and test again, possibly after retraining the statistical part-of-speech tagger (6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]], [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]] (more mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Dictionary conversion || Write a conversion module for an existing dictionary for apertium-dixtools. || [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Dictionary conversion in python || Write a conversion module for an existing free bilingual dictionary to [[lttoolbox]] format using Python. || [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Localised available languages function in [[apertium-apy]] || Make a new function for [[apertium-apy]], is takes as input a language code, and as output gives the list of available pairs, and their translations in the language specified by the language code. You will probably need to know JavaScript and Python. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Language detection in [[apertium-apy]] || Make a new function for [[apertium-apy]], that allows the language of some input text to be identified. This function should return a dict of languages and probabilities. For this task you will also need to train models for the language identifier. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || SSL in [[apertium-apy]] || Make [[apertium-apy]] optionally use SSL. (If you put simple-html on an ssl domain, new browsers won't let you do plaintext/non-ssl ajax). || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[libvoikko]] support for [[apertium-apy]] || Write a function for [[apertium-apy]] that checks the spelling of an input string and for each word returns whether the word is correct, and if unknown returns suggestions. Whether segmentation is done by the client or by apertium-apy will have to be figured out. You will also need to add scanning for spelling modes to the initialisation section. Try to find a sensible way to structure the requests and returned data with JSON. Add a switch to allow someone to turn off support for this (use argparse set_false). || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || *-morph and *-gener modes for [[apertium-apy]] || Write a function each for [[apertium-apy]] that does morphological analysis and morphological generation. You'll also need to add scanning for such modes to the initialisation section. Try to find a sensible way to structure the requests and returned data with JSON. Add a switch to allow someone to turn off support for this (use argparse set_false). || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || performance tracking in [[apertium-apy]] || Add a way for [[apertium-apy]] to keep track of number of words in input and time between sending input to a pipeline and receiving output, for the last n (e.g., 100) requests, and write a function to return the average words per second over something<n (e.g., 10) requests. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[apertium-apy]] gateway || Write an intermediary server that takes [[apertium-apy]] requests and forwards them to one server from a list of apertium-apy servers:ports (round-robin style or similar) || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[apertium-apy]] gateway server pool management || write a function that's called every n requests that polls the server pool and reorders the list of available servers based on speed (i.e., fastest servers first) || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}}, {{sc|quality}} || test and document init scripts for [[apertium-apy]] || Try setting up apertium-apy to run on startup using Upstart (Ubuntu) using [http://apertium.codepad.org/oGjzmx3o this script], check that it actually starts up on startup and restarts when you kill it. Document how you did it on the wiki || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}}, {{sc|quality}} || test and document init scripts for [[apertium-apy]] || Try setting up apertium-apy to run on startup using systemd (Fedora, Arch Linux, SUSE) using [http://apertium.codepad.org/yG39cE81 this script], check that it actually starts up on startup and restarts when you kill it. Document how you did it on the wiki || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}}, {{sc|quality}} || test and document init scripts for [[apertium-apy]] || Try setting up apertium-apy to run on startup using inittab e.g. [http://mywiki.wooledge.org/ProcessManagement?highlight=%28signals%29#How_can_I_check_to_see_if_my_game_server_is_still_running.3F__I.27ll_put_a_script_in_crontab.2C_and_if_it.27s_not_running.2C_I.27ll_restart_it... like this], check that it actually starts up on startup and restarts when you kill it. Document how you did it on the wiki || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|documentation}} || cronjob to detect a "hang" for [[apertium-apy]] || Write a script that tries to translate something via a local [[apertium-apy]], and if it doesn't respond nicely within a certain amount of time (e.g. curl times out and exits with non-zero status, or the translation is wrong/empty), then "initctl restart apertium-apy" (Upstart) or "systemctl restart apertium-apy" (systemd); post the contents of the script on the wiki and how to set it up. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || make [[apertium-apy]] use one lock per pipeline || make [[apertium-apy]] use one lock per pipeline, since we don't need to wait for mk-en just because sme-nob is running. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} ||<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || make voikkospell understand apertium stream format input || Make voikkospell understand apertium stream format input, e.g. ^word/analysis1/analysis2$, voikkospell should only interpret the 'word' part to be spellchecked. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || make voikkospell return output in apertium stream format || make voikkospell return output suggestions in apertium stream format, e.g. ^correctword$ or ^incorrectword/correct1/correct2$ || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || libvoikko support for OS X || Make a spell server for OS X's system-wide spell checker to use arbitrary languages through libvoikko. See https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/SpellCheck/Tasks/CreatingSpellServer.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/20000770-BAJFBAAH for more information || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document: setting up libreoffice voikko on Ubuntu/debian || document how to set up libreoffice voikko working with a language on Ubuntu and debian || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document: setting up libreoffice voikko on Fedora || document how to set up libreoffice voikko working with a language on Fedora || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document: setting up libreoffice voikko on Windows || document how to set up libreoffice voikko working with a language on Windows || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document: setting up libreoffice voikko on OS X || document how to set up libreoffice voikko working with a language on OS X || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || libenchant support for various languages via libvoikko || || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document how to set up libenchant to work with libvoikko || || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document how to add a language module (zhfst) to libvoikko for use with libenchant || || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|interface}} || geriaoueg hover functionality || firefox/iceweasel plugin which, when enabled, allows one to hover over a word and get a pop-up; interface only. Should be something like [http://www.bbc.co.uk/apps/nr/vocab/cy-en/www.bbc.co.uk/newyddion/] or [http://lingro.com] .<br />
|| [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|interface}} || geriaoueg hover functionality || chrome/chromium plugin which, when enabled, allows one to hover over a word and get a pop-up; interface only. Should be something like [http://www.bbc.co.uk/apps/nr/vocab/cy-en/www.bbc.co.uk/newyddion/] or [http://lingro.com] . || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || geriaoueg language/pair selection || firefox/iceweasel plugin which queries apertium API for available languages and allows the user to set the language pair in preferences || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || geriaoueg language/pair selection || chrome/chromium plugin which queries apertium API for available languages and allows the user to set the language pair in preferences || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || geriaoueg lookup code || firefox/iceweasel plugin which queries apertium API for a word by sending a context (±n words) and the position of the word in the context and gets translation for language pair xxx-yyy || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[user:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || geriaoueg lookup code || chrome/chromium plugin which queries apertium API for a word by sending a context (±n words) and the position of the word in the context and gets translation for language pair xxx-yyy || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[user:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || apertium-apy translation-per-word mode || apertium-apy function/mode that runs analyser (-morph), then returns output of biltrans for each analysis; will need to decide whether it makes sense to return once, as a list, or return multiple times, once for each analysis (probably the former) || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || apertium-apy mode for geriaoueg (biltrans in context) || apertium-apy function that accepts a context (e.g., ±n ~words around word) and a position in the context of a word, gets biltrans output on entire context, and returns translation for the word || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || make apertium-quality work with python3.3 on all platforms || migrate apertium-quality away from distribute to newer setup-tools so it installs correctly in more recent versions of python (known incompatible: python3.3 OS X, known compatible: MacPorts python3.2) || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || - || - || - <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || How much of a given sentence pair is explained by Apertium? || Write (in some scripting language of your choice) a command-line program that takes an Apertium language pair, a source-language sentence S, and a target-language sentence T, and outputs the set of pairs of subsegments (s,t) such that s is a subsegment of S, t a subsegment of T and t is the Apertium translation of s or vice-versa (a subsegment is a sequence of whole words). || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Espla]] [[User:Fsanchez]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Compare Apertium with another MT system and improve it || This tasks aims at improving an Apertium language pair when a web-accessible system exists for it in the 'net. Particularly good if the system is (approximately) rule-based such as [http://www.lucysoftware.com/english/machine-translation/lucy-lt-kwik-translator-/ Lucy], [http://www.reverso.net/text_translation.aspx?lang=EN Reverso], [http://www.systransoft.com/free-online-translation Systran] or [http://www.freetranslation.com/ SDL Free Translation]: (1) Install the Apertium language pair, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Collect a corpus of text (newspaper, wikipedia) Segment it in sentences (using e.g., libsegment-java or a similar processor and a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segmentation_Rules_eXchange SRX] segmentation rule file borrowed from e.g. OmegaT) and put each sentence in a line. Run the corpus through Apertium and through the other system Select those sentences where both outputs are very similar (e.g, 90% coincident). Decide which one is better. If the other language is better than Apertium, think of what modification could be done for Apertium to produce the same output, and make 3 such modifications.|| [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Jimregan|Jimregan]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Check that the [[Apertium guide for Windows users]] still works || We have an Apertium guide for Windows users, to help them install on Windows. Check that it works, and if not, report any bugs you find. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Installation instructions for missing GNU/Linux distributions or versions || Adapt installation instructions for a particular GNU/Linux or Unix-like distribution if the existing instructions in the Apertium wiki do not work or have bugs of some kind. Prepare it in your user space in the Apertium wiki. It may be uploaded to the main wiki when approved. || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Installing Apertium in lightweight GNU/Linux distributions || Give instructions on how to install Apertium in one of the small or lightweight GNU/Linux distributions such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damn_Small_Linux Damn Small Linux] or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SliTaz_GNU/Linux SliTaz], so that may be used in older machines || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Bech]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || -|| - || -<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || What's difficult about this language pair? || For a language pair that is not in trunk or staging such that you know well the two languages involved, write a document describing the main problems that Apertium developers would encounter when developing that language pair (for that, you need to know very well how Apertium works). Note that there may be two such documents, one for A→B and the other for B→A Prepare it in your user space in the Apertium wiki.It may be uploaded to the main wiki when approved. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Jimregan|Jimregan]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Video guide to installation || Prepare a screencast or video about installing Apertium; make sure it uses a format that may be viewed with Free software. When approved by your mentor, upload it to youtube, making sure that you use the HTML5 format which may be viewed by modern browsers without having to use proprietary plugins such as Adobe Flash. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Firespeaker]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Apertium in 5 slides || Write a 5-slide HTML presentation (only needing a modern browser to be viewed and ready to be effectively "karaoked" by some else in 5 minutes or less: you can prove this with a screencast) in the language in which you write more fluently, which describes Apertium, how it works, and what makes it different from other machine translation systems. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Firespeaker]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Improved "Become a language-pair developer" document || Read the document [[Become_a_language_pair_developer_for_Apertium]] and think of ways to improve it (don't do this if you have not done any of the language pair tasks). Send comments to your mentor and/or repare it in your user space in the Apertium wiki. There will be a chance to change the document later in the Apertium Wiki. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Bech]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || An entry test for Apertium || Write 20 multiple-choice questions about Apertium. Each question will give 3 options of which only one is true, so that we can build an "Apertium exam" for future GSoC/GCI/developers. Optionally, add an explanation for the correct answer. || [[User:Mlforcada]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || Write a contrastive grammar || Using a grammar book/resource document 20 sample cases of grammatical differences between two languages; put it on the wiki under Language1_and_Language2/Contrastive_grammar || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || Hand annotate 250 words of running text. || Use [[apertium annotatrix]] to hand-annotate 250 words of running text from Wikipedia for a language of your choice. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || The most frequent Romance-to-Romance transfer rules || Study the .t1x transfer rule files of Romance language pairs and distill 5-10 common rules that are common to all of them, perhaps by rewriting them into some equivalent form || [[User:Mlforcada]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || Tag and align Macedonian--Bulgarian corpus || Take a Macedonian--Bulgarian corpus, for example SETimes, tag it using the [[apertium-mk-bg]] pair, and word-align it using GIZA++. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Write a program to extract Bulgarian inflections || Write a program to extract Bulgarian inflection information for nouns from Wiktionary, see [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Bulgarian_nouns Category:Bulgarian nouns] || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || -|| - || -<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Improve the quality of a language pair by adding entries to it|| Improve the quality of a language pair by (a) running a large amount of representative text through it, (b) determining the 30 most frequent unknown words and (c) adding them to the dictionaries so that they are not unknown anymore || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Xavivars]] [[User:Fsanchez]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Improve the quality of a language pair by allowing for alternative translations || Improve the quality of a language pair by (a) detecting 5 cases where the (only) translation provided by the bilingual dictionary is not adequate in a given context, (b) adding the lexical selection module to the language, and (c) writing effective lexical selection rules to exploit that context to select a better translation || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}}, {{sc|code}} || Get bible aligner working (or rewrite it) || trunk/apertium-tools/bible_aligner.py - Should take two bible translations and output a tmx file with one verse per entry. There is a standard-ish plain-text bible translation format that we have bible translations in, and we have files that contain the names of verses of various languages mapped to English verse names || [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || tesseract interface for apertium languages || Find out what it would take to integrate apertium or voikkospell into tesseract. Document thoroughly available options on the wiki. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}} || Abstract the formatting for the [[simple-html]] interface. || The simple-html interface should be easily customisable so that people can make it look how they want. The task is to abstract the formatting and make one or more new stylesheets to change the appearance. This is basically making a way of "skinning" the interface. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}} || [[simple-html]] spell-checker interface || Add an enablable spell-checker module to the simple-html interface. Get fancy with jquery/etc. so that e.g., misspelled words are underlined in red and recommendations for each word are given in some sort of drop-down menu. Feel free to implement a dummy function for testing spelling to test the interface until the "simple-html spell-checker code" task is complete. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[simple-html]] spell-checker code || Add code to the simple-html interface that allows spell checking to be performed. Should send entire string, and be able to match each returned result to its appropriate input word. Should also update as new words are typed. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}} || [[simple-html]] morphological analysis/generation interface || Add an enablable morphology module to the simple-html interface. Should accept text and display analysis (to be gotten via code in another task) or accept analyses and return text. Functionality similar to [http://elx.dlsi.ua.es/~fran/turkic/index.php], but make interface nicer, and integratable into simple-html || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[simple-html]] morphological analysis/generation code || Add code to simple-html to query morphological analysis/generation function of apertium-apy and return results for interface to deal with accordingly || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}} || [[simple-html]] interface behaviour for language guessing || Based on results of language detection function, make simple-html highlight in the menu the n (e.g., 3) most probable languages, and select the most probable. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[simple-html]] function for language guessing || Make simple-html interface not use 2.9MB javascript module for language detection/identification. Instead it should query apertium-apy with text to get a list of languages with probabilities. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}}? || Update the [[Apertium guide for Windows users]] with new language pairs || Make sure that the [[Apertium guide for Windows users]] and the Apertium Windows installer is up to date with all the new language pairs. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Write a program to extract Faroese inflections || Write a program to extract Faroese inflection information for nouns from Wiktionary, see [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Faroese_nouns Category:Faroese nouns] || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Light Apertium bootable ISO for small machines || Using [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damn_Small_Linux Damn Small Linux] or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SliTaz_GNU/Linux SliTaz] or a similar lightweight GNU/Linux, produce the minimum-possible bootable live ISO or live USB image that contains the OS, minimum editing facilities, Apertium, and a language pair of your choice. Make sure no package that is not strictly necessary for Apertium to run is included.|| [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Firespeaker]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|code}} || Apertium in XLIFF workflows || Write a shell script and (if possible, using the filter definition files found in the documentation) a filter that takes an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XLIFF XLIFF] file such as the ones representing a computer-aided translation job and populates with translations of all segments that are not translated, marking them clearly as machine-translated. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Espla]] [[User:Fsanchez]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Examples of minimum files where an Apertium language pair messes up (X)HTML formatting || Sometimes, an Apertium language pair takes a valid HTML/XHTML source file but delivers an invalid HTML/XHTML target file, regardless of translation quality. This can usually be blamed on incorrect handling of superblanks in structural transfer rules. The task: (1) select a language pair (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works (3) download a series of HTML/XHTML files for testing purposes. Make sure they are valid using an HTML/XHTML validator (4) translate the valid files with the language pair (5) check if the translated files are also valid HTML/XHTML files; select those that aren't (6) find the first source of non-validity and study it, and strip the source file until you just have a small (valid!) source file with some text around the minimum possible example of problematic tags; save each such file and describe the error. || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Make sure an an Apertium language pair does not mess up (X)HTML formatting || (Depends on someone having performed the task 'Examples of files where an Apertium language pair messes up (X)HTML formatting' above). The task: (1) run the file through Apertium try to identify where the tags are broken or lost: this is most likely to happen in a structural transfer step; try to identify the rule where the label is broken or lost (2) repair the rule: a conservative strategy is to make sure that all superblanks (<b pos="..."/>) are output and are in the same order as in the source file. This may involve introducing new simple blanks (<b/>) and advancing the output of the superblanks coming from the source. (3) test again (4) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Examples of minimum files where an Apertium language pair messes up wordprocessor (ODT, RTF) formatting || Sometimes, an Apertium language pair takes a valid ODT or RTF source file but delivers an invalid HTML/XHTML target file, regardless of translation quality. This can usually be blamed on incorrect handling of superblanks in structural transfer rules. The task: (1) select a language pair (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works (3) download a series of ODT or RTF files for testing purposes. Make sure they are opened using LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org (4) translate the valid files with the language pair (5) check if the translated files are also valid ODT or RTF files; select those that aren't (6) find the first source of non-validity and study it, and strip the source file until you just have a small (valid!) source file with some text around the minimum possible example of problematic tags; save each such file and describe the error. || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Make sure an an Apertium language pair does not mess up wordprocessor (ODT, RTF) formatting || (Depends on someone having performed the task 'Examples of files where an Apertium language pair messes up wordprocessor formatting' above). The task: (1) run the file through Apertium try to identify where the tags are broken or lost: this is most likely to happen in a structural transfer step; try to identify the rule where the label is broken or lost (2) repair the rule: a conservative strategy is to make sure that all superblanks (<b pos="..."/>) are output and are in the same order as in the source file. This may involve introducing new simple blanks (<b/>) and advancing the output of the superblanks coming from the source. (3) test again (4) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Start a language pair involving Interlingua || Start a new language pair involving [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlingua Interlingua] using the [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_New_Language_Pair_HOWTO Apertium new language HOWTO]. Interlingua is the second most used "artificial" language, after Esperanto). As Interlingua is basically a Romance language, you can use a Romance language as the other language, and Romance-language dictionaries rules may be easily adapted. Include at least 50 very frequent words (including some grammatical words) and at least one noun--phrase transfer rule in the ia→X direction. || [[User:Mlforcada]] (will reach out also to the interlingua community) <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Generating 'machine translation memories' || Write a shell script and (using the filter definition files found in the documentation) a filter that takes a plain text file, segments it in sentences using the program segment and an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segmentation_Rules_eXchange SRX] specification (which can be borrowed from [http://www.omegat.org/ OmegaT]) and writes a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_Memory_eXchange TMX] file in which each segment is paired with its Apertium translation, ready to be used with OmegaT as a "machine translation memory" || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Espla]] [[User:Fsanchez]] (alternative mentors welcome) <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || scraper for all wiktionary pages in a category || a script that returns urls of all pages in a wiktionary category recursively (e.g., http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Bashkir_nouns should also include pages from http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Bashkir_proper_nouns ) || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || scraper of wiktionary translations between language x and y || a script that for a given wiktionary page (e.g., http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/key ) returns all available translations between two specified languages, with part of speech and meaning/sense for each || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Google Code-in]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Task_ideas_for_Google_Code-in&diff=44444Task ideas for Google Code-in2013-10-28T04:12:04Z<p>Nikant: /* Task list */</p>
<hr />
<div>This is the task ideas page for Google Code-in (http://www.google-melange.com/gci/homepage/google/gci2013), here you can find ideas on interesting tasks that will improve your knowledge of Apertium and help you get into the world of open-source development.<br />
<br />
The people column lists people who you should get in contact with to request further information. All tasks are 2 hours maximum estimated amount of time that would be spent on the task by an experienced developer, however:<br />
<br />
# '''this does not include time taken to install / set up apertium'''.<br />
# this is the time expected to take by an experienced developer, you may find that you spend more time on the task because of the learning curve. <br />
<br />
<!--Если ты не понимаешь английский язык или предпочитаешь работать над русским языком или другими языками России, смотри: [[Task ideas for Google Code-in/Russian]]--><br />
'''Categories:'''<br />
<br />
* {{sc|code}}: Tasks related to writing or refactoring code<br />
* {{sc|documentation}}: Tasks related to creating/editing documents and helping others learn more<br />
* {{sc|research}}: Tasks related to community management, outreach/marketting, or studying problems and recommending solutions<br />
* {{sc|quality}}: Tasks related to testing and ensuring code is of high quality.<br />
* {{sc|interface}}: Tasks related to user experience research or user interface design and interaction<br />
<br />
==Task list==<br />
<br />
<br />
{|class="wikitable sortable"<br />
! Category !! Title !! Description !! Mentors<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|quality}} || Add 50 words to the vocabulary of a language pair || (1) select a language pair, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.) detect unknown words (source words which are not in the dictionaries of the language pair). (4) add 50 such words (preferably the most frequent unknown words) to the source dictionary, add the correspondence to the bilingual dictionary, and add the word to the target dictionary if not already there. (5) Compile and test again(6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:ilnar.salimzyan]] [[User:Xavivars]] [[User:Bech]] [[User:Jimregan|Jimregan]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Fsanchez]][[User:Nikant]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|quality}} || Add/correct one structural transfer rule to an existing language pair || (1) select a language pair, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get[http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, detect one structural transfer rule (.t1x, .t2x, .t3x) wrong or missing (local agreement -gender, number, etc.- is inadequate, local word order in a phrase is inadequate, there is a word too much or a word missing, etc.); (4) write a new rule or correct the existing rule. (5) Compile and test again. (6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access). || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:ilnar.salimzyan]] [[User:Unhammer]][[User:Nikant]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|quality}} || Write 10 lexical selection rules for a language pair already set up with lexical selection || (1) select a language pair that is already set up for lexical selection, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get[http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.), detect cases of inadequate lexical choice, that is, the translation is grammatical but the translation selected for one word is not correct (because the source word is polysemous or has more than one meaning). (4) Add entries to the bilingual dictionary if needed and write 10 lexical selection rules that select the correct translation in the relevant context. (5) Compile and test again. (6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access). || [[User:Mlforcada]], [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:ilnar.salimzyan]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Fsanchez]][[User:Nikant]] (more mentors welcome) <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Set up a language pair to use lexical selection and write 5 rules ||(1) select a language pair that is not yet set up for lexical selection, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get[http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.), detect cases of inadequate lexical choice, that is, the translation is grammatical but the translation selected for one word is not correct (because the source word is polysemous or has more than one meaning). (4) Set up lexical selection for the language pair, add entries to the bilingual dictionary if needed, and write 5 lexical selection rules that select the correct translation in the relevant context. || [[User:Mlforcada]], [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]] (more mentors welcome) <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || - || - || - <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|quality}} || Write constraint grammar rules to repair part-of-speech tagging errors || (1) select a language pair that already uses constraint grammar for part-of-speech tagging, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.) detect part-of-speech tagging errors (the translation is not adequate because the part-of-speech tagger in Apertium has selected the wrong morphological analysis for a word that had more than one); (4) write 10 constraint grammar rules that select the desired part of speech in the relevant context(s); (5) Compile and test again, possibly after retraining the statistical part-of-speech tagger (6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]], [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:ilnar.salimzyan]] [[User:Unhammer]] (more mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Set up a language pair such that it uses constraint grammar for part-of-speech tagging || (1) select a language pair that does not yet use constraint grammar for part-of-speech tagging, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works and/or get[http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_VirtualBox Apertium VirtualBox] and update, check out & compile the language pair. (3) Using a large enough corpus of the source language (e.g. plain text taken from Wikipedia, newspapers, literature, etc.) detect part-of-speech tagging errors (the translation is not adequate because the part-of-speech tagger in Apertium has selected the wrong morphological analysis for a word that had more than one); (4) set it up so that it uses it (get inspiration from constraint grammar files from other languages) and write 5 constraint grammar rules that select the desired part of speech in the relevant context(s); (5) Compile and test again, possibly after retraining the statistical part-of-speech tagger (6) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]], [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]] (more mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Dictionary conversion || Write a conversion module for an existing dictionary for apertium-dixtools. || [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Dictionary conversion in python || Write a conversion module for an existing free bilingual dictionary to [[lttoolbox]] format using Python. || [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Localised available languages function in [[apertium-apy]] || Make a new function for [[apertium-apy]], is takes as input a language code, and as output gives the list of available pairs, and their translations in the language specified by the language code. You will probably need to know JavaScript and Python. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Language detection in [[apertium-apy]] || Make a new function for [[apertium-apy]], that allows the language of some input text to be identified. This function should return a dict of languages and probabilities. For this task you will also need to train models for the language identifier. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || SSL in [[apertium-apy]] || Make [[apertium-apy]] optionally use SSL. (If you put simple-html on an ssl domain, new browsers won't let you do plaintext/non-ssl ajax). || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Unhammer]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[libvoikko]] support for [[apertium-apy]] || Write a function for [[apertium-apy]] that checks the spelling of an input string and for each word returns whether the word is correct, and if unknown returns suggestions. Whether segmentation is done by the client or by apertium-apy will have to be figured out. You will also need to add scanning for spelling modes to the initialisation section. Try to find a sensible way to structure the requests and returned data with JSON. Add a switch to allow someone to turn off support for this (use argparse set_false). || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || *-morph and *-gener modes for [[apertium-apy]] || Write a function each for [[apertium-apy]] that does morphological analysis and morphological generation. You'll also need to add scanning for such modes to the initialisation section. Try to find a sensible way to structure the requests and returned data with JSON. Add a switch to allow someone to turn off support for this (use argparse set_false). || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || performance tracking in [[apertium-apy]] || Add a way for [[apertium-apy]] to keep track of number of words in input and time between sending input to a pipeline and receiving output, for the last n (e.g., 100) requests, and write a function to return the average words per second over something<n (e.g., 10) requests. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[apertium-apy]] gateway || Write an intermediary server that takes [[apertium-apy]] requests and forwards them to one server from a list of apertium-apy servers:ports (round-robin style or similar) || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[apertium-apy]] gateway server pool management || write a function that's called every n requests that polls the server pool and reorders the list of available servers based on speed (i.e., fastest servers first) || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}}, {{sc|quality}} || test and document init scripts for [[apertium-apy]] || Try setting up apertium-apy to run on startup using Upstart (Ubuntu) using [http://apertium.codepad.org/oGjzmx3o this script], check that it actually starts up on startup and restarts when you kill it. Document how you did it on the wiki || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}}, {{sc|quality}} || test and document init scripts for [[apertium-apy]] || Try setting up apertium-apy to run on startup using systemd (Fedora, Arch Linux, SUSE) using [http://apertium.codepad.org/yG39cE81 this script], check that it actually starts up on startup and restarts when you kill it. Document how you did it on the wiki || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}}, {{sc|quality}} || test and document init scripts for [[apertium-apy]] || Try setting up apertium-apy to run on startup using inittab e.g. [http://mywiki.wooledge.org/ProcessManagement?highlight=%28signals%29#How_can_I_check_to_see_if_my_game_server_is_still_running.3F__I.27ll_put_a_script_in_crontab.2C_and_if_it.27s_not_running.2C_I.27ll_restart_it... like this], check that it actually starts up on startup and restarts when you kill it. Document how you did it on the wiki || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|documentation}} || cronjob to detect a "hang" for [[apertium-apy]] || Write a script that tries to translate something via a local [[apertium-apy]], and if it doesn't respond nicely within a certain amount of time (e.g. curl times out and exits with non-zero status, or the translation is wrong/empty), then "initctl restart apertium-apy" (Upstart) or "systemctl restart apertium-apy" (systemd); post the contents of the script on the wiki and how to set it up. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || make [[apertium-apy]] use one lock per pipeline || make [[apertium-apy]] use one lock per pipeline, since we don't need to wait for mk-en just because sme-nob is running. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} ||<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || make voikkospell understand apertium stream format input || Make voikkospell understand apertium stream format input, e.g. ^word/analysis1/analysis2$, voikkospell should only interpret the 'word' part to be spellchecked. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || make voikkospell return output in apertium stream format || make voikkospell return output suggestions in apertium stream format, e.g. ^correctword$ or ^incorrectword/correct1/correct2$ || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || libvoikko support for OS X || Make a spell server for OS X's system-wide spell checker to use arbitrary languages through libvoikko. See https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/SpellCheck/Tasks/CreatingSpellServer.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/20000770-BAJFBAAH for more information || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document: setting up libreoffice voikko on Ubuntu/debian || document how to set up libreoffice voikko working with a language on Ubuntu and debian || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document: setting up libreoffice voikko on Fedora || document how to set up libreoffice voikko working with a language on Fedora || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document: setting up libreoffice voikko on Windows || document how to set up libreoffice voikko working with a language on Windows || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document: setting up libreoffice voikko on OS X || document how to set up libreoffice voikko working with a language on OS X || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || libenchant support for various languages via libvoikko || || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document how to set up libenchant to work with libvoikko || || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || document how to add a language module (zhfst) to libvoikko for use with libenchant || || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|interface}} || geriaoueg hover functionality || firefox/iceweasel plugin which, when enabled, allows one to hover over a word and get a pop-up; interface only. Should be something like [http://www.bbc.co.uk/apps/nr/vocab/cy-en/www.bbc.co.uk/newyddion/] or [http://lingro.com] .<br />
|| [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}}, {{sc|interface}} || geriaoueg hover functionality || chrome/chromium plugin which, when enabled, allows one to hover over a word and get a pop-up; interface only. Should be something like [http://www.bbc.co.uk/apps/nr/vocab/cy-en/www.bbc.co.uk/newyddion/] or [http://lingro.com] . || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || geriaoueg language/pair selection || firefox/iceweasel plugin which queries apertium API for available languages and allows the user to set the language pair in preferences || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || geriaoueg language/pair selection || chrome/chromium plugin which queries apertium API for available languages and allows the user to set the language pair in preferences || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || geriaoueg lookup code || firefox/iceweasel plugin which queries apertium API for a word by sending a context (±n words) and the position of the word in the context and gets translation for language pair xxx-yyy || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[user:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || geriaoueg lookup code || chrome/chromium plugin which queries apertium API for a word by sending a context (±n words) and the position of the word in the context and gets translation for language pair xxx-yyy || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[user:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || apertium-apy translation-per-word mode || apertium-apy function/mode that runs analyser (-morph), then returns output of biltrans for each analysis; will need to decide whether it makes sense to return once, as a list, or return multiple times, once for each analysis (probably the former) || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || apertium-apy mode for geriaoueg (biltrans in context) || apertium-apy function that accepts a context (e.g., ±n ~words around word) and a position in the context of a word, gets biltrans output on entire context, and returns translation for the word || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || make apertium-quality work with python3.3 on all platforms || migrate apertium-quality away from distribute to newer setup-tools so it installs correctly in more recent versions of python (known incompatible: python3.3 OS X, known compatible: MacPorts python3.2) || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || - || - || - <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || How much of a given sentence pair is explained by Apertium? || Write (in some scripting language of your choice) a command-line program that takes an Apertium language pair, a source-language sentence S, and a target-language sentence T, and outputs the set of pairs of subsegments (s,t) such that s is a subsegment of S, t a subsegment of T and t is the Apertium translation of s or vice-versa (a subsegment is a sequence of whole words). || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Espla]] [[User:Fsanchez]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Compare Apertium with another MT system and improve it || This tasks aims at improving an Apertium language pair when a web-accessible system exists for it in the 'net. Particularly good if the system is (approximately) rule-based such as [http://www.lucysoftware.com/english/machine-translation/lucy-lt-kwik-translator-/ Lucy], [http://www.reverso.net/text_translation.aspx?lang=EN Reverso], [http://www.systransoft.com/free-online-translation Systran] or [http://www.freetranslation.com/ SDL Free Translation]: (1) Install the Apertium language pair, ideally such that the source language is a language you know (L₂) and the target language a language you use every day (L₁). (2) Collect a corpus of text (newspaper, wikipedia) Segment it in sentences (using e.g., libsegment-java or a similar processor and a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segmentation_Rules_eXchange SRX] segmentation rule file borrowed from e.g. OmegaT) and put each sentence in a line. Run the corpus through Apertium and through the other system Select those sentences where both outputs are very similar (e.g, 90% coincident). Decide which one is better. If the other language is better than Apertium, think of what modification could be done for Apertium to produce the same output, and make 3 such modifications.|| [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Jimregan|Jimregan]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Check that the [[Apertium guide for Windows users]] still works || We have an Apertium guide for Windows users, to help them install on Windows. Check that it works, and if not, report any bugs you find. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Installation instructions for missing GNU/Linux distributions or versions || Adapt installation instructions for a particular GNU/Linux or Unix-like distribution if the existing instructions in the Apertium wiki do not work or have bugs of some kind. Prepare it in your user space in the Apertium wiki. It may be uploaded to the main wiki when approved. || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Installing Apertium in lightweight GNU/Linux distributions || Give instructions on how to install Apertium in one of the small or lightweight GNU/Linux distributions such as [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damn_Small_Linux Damn Small Linux] or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SliTaz_GNU/Linux SliTaz], so that may be used in older machines || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Bech]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || -|| - || -<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || What's difficult about this language pair? || For a language pair that is not in trunk or staging such that you know well the two languages involved, write a document describing the main problems that Apertium developers would encounter when developing that language pair (for that, you need to know very well how Apertium works). Note that there may be two such documents, one for A→B and the other for B→A Prepare it in your user space in the Apertium wiki.It may be uploaded to the main wiki when approved. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Jimregan|Jimregan]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Video guide to installation || Prepare a screencast or video about installing Apertium; make sure it uses a format that may be viewed with Free software. When approved by your mentor, upload it to youtube, making sure that you use the HTML5 format which may be viewed by modern browsers without having to use proprietary plugins such as Adobe Flash. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Firespeaker]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Apertium in 5 slides || Write a 5-slide HTML presentation (only needing a modern browser to be viewed and ready to be effectively "karaoked" by some else in 5 minutes or less: you can prove this with a screencast) in the language in which you write more fluently, which describes Apertium, how it works, and what makes it different from other machine translation systems. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Firespeaker]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || Improved "Become a language-pair developer" document || Read the document [[Become_a_language_pair_developer_for_Apertium]] and think of ways to improve it (don't do this if you have not done any of the language pair tasks). Send comments to your mentor and/or repare it in your user space in the Apertium wiki. There will be a chance to change the document later in the Apertium Wiki. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Bech]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|documentation}} || An entry test for Apertium || Write 20 multiple-choice questions about Apertium. Each question will give 3 options of which only one is true, so that we can build an "Apertium exam" for future GSoC/GCI/developers. Optionally, add an explanation for the correct answer. || [[User:Mlforcada]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || Write a contrastive grammar || Using a grammar book/resource document 20 sample cases of grammatical differences between two languages; put it on the wiki under Language1_and_Language2/Contrastive_grammar || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || Hand annotate 250 words of running text. || Use [[apertium annotatrix]] to hand-annotate 250 words of running text from Wikipedia for a language of your choice. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || The most frequent Romance-to-Romance transfer rules || Study the .t1x transfer rule files of Romance language pairs and distill 5-10 common rules that are common to all of them, perhaps by rewriting them into some equivalent form || [[User:Mlforcada]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || Tag and align Macedonian--Bulgarian corpus || Take a Macedonian--Bulgarian corpus, for example SETimes, tag it using the [[apertium-mk-bg]] pair, and word-align it using GIZA++. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Write a program to extract Bulgarian inflections || Write a program to extract Bulgarian inflection information for nouns from Wiktionary, see [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Bulgarian_nouns Category:Bulgarian nouns] || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || -|| - || -<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Improve the quality of a language pair by adding entries to it|| Improve the quality of a language pair by (a) running a large amount of representative text through it, (b) determining the 30 most frequent unknown words and (c) adding them to the dictionaries so that they are not unknown anymore || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Xavivars]] [[User:Fsanchez]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Improve the quality of a language pair by allowing for alternative translations || Improve the quality of a language pair by (a) detecting 5 cases where the (only) translation provided by the bilingual dictionary is not adequate in a given context, (b) adding the lexical selection module to the language, and (c) writing effective lexical selection rules to exploit that context to select a better translation || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Unhammer]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|quality}}, {{sc|code}} || Get bible aligner working (or rewrite it) || trunk/apertium-tools/bible_aligner.py - Should take two bible translations and output a tmx file with one verse per entry. There is a standard-ish plain-text bible translation format that we have bible translations in, and we have files that contain the names of verses of various languages mapped to English verse names || [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|research}} || tesseract interface for apertium languages || Find out what it would take to integrate apertium or voikkospell into tesseract. Document thoroughly available options on the wiki. || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}} || Abstract the formatting for the [[simple-html]] interface. || The simple-html interface should be easily customisable so that people can make it look how they want. The task is to abstract the formatting and make one or more new stylesheets to change the appearance. This is basically making a way of "skinning" the interface. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}} || [[simple-html]] spell-checker interface || Add an enablable spell-checker module to the simple-html interface. Get fancy with jquery/etc. so that e.g., misspelled words are underlined in red and recommendations for each word are given in some sort of drop-down menu. Feel free to implement a dummy function for testing spelling to test the interface until the "simple-html spell-checker code" task is complete. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[simple-html]] spell-checker code || Add code to the simple-html interface that allows spell checking to be performed. Should send entire string, and be able to match each returned result to its appropriate input word. Should also update as new words are typed. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}} || [[simple-html]] morphological analysis/generation interface || Add an enablable morphology module to the simple-html interface. Should accept text and display analysis (to be gotten via code in another task) or accept analyses and return text. Functionality similar to [http://elx.dlsi.ua.es/~fran/turkic/index.php], but make interface nicer, and integratable into simple-html || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[simple-html]] morphological analysis/generation code || Add code to simple-html to query morphological analysis/generation function of apertium-apy and return results for interface to deal with accordingly || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}} || [[simple-html]] interface behaviour for language guessing || Based on results of language detection function, make simple-html highlight in the menu the n (e.g., 3) most probable languages, and select the most probable. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || [[simple-html]] function for language guessing || Make simple-html interface not use 2.9MB javascript module for language detection/identification. Instead it should query apertium-apy with text to get a list of languages with probabilities. || [[User:Francis Tyers]] [[User:Firespeaker]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|interface}}? || Update the [[Apertium guide for Windows users]] with new language pairs || Make sure that the [[Apertium guide for Windows users]] and the Apertium Windows installer is up to date with all the new language pairs. || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Write a program to extract Faroese inflections || Write a program to extract Faroese inflection information for nouns from Wiktionary, see [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Faroese_nouns Category:Faroese nouns] || [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Light Apertium bootable ISO for small machines || Using [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damn_Small_Linux Damn Small Linux] or [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SliTaz_GNU/Linux SliTaz] or a similar lightweight GNU/Linux, produce the minimum-possible bootable live ISO or live USB image that contains the OS, minimum editing facilities, Apertium, and a language pair of your choice. Make sure no package that is not strictly necessary for Apertium to run is included.|| [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Firespeaker]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|code}} || Apertium in XLIFF workflows || Write a shell script and (if possible, using the filter definition files found in the documentation) a filter that takes an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XLIFF XLIFF] file such as the ones representing a computer-aided translation job and populates with translations of all segments that are not translated, marking them clearly as machine-translated. || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Espla]] [[User:Fsanchez]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Examples of minimum files where an Apertium language pair messes up (X)HTML formatting || Sometimes, an Apertium language pair takes a valid HTML/XHTML source file but delivers an invalid HTML/XHTML target file, regardless of translation quality. This can usually be blamed on incorrect handling of superblanks in structural transfer rules. The task: (1) select a language pair (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works (3) download a series of HTML/XHTML files for testing purposes. Make sure they are valid using an HTML/XHTML validator (4) translate the valid files with the language pair (5) check if the translated files are also valid HTML/XHTML files; select those that aren't (6) find the first source of non-validity and study it, and strip the source file until you just have a small (valid!) source file with some text around the minimum possible example of problematic tags; save each such file and describe the error. || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Make sure an an Apertium language pair does not mess up (X)HTML formatting || (Depends on someone having performed the task 'Examples of files where an Apertium language pair messes up (X)HTML formatting' above). The task: (1) run the file through Apertium try to identify where the tags are broken or lost: this is most likely to happen in a structural transfer step; try to identify the rule where the label is broken or lost (2) repair the rule: a conservative strategy is to make sure that all superblanks (<b pos="..."/>) are output and are in the same order as in the source file. This may involve introducing new simple blanks (<b/>) and advancing the output of the superblanks coming from the source. (3) test again (4) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|- <br />
| {{sc|quality}} || Examples of minimum files where an Apertium language pair messes up wordprocessor (ODT, RTF) formatting || Sometimes, an Apertium language pair takes a valid ODT or RTF source file but delivers an invalid HTML/XHTML target file, regardless of translation quality. This can usually be blamed on incorrect handling of superblanks in structural transfer rules. The task: (1) select a language pair (2) Install Apertium locally from the Subversion repository; install the language pair; make sure that it works (3) download a series of ODT or RTF files for testing purposes. Make sure they are opened using LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org (4) translate the valid files with the language pair (5) check if the translated files are also valid ODT or RTF files; select those that aren't (6) find the first source of non-validity and study it, and strip the source file until you just have a small (valid!) source file with some text around the minimum possible example of problematic tags; save each such file and describe the error. || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Make sure an an Apertium language pair does not mess up wordprocessor (ODT, RTF) formatting || (Depends on someone having performed the task 'Examples of files where an Apertium language pair messes up wordprocessor formatting' above). The task: (1) run the file through Apertium try to identify where the tags are broken or lost: this is most likely to happen in a structural transfer step; try to identify the rule where the label is broken or lost (2) repair the rule: a conservative strategy is to make sure that all superblanks (<b pos="..."/>) are output and are in the same order as in the source file. This may involve introducing new simple blanks (<b/>) and advancing the output of the superblanks coming from the source. (3) test again (4) Submit a patch to your mentor (or commit it if you have already gained developer access) || [[User:Mlforcada]] (alternative mentors welcome)<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Start a language pair involving Interlingua || Start a new language pair involving [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interlingua Interlingua] using the [http://wiki.apertium.org/wiki/Apertium_New_Language_Pair_HOWTO Apertium new language HOWTO]. Interlingua is the second most used "artificial" language, after Esperanto). As Interlingua is basically a Romance language, you can use a Romance language as the other language, and Romance-language dictionaries rules may be easily adapted. Include at least 50 very frequent words (including some grammatical words) and at least one noun--phrase transfer rule in the ia→X direction. || [[User:Mlforcada]] (will reach out also to the interlingua community) <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || Generating 'machine translation memories' || Write a shell script and (using the filter definition files found in the documentation) a filter that takes a plain text file, segments it in sentences using the program segment and an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segmentation_Rules_eXchange SRX] specification (which can be borrowed from [http://www.omegat.org/ OmegaT]) and writes a [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translation_Memory_eXchange TMX] file in which each segment is paired with its Apertium translation, ready to be used with OmegaT as a "machine translation memory" || [[User:Mlforcada]] [[User:Espla]] [[User:Fsanchez]] (alternative mentors welcome) <br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || scraper for all wiktionary pages in a category || a script that returns urls of all pages in a wiktionary category recursively (e.g., http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Bashkir_nouns should also include pages from http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Bashkir_proper_nouns ) || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|-<br />
| {{sc|code}} || scraper of wiktionary translations between language x and y || a script that for a given wiktionary page (e.g., http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/key ) returns all available translations between two specified languages, with part of speech and meaning/sense for each || [[User:Firespeaker]] [[User:Francis Tyers]]<br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Google Code-in]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42904Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-07-28T18:13:37Z<p>Nikant: /* Testing Rules For Article */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठ है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
==Testing Rules For Article==<br />
<br />
;Noun groups:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|हमारे राष्ट्रीय त्योहार ।|our national festivals.}}<br />
<br />
;Postpositional groups:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|हमारे राष्ट्रीय त्योहार ।|our national festivals.}}<br />
* {{test|hin|लोकतंत्र में विश्वास ।|faith in democracy. }}<br />
<br />
;Verb groups:<br />
<br />
;Pronoun groups:<br />
* {{test|hin|उसकी बहन है |is his sister }}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पांच साल की है |she is of six years }}<br />
;Miscellaneous:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|महान हिमालय से रक्षित तथा पवित्र गंगा से सिंचित हमारा भारत एक स्वतंत्र आत्मनिर्भर देश है । Protected by the Great Himalayas and irrigated by the holy Ganges our India is a free independent country }}<br />
* {{test|hin|पवित्र गंगा से सिंचित ।|irrigated by sacred Ganges. }}<br />
* {{test|hin|भारत एक स्वतंत्र देश है |India is a independent country }}<br />
* {{test|hin|जेम्स कहॉं है |where is james }}<br />
* {{test|hin|जेम्स और मैरी बगीचे में हैं |James and Mary are in garden }}<br />
* {{test|hin|मौसम अच्छा है |weather is good }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बहुत गरम है |is too hot }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बहुत ठंडा था |was too cold }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बाहर नहीं खेल सकते थे |could not play outside }}<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42903Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-07-28T18:12:55Z<p>Nikant: /* Testing Rules For Article */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठ है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
==Testing Rules For Article==<br />
<br />
;Noun groups:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|हमारे राष्ट्रीय त्योहार ।|our national festivals.}}<br />
<br />
;Postpositional groups:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|हमारे राष्ट्रीय त्योहार ।|our national festivals.}}<br />
* {{test|hin|लोकतंत्र में विश्वास ।|faith in democracy. }}<br />
<br />
;Verb groups:<br />
<br />
;Pronoun groups:<br />
* {{test|hin|उसकी बहन है |is his sister }}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पांच साल की है |she is of six years }}<br />
;Miscellaneous:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|महान हिमालय से रक्षित तथा पवित्र गंगा से सिंचित हमारा भारत एक स्वतंत्र आत्मनिर्भर देश है। । Protected by the Great Himalayas and irrigated by the holy Ganges our India is a free independent country. }}<br />
* {{test|hin|पवित्र गंगा से सिंचित ।|irrigated by sacred Ganges. }}<br />
* {{test|hin|भारत एक स्वतंत्र देश है |India is a independent country }}<br />
* {{test|hin|जेम्स कहॉं है |where is james }}<br />
* {{test|hin|जेम्स और मैरी बगीचे में हैं |James and Mary are in garden }}<br />
* {{test|hin|मौसम अच्छा है |weather is good }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बहुत गरम है |is too hot }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बहुत ठंडा था |was too cold }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बाहर नहीं खेल सकते थे |could not play outside }}<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42902Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-07-28T11:52:55Z<p>Nikant: /* Testing Rules For Article */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठ है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
==Testing Rules For Article==<br />
<br />
;Noun groups:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|हमारे राष्ट्रीय त्योहार ।|our national festivals.}}<br />
<br />
;Postpositional groups:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|हमारे राष्ट्रीय त्योहार ।|our national festivals.}}<br />
* {{test|hin|लोकतंत्र में विश्वास ।|faith in democracy. }}<br />
<br />
;Verb groups:<br />
<br />
;Pronoun groups:<br />
* {{test|hin|उसकी बहन है |is his sister }}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पांच साल की है |she is of six years }}<br />
;Miscellaneous:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|महान हिमालय से रक्षित ।|protected by great Himalayas. }}<br />
* {{test|hin|पवित्र गंगा से सिंचित ।|irrigated by sacred Ganges. }}<br />
* {{test|hin|भारत एक स्वतंत्र देश है |India is a independent country }}<br />
* {{test|hin|जेम्स कहॉं है |where is james }}<br />
* {{test|hin|जेम्स और मैरी बगीचे में हैं |James and Mary are in garden }}<br />
* {{test|hin|मौसम अच्छा है |weather is good }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बहुत गरम है |is too hot }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बहुत ठंडा था |was too cold }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बाहर नहीं खेल सकते थे |could not play outside }}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Results&diff=42901Hindi and English/Results2013-07-27T17:05:13Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''RESULTS'''<br />
<br />
Coverage at the end of 6th week : <br />
<br />
Corpora size : 516 MB<br />
Total analysed words : 11149016<br />
<br />
Coverage for morphological analyser : 82.9%<br /><br /><br />
<br />
Coverage for Bilingual dictionary : 75.3%<br /></div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42900Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-07-27T16:56:39Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठ है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
==Testing Rules For Article==<br />
<br />
;Noun groups:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|हमारे राष्ट्रीय त्योहार ।|our national festivals.}}<br />
<br />
;Postpositional groups:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|हमारे राष्ट्रीय त्योहार ।|our national festivals.}}<br />
* {{test|hin|लोकतंत्र में विश्वास ।|faith in democracy. }}<br />
<br />
;Verb groups:<br />
<br />
;Miscellaneous:<br />
<br />
* {{test|hin|महान हिमालय से रक्षित ।|protected by great Himalayas. }}<br />
* {{test|hin|पवित्र गंगा से सिंचित ।|irrigated by sacred Ganges. }}<br />
* {{test|hin|भारत एक स्वतंत्र देश है |India is a independent country }}<br />
* {{test|hin|जेम्स कहॉं है |where is james }}<br />
* {{test|hin|जेम्स और मैरी बगीचे में हैं |James and Mary are in garden }}<br />
* {{test|hin|मौसम अच्छा है |weather is good }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बहुत गरम है |is too hot }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बहुत ठंडा था |was too cold }}<br />
* {{test|hin|बाहर नहीं खेल सकते थे |could not play outside }}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42873Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-07-24T06:59:34Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठ है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
==Testing Rules For Aticle==<br />
* {{test|hin|लोकतंत्र में विश्वास |faith in democracy }}<br />
* {{test|hin|महान हिमालय से रक्षित |protected by great Himalayas }}<br />
* {{test|hin|पवित्र गंगा से सिंचित |irrigated by sacred ganga }}<br />
* {{test|hin|मेरे देश का नाम |name of my country }}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42872Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-07-24T06:59:07Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठ है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
==Testing Rules For Aticle==<br />
* {{test|hin|लोकतंत्र में विश्वास |faith in democracy }}<br />
* {{test|hin|महान हिमालय से रक्षित |protected by great Himalayas }}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42871Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-07-24T06:58:22Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठ है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
==Testing Rules For Aticle==<br />
* {{test|hin|लोकतंत्र में विश्वास |faith in democracy }}<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42870Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-07-24T06:56:25Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठ है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Results&diff=42550Hindi and English/Results2013-07-05T22:01:37Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''RESULTS'''<br />
<br />
Coverage at the end of 2nd week : <br />
<br />
Corpora size : 516 MB<br />
Total analysed words : 11149016<br />
<br />
Total Words in Hindi Dictionary : 29012<br /><br />
Total Paradigms in Hindi Dictionary : 91<br /><br />
Words which gave successful morphological analysis : 8916983<br /><br />
Coverage for morphological analyser : 79.98%<br /><br /><br />
<br />
Total Words in bilingual Dictionary : 19965<br /><br />
Words which gave successful bilingual translation : 6243448<br /><br />
Coverage for Bilingual dictionary : 56%<br /></div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Results&diff=42549Hindi and English/Results2013-07-05T22:00:46Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''RESULTS'''<br />
<br />
Coverage at the end of 2nd week : <br />
<br />
Corpora size : 516 MB<br />
Total analysed words : 11149016<br />
<br />
Total Words in Hindi Dictionary : 29012<br />
Total Paradigms in Hindi Dictionary : 91<br />
Words which gave successful morphological analysis : 8916983<br />
Coverage for morphological analyser : 79.98%<br />
<br />
Total Words in bilingual Dictionary : 19965<br />
Words which gave successful bilingual translation : 6243448<br />
Coverage for Bilingual dictionary : 56%</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Results&diff=42548Hindi and English/Results2013-07-05T21:38:43Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''RESULTS'''<br />
<br />
Coverage at the end of 2nd week : <br />
<br />
Corpora size : 400 MB<br />
Total analysed words : 6791389<br />
<br />
Words which gave successful morphological analysis : 5418252<br />
Coverage for morphological analyser : 79.98%<br />
<br />
Words which gave successful bilingual translation : 1867631 <br />
Coverage for Bilingual dictionary : 60.4%</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Results&diff=42494Hindi and English/Results2013-07-03T01:00:02Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''RESULTS'''<br />
<br />
Coverage at the end of 2nd week : <br />
<br />
Corpora size : 50 MB<br />
Total analysed words : 3091086 <br />
<br />
Words which gave successful morphological analysis : 2528393<br />
Coverage for morphological analyser : 81.79%<br />
<br />
Words which gave successful bilingual translation : 1867631 <br />
Coverage for Bilingual dictionary : 60.4%</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Results&diff=42493Hindi and English/Results2013-07-03T00:59:43Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''RESULTS'''<br />
<br />
Coverage at the end of 2nd week : <br />
<br />
Corpora size : 50 MB<br />
Total analysed words : 3091086 <br />
<br />
Words which gave successful morphological analysis : 2528393<br />
Coverage for morphological analyser : 81.79%<br />
<br />
Words which gave successful bilingual translation : 1867631 <br />
Coverage for Bilingual dictionary : 60.4%<br />
<br />
<br />
Testvoc Results :<br />
<br />
POS Total Clean With @ With # Clean %<br />
n 84811 68711 8174 <br />
adj 54763 46806 7944 <br />
vblex 1313 151 671 <br />
adv 669 2 423 <br />
vaux 494 86 36 <br />
num 212 13 199 <br />
prn 97 3 12 <br />
np 93 0 86 <br />
vbser 37 0 35 <br />
det 37 35 0 <br />
post 25 11 0 <br />
pr 14 1 0 <br />
cnjcoo 9 0 0 <br />
cnjadv 9 0 0 <br />
cnjsub 1 0 0 <br />
vbmod 0 0 0 <br />
vbhaver 0 0 0 <br />
rel 0 0 0 <br />
preadv 0 0 0 <br />
ij 0 0 0 <br />
guio 0 0 0 <br />
cm 0 0 0 <br />
abbr 0 0 0</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Results&diff=42492Hindi and English/Results2013-07-03T00:59:09Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>'''RESULTS'''<br />
<br />
Coverage at the end of 2nd week : <br />
<br />
Corpora size : 50 MB<br />
Total analysed words : 3091086 <br />
<br />
Words which gave successful morphological analysis : 2528393<br />
Coverage for morphological analyser : 81.79%<br />
<br />
Words which gave successful bilingual translation : 1867631 <br />
Coverage for Bilingual dictionary : 60.4%<br />
<br />
<br />
Testvoc Results :<br />
<br />
Wed Jul 3 06:56:46 IST 2013<br />
===============<br />
===============================<br />
POS Total Clean With @ With # Clean %<br />
n 84811 68711 8174 <br />
adj 54763 46806 7944 <br />
vblex 1313 151 671 <br />
adv 669 2 423 <br />
vaux 494 86 36 <br />
num 212 13 199 <br />
prn 97 3 12 <br />
np 93 0 86 <br />
vbser 37 0 35 <br />
det 37 35 0 <br />
post 25 11 0 <br />
pr 14 1 0 <br />
cnjcoo 9 0 0 <br />
cnjadv 9 0 0 <br />
cnjsub 1 0 0 <br />
vbmod 0 0 0 <br />
vbhaver 0 0 0 <br />
rel 0 0 0 <br />
preadv 0 0 0 <br />
ij 0 0 0 <br />
guio 0 0 0 <br />
cm 0 0 0 <br />
abbr 0 0 0 <br />
===============================================</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Results&diff=42491Hindi and English/Results2013-07-03T00:53:04Z<p>Nikant: Created page with ''''RESULTS''' Coverage at the end of 2nd week : Corpora size : 50 MB Total analysed words : 3091086 Words which gave successful morphological analysis : 2528393 Coverage for…'</p>
<hr />
<div>'''RESULTS'''<br />
<br />
Coverage at the end of 2nd week : <br />
<br />
Corpora size : 50 MB<br />
Total analysed words : 3091086 <br />
<br />
Words which gave successful morphological analysis : 2528393<br />
Coverage for morphological analyser : 81.79%<br />
<br />
Words which gave successful bilingual translation : 1867631 <br />
Coverage for Bilingual dictionary : 60.4%</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English&diff=42059Hindi and English2013-06-05T12:31:48Z<p>Nikant: /* Todo list */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{TOCD}}<br />
<br />
==Todo list==<br />
{{main|/Work plan|Work plan}}<br />
<br />
* <s>Check that [https://apertium.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/apertium/branches/xupaixkar/rasskaz/en.txt the story] is correctly translated from English to Hindi and that there are no missing sentences.</s><br />
* <s>Fix spelling errors in the story.</s><br />
* <s>Add other personal pronouns on the model of 'I' -- in both the Hindi dictionary and the bilingual dictionary.</s><br />
* <s>Come up with short example sentences (they should include a verb) for common postpositions "with the cat" "under the table". etc.</s><br />
* Every word in the bidix should have a POS tag<br />
* <s>Every noun on the Hindi side should have gender.</s><br />
* Adjectives in English in the bidix should be marked for 'sint'.<br />
* Check if there are any forms missing from [[#Verb_conjugation]]<br />
<br />
==Disambiguation==<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
^बच्चों/बच्चा<n><m><pl><obl>$ <br />
^की/का<post><f><sg><nom>/का<post><f><sg><obl>/का<post><f><pl><nom>/का<post><f><pl><obl>$ <br />
^मॉं/मॉं<n><f><sg><nom>/मॉं<n><f><sg><obl>$ <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==Grammar stuff==<br />
<br />
===Noun phrase===<br />
<br />
===Postpositional phrase===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
NP-obl post<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Postposition can be simple or kā + adv/noun.<br />
<br />
===Genitive phrase===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
SN-obl kā-$GEN.$NBR.nom SN-$GEN.$NBR.nom<br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
===Verb conjugation===<br />
<div style="float:right"><br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Tag !! Description<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|impf}} || Imperfective participle<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|perf}} || Perfective participle<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|inf}} || Infinitive<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|prs}} || Subjunctive<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|fut}} || Future<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|imp}} || Imperative<br />
|-<br />
| ... || ...<br />
|- <br />
|}<br />
</div><br />
; Transitive<br />
<br />
* Imperfective participle: -taa, -tii, -te, -tii<br />
* Perfective participle: -aa, -ii, -e, -iim<br />
* Infinitive: -naa<br />
* Subjunctive: -uum, -e, -e, -em, -o, -em<br />
* Future: subjunctive + -gaa, -ge, -gii, -gii<br />
* Imperative:<br />
* Verbal adverbs: -kar / -0 kar<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
बोल; बोलना; inf.nom; vblex.tv <br />
बोल; बोलने; inf.obl; vblex.tv <br />
बोल; बोलता; impf.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलती; impf.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलते; impf.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलती; impf.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोला; perf.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोली; perf.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; perf.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोली; perf.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूं; prs.p1.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; prs.p2.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; prs.p3.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलें; prs.p1.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलो; prs.p2.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलें; prs.p3.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूंगा; fut.p1.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगा; fut.p2.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगा; fut.p3.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगे; fut.p1.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलोगे; fut.p2.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगे; fut.p3.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूंगी; fut.p1.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगी; fut.p2.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगी; fut.p3.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगी; fut.p1.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलोगी; fut.p2.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगी; fut.p3.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोल; imp.p2.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलो; imp.p2.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलिए; imp.p2.frm.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलकर; gna; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलके; gna; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाला; agnt.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाली; agnt.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाले; agnt.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाली; agnt.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
; Intransitive<br />
<br />
===Verb patterns===<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "be" present<br />
<br />
* pres<br />
<br />
; stem + "raha" impf participle + "be" present<br />
<br />
* "be" present + ger<br />
<br />
; perf participle <br />
<br />
* past<br />
<br />
; perf participle + "be" present <br />
<br />
* "have" present + pp<br />
<br />
; perf participle + "be" past<br />
<br />
* past<br />
* "have" past + pp<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "be" past<br />
<br />
* past<br />
* "used to" + inf<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "raha" present + "be" past<br />
<br />
* "be" past + ger<br />
<br />
; future<br />
<br />
* "will" present + inf<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "raha" future<br />
<br />
* "will be" + ger<br />
<br />
; prs<br />
<br />
* "may" present + inf<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[/Pending tests|Pending tests]]<br />
* [[Hindi and Urdu]]<br />
* [[Hindi]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42051Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:54:14Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>subj</code> || Subject || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>frm</code> || formal || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
| <code>GD</code> || Gender to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present || -taa, -tii, -te, -tii<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || -naa<br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>imp</code> || Imperative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>impf</code> || Imperfective participle || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>perf</code> || Perfective participle || -aa, -ii, -e, -iim<br />
|-<br />
| <code>fut</code> || Future || -gaa, -ge, -gii, -gii<br />
|-<br />
| <code>prs</code> || Subjunctive || -uum, -e, -em, -o<br />
|-<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Person===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p1</code> || First person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p2</code> || Second person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p3</code> || Third person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Proper nouns ===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Note<br />
|-<br />
| <code>ant</code> || Anthroponym || Human first names (e.g. John)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pronoun Subcategory ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal Pronoun ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sint</code> || Synthetic || "nice, nicer, nicest" is synthetic. "handsome, more handsome, the most handsome" is not<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pos</code> || Possesive ||<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42050Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:53:26Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>subj</code> || Subject || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>frm</code> || formal || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
| <code>GD</code> || Gender to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present || -taa, -tii, -te, -tii<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || -naa<br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>imp</code> || Imperative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>impf</code> || Imperfective participle || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>perf</code> || Perfective participle || -aa, -ii, -e, -iim<br />
|-<br />
| <code>fut</code> || Future || -gaa, -ge, -gii, -gii<br />
|-<br />
| <code>prs</code> || Subjunctive || -uum, -e, -em, -o<br />
|-<br />
<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Person===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p1</code> || First person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p2</code> || Second person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p3</code> || Third person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Proper nouns ===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Note<br />
|-<br />
| <code>ant</code> || Anthroponym || Human first names (e.g. John)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pronoun Subcategory ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal Pronoun ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sint</code> || Synthetic || "nice, nicer, nicest" is synthetic. "handsome, more handsome, the most handsome" is not<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pos</code> || Possesive<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42049Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:44:34Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>subj</code> || Subject || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>frm</code> || formal || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
| <code>GD</code> || Gender to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Person===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p1</code> || First person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p2</code> || Second person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p3</code> || Third person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Proper nouns ===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Note<br />
|-<br />
| <code>ant</code> || Anthroponym || Human first names (e.g. John)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pronoun Subcategory ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal Pronoun ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Adjectives===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sint</code> || Synthetic || "nice, nicer, nicest" is synthetic. "handsome, more handsome, the most handsome" is not<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pos</code> || Possesive<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42048Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:33:14Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>subj</code> || Subject || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>frm</code> || formal || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Person===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p1</code> || First person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p2</code> || Second person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p3</code> || Third person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Proper nouns ==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Note<br />
|-<br />
| <code>ant</code> || Anthroponym || Human first names (e.g. John)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pronoun Subcategory ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal Pronoun ||<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42047Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:31:46Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Person===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p1</code> || First person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p2</code> || Second person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p3</code> || Third person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Proper nouns ==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Note<br />
|-<br />
| <code>ant</code> || Anthroponym || Human first names (e.g. John)<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
=== Pronoun Subcategory ===<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" <br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal Pronoun ||<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42046Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:29:23Z<p>Nikant: /* Proper nouns */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Person===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p1</code> || First person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p2</code> || Second person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p3</code> || Third person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Proper nouns ==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Note<br />
|-<br />
| <code>ant</code> || Anthroponym || Human first names (e.g. John)<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42045Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:28:46Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Person===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p1</code> || First person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p2</code> || Second person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p3</code> || Third person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
== Proper nouns ==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Numeric Value !! Note<br />
|-<br />
| <code>ant</code> || Anthroponym || 0 || Human first names (e.g. John)<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42044Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:26:09Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Person===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p1</code> || First person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p2</code> || Second person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>p3</code> || Third person ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pers</code> || Personal || <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42043Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:24:02Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsub</code> || Sub-ordinating conjunction || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
===Tense and mode===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>pres</code> || Present ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>past</code> || Past || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>inf</code> || Infinitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>itg</code> || Interrogative || <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42042Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:19:40Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Case===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>nom</code> || Nominative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>obl</code> || Oblique || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>dat</code> || Dative || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>gen</code> || Genitive || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>erg</code> || Ergative || <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42041Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:16:00Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
===Number===<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>sg</code> || Singular || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pl</code> || Plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sp</code> || Singular , plural || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ND</code> || Number to be determined ||<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42040Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:14:52Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb || <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral || <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation || <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42039Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:13:45Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !!Notes <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation <br />
|-<br />
|}<br />
<br />
==Part-of-speech Sub-categories==<br />
<br />
===Gender===<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss !! Notes<br />
|-<br />
| <code>f</code> || Feminine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>m</code> || Masculine ||<br />
|-<br />
| <code>mf</code> || Masculine , feminine || This is used where the gender can be either masculine or feminine<br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42038Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:10:06Z<p>Nikant: /* Categories */</p>
<hr />
<div>==Part-of-speech Categories==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42037Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:09:27Z<p>Nikant: /* Categories */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Categories ==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjadv</code> || Conjunctive adverb <br />
|- <br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42036Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T09:08:17Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Categories ==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vbser</code> || Verb "to be" <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vaux</code> || Auxilliary verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>post</code> || Postposition <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral <br />
|-<br />
| <code>sent</code> || Sentence-ending punctuation <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42034Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T08:58:47Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>== Categories ==<br />
<br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Symbol !! Gloss <br />
|-<br />
| <code>n</code> || Noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>np</code> || Proper noun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>vblex</code> || Standard verb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adj</code> || Adjective <br />
|-<br />
| <code>adv</code> || Adverb <br />
|-<br />
| <code>det</code> || Determiner <br />
|-<br />
| <code>prn</code> || Pronoun <br />
|-<br />
| <code>pst</code> || Postposition <br />
|-<br />
| <code>ij</code> || Interjection <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjcoo</code> || Co-ordinating Conjunction <br />
|-<br />
| <code>cnjsum</code> || Sub-ordinating Conjunction <br />
|-<br />
| <code>num</code> || Numeral <br />
|-<br />
|}</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/TagSets&diff=42033Hindi and English/TagSets2013-06-05T08:54:09Z<p>Nikant: Created page with 'hey'</p>
<hr />
<div>hey</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English&diff=42027Hindi and English2013-06-05T06:14:17Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>{{TOCD}}<br />
<br />
==Todo list==<br />
{{main|/Work plan|Work plan}}<br />
<br />
* <s>Check that [https://apertium.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/apertium/branches/xupaixkar/rasskaz/en.txt the story] is correctly translated from English to Hindi and that there are no missing sentences.</s><br />
* <s>Fix spelling errors in the story.</s><br />
* <s>Add other personal pronouns on the model of 'I' -- in both the Hindi dictionary and the bilingual dictionary.</s><br />
* <s>Come up with short example sentences (they should include a verb) for common postpositions "with the cat" "under the table". etc.</s><br />
* Every word in the bidix should have a POS tag<br />
* Every noun on the Hindi side should have gender.<br />
* Adjectives in English in the bidix should be marked for 'sint'.<br />
* Check if there are any forms missing from [[#Verb_conjugation]]<br />
<br />
==Disambiguation==<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
^बच्चों/बच्चा<n><m><pl><obl>$ <br />
^की/का<post><f><sg><nom>/का<post><f><sg><obl>/का<post><f><pl><nom>/का<post><f><pl><obl>$ <br />
^मॉं/मॉं<n><f><sg><nom>/मॉं<n><f><sg><obl>$ <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==Grammar stuff==<br />
<br />
===Noun phrase===<br />
<br />
===Postpositional phrase===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
NP-obl post<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Postposition can be simple or kā + adv/noun.<br />
<br />
===Genitive phrase===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
SN-obl kā-$GEN.$NBR.nom SN-$GEN.$NBR.nom<br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
===Verb conjugation===<br />
<div style="float:right"><br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Tag !! Description<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|impf}} || Imperfective participle<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|perf}} || Perfective participle<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|inf}} || Infinitive<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|prs}} || Subjunctive<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|fut}} || Future<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|imp}} || Imperative<br />
|-<br />
| ... || ...<br />
|- <br />
|}<br />
</div><br />
; Transitive<br />
<br />
* Imperfective participle: -taa, -tii, -te, -tii<br />
* Perfective participle: -aa, -ii, -e, -iim<br />
* Infinitive: -naa<br />
* Subjunctive: -uum, -e, -e, -em, -o, -em<br />
* Future: subjunctive + -gaa, -ge, -gii, -gii<br />
* Imperative:<br />
* Verbal adverbs: -kar / -0 kar<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
बोल; बोलना; inf.nom; vblex.tv <br />
बोल; बोलने; inf.obl; vblex.tv <br />
बोल; बोलता; impf.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलती; impf.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलते; impf.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलती; impf.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोला; perf.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोली; perf.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; perf.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोली; perf.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूं; prs.p1.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; prs.p2.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; prs.p3.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलें; prs.p1.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलो; prs.p2.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलें; prs.p3.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूंगा; fut.p1.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगा; fut.p2.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगा; fut.p3.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगे; fut.p1.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलोगे; fut.p2.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगे; fut.p3.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूंगी; fut.p1.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगी; fut.p2.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगी; fut.p3.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगी; fut.p1.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलोगी; fut.p2.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगी; fut.p3.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोल; imp.p2.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलो; imp.p2.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलिए; imp.p2.frm.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलकर; gna; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलके; gna; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाला; agnt.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाली; agnt.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाले; agnt.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाली; agnt.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
; Intransitive<br />
<br />
===Verb patterns===<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "be" present<br />
<br />
* pres<br />
<br />
; stem + "raha" impf participle + "be" present<br />
<br />
* "be" present + ger<br />
<br />
; perf participle <br />
<br />
* past<br />
<br />
; perf participle + "be" present <br />
<br />
* "have" present + pp<br />
<br />
; perf participle + "be" past<br />
<br />
* past<br />
* "have" past + pp<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "be" past<br />
<br />
* past<br />
* "used to" + inf<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "raha" present + "be" past<br />
<br />
* "be" past + ger<br />
<br />
; future<br />
<br />
* "will" present + inf<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "raha" future<br />
<br />
* "will be" + ger<br />
<br />
; prs<br />
<br />
* "may" present + inf<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[/Pending tests|Pending tests]]<br />
* [[Hindi and Urdu]]<br />
* [[Hindi]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English&diff=42002Hindi and English2013-06-04T09:50:31Z<p>Nikant: /* Todo list */</p>
<hr />
<div>{{TOCD}}<br />
<br />
==Todo list==<br />
{{main|/Work plan|Work plan}}<br />
<br />
* <s>Check that [https://apertium.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/apertium/branches/xupaixkar/rasskaz/en.txt the story] is correctly translated from English to Hindi and that there are no missing sentences.</s><br />
* <s>Fix spelling errors in the story.</s><br />
* Add other personal pronouns on the model of 'I' -- in both the Hindi dictionary and the bilingual dictionary.<br />
* <s>Come up with short example sentences (they should include a verb) for common postpositions "with the cat" "under the table". etc.</s><br />
* Every word in the bidix should have a POS tag<br />
* Every noun on the Hindi side should have gender.<br />
* Adjectives in English in the bidix should be marked for 'sint'.<br />
* Check if there are any forms missing from [[#Verb_conjugation]]<br />
<br />
==Disambiguation==<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
^बच्चों/बच्चा<n><m><pl><obl>$ <br />
^की/का<post><f><sg><nom>/का<post><f><sg><obl>/का<post><f><pl><nom>/का<post><f><pl><obl>$ <br />
^मॉं/मॉं<n><f><sg><nom>/मॉं<n><f><sg><obl>$ <br />
</pre><br />
<br />
==Grammar stuff==<br />
<br />
===Noun phrase===<br />
<br />
===Postpositional phrase===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
NP-obl post<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
Postposition can be simple or kā + adv/noun.<br />
<br />
===Genitive phrase===<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
<br />
SN-obl kā-$GEN.$NBR.nom SN-$GEN.$NBR.nom<br />
<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
===Verb conjugation===<br />
<div style="float:right"><br />
{|class=wikitable<br />
! Tag !! Description<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|impf}} || Imperfective participle<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|perf}} || Perfective participle<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|inf}} || Infinitive<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|prs}} || Subjunctive<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|fut}} || Future<br />
|-<br />
| {{tag|imp}} || Imperative<br />
|-<br />
| ... || ...<br />
|- <br />
|}<br />
</div><br />
; Transitive<br />
<br />
* Imperfective participle: -taa, -tii, -te, -tii<br />
* Perfective participle: -aa, -ii, -e, -iim<br />
* Infinitive: -naa<br />
* Subjunctive: -uum, -e, -e, -em, -o, -em<br />
* Future: subjunctive + -gaa, -ge, -gii, -gii<br />
* Imperative:<br />
* Verbal adverbs: -kar / -0 kar<br />
<br />
<pre><br />
बोल; बोलना; inf.nom; vblex.tv <br />
बोल; बोलने; inf.obl; vblex.tv <br />
बोल; बोलता; impf.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलती; impf.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलते; impf.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलती; impf.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोला; perf.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोली; perf.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; perf.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोली; perf.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूं; prs.p1.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; prs.p2.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोले; prs.p3.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलें; prs.p1.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलो; prs.p2.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलें; prs.p3.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूंगा; fut.p1.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगा; fut.p2.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगा; fut.p3.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगे; fut.p1.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलोगे; fut.p2.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगे; fut.p3.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलूंगी; fut.p1.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगी; fut.p2.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेगी; fut.p3.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगी; fut.p1.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलोगी; fut.p2.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलेंगी; fut.p3.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोल; imp.p2.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलो; imp.p2.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलिए; imp.p2.frm.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलकर; gna; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलके; gna; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाला; agnt.m.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाली; agnt.f.sg; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाले; agnt.m.pl; vblex.tv<br />
बोल; बोलनेवाली; agnt.f.pl; vblex.tv<br />
</pre><br />
<br />
; Intransitive<br />
<br />
===Verb patterns===<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "be" present<br />
<br />
* pres<br />
<br />
; stem + "raha" impf participle + "be" present<br />
<br />
* "be" present + ger<br />
<br />
; perf participle <br />
<br />
* past<br />
<br />
; perf participle + "be" present <br />
<br />
* "have" present + pp<br />
<br />
; perf participle + "be" past<br />
<br />
* past<br />
* "have" past + pp<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "be" past<br />
<br />
* past<br />
* "used to" + inf<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "raha" present + "be" past<br />
<br />
* "be" past + ger<br />
<br />
; future<br />
<br />
* "will" present + inf<br />
<br />
; impf participle + "raha" future<br />
<br />
* "will be" + ger<br />
<br />
; prs<br />
<br />
* "may" present + inf<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<br />
* [[/Pending tests|Pending tests]]<br />
* [[Hindi and Urdu]]<br />
* [[Hindi]]<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42001Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-06-04T09:30:20Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>==Postpositions==<br />
<br />
* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठा है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=42000Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-06-04T09:29:01Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठा है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मुझको अनानास पसंद है| I like Pineapple.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पानी को पियो|Drink the water}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=41999Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-06-04T09:26:11Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में |in The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|on The Books}}<br />
* {{test|hi|लड़के से |from The Boy}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक कुर्सी पर बैठा है|He is sitting on a chair.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैंने टॉम से कुछ पैसे लिया | I took some money from tom.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं भारत में पढ़ता हूँ | I study in India.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|मैं माँ को कपड़ा देता हूँ |I give the cloth to Mother.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|वह एक गेंद के साथ खेलता है | He plays with a ball}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ घर के पीछे है | The tree is behind the house.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|शब्दकोश के अंदर बहुत सारे शब्द हैं |Inside the Dictionary there are lots of words}}<br />
* {{test|hi|कुत्ता मेज़ के नीचे बैठा है|The dog is sitting under the table.}}<br />
* {{test|hi|पेड़ के ऊपर क्या है?|What is on top of the tree?}}<br />
* {{test|hi|भारत ब्रिटेन के पास नहीं है|India is not near Britain}}<br />
* {{test|hi|नेहा मेरे साथ पढ़ती है |Neha reads with me}}<br />
* {{test|hi|तुम्हारे लिए| for you}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उनके बाद| after them}}<br />
* {{test|hi|हमारे साथ|with us}}<br />
* {{test|hi|उसके पीछे |behind him}}<br />
* {{test|hi|इसके बाद मैं खाऊँगा|After this I will eat}}<br />
* {{test|hi|क्या वह केक हमारे लिए है?|Is that cake for us?}}<br />
<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=Hindi_and_English/Pending_tests&diff=41998Hindi and English/Pending tests2013-06-04T09:11:31Z<p>Nikant: </p>
<hr />
<div>* {{test|hi|आमिल की बेटी|Amil's daughter}}<br />
* {{test|hi|दो हमलों में|in two attacks}}<br />
* {{test|hi|घर में | In The House}}<br />
* {{test|hi|किताबों पर|On The Books}}<br />
<br />
==Verbs==<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता हुं.|I drink water.|mai~ pani pita hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते हो.|You drink water.|tum pani pite ho}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा हुं.|I'm drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha hu~}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीया.|I drank water.|mai~ pani piya}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीये.|You drank water.|tum pani piye}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पीता था.|I used to drink water. |mai~ pani pita tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पानी पीते थे.|You used to drink water.|tum pani pite the}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पानी पी रहा था.|I was drinking water.|mai~ pani pi raha tha}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीउंगा|I will drink.|mai~ piunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीएगा|You will drink.|tu piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीओगे|You will drink.|tum pioge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीएगा|He will drink.|voh piega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीएंगे|We will drink |ham pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीएंगे|You will drink.|aap pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीएंगे|They will drink.|ve pienge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|मैं पीता रहुंगा.|I will be drinking. |mai~ pita rahunga}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तु पीता रहेगा.|You will be drinking. |tu pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|तुम पीते रहोगे.|You will be drinking. |tum pite rahoge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वह पीता रहेगा.|He will be drinking.|voh pita rahega}}<br />
* {{test|hin|हम पीते रहेंगे.|We will be drinking. |hum pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|आप पीते रहेंगे.|You will be drinking. |aap pite rahenge}}<br />
* {{test|hin|वे पीते रहेंगे.|They will be drinking.|ve pite rahenge}}<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Hindi and English]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=User:Nikant/GsocApplication&diff=40913User:Nikant/GsocApplication2013-04-30T06:42:20Z<p>Nikant: /* Contact information */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Name ==<br />
<br />
Nikant Vohra<br />
<br />
== Contact information ==<br />
<br />
E-mail: [mailto:nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in] , [mailto:nikantvohra@gmail.com nikantvohra@gmail.com]<br /><br />
Skype: nikant.vohra<br /><br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in machine translation? ==<br />
<br />
I have been interested in machine translation since I took a course on Natural Language Processing as part of my coursework in the university.I was so much fascinated by this field that I myself started reading about it. I studied the online video Lectures of the course by Stanford university and also took a course on neurolinguistics.I loved the idea of a computer understanding and interpreting the grammar and other aspects of a language just like a human. I then started experimenting with machine learning and completed a project on Optical Character Recognition of Devanagari Script (Hindi). I think in this era of advancement of technology machine translation will play a very important role in bringing this world together.Machine Translation systems will reduce the need of human translators and make communication between the people of different nationalities much easier.Also the existing machine translation systems for less popular languages are not good enough. So there is a lot of scope of improvement and innovation in this field.<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in the Apertium project? ==<br />
<br />
Due to my interest in Machine Translation I started looking for open source projects in the same field.I basically wanted to develop a system for Hindi to English translation as the existing systems for the same do not behave properly. I came to know about this project from a batch mate who had completed a GSOC project with Apertium last year. I started going through the wiki documentation of Apertium and found it out to be very easy to understand and follow.I experimented with the dictionaries and transfer rules and was surprised to see how we can achieve desirable results with only minor additions.I loved the helpful community of Apertium who was willing to answer any of my questions. Apertium is doing a wonderful job by keeping some minor languages alive and I would love to contibute to this project.<br />
<br />
== Why Google and Apertium should sponsor it? ==<br />
<br />
Hindi is one of the largest spoken languages in the world covering 4.46% of the world population (Source: wikipedia). The existing systems available for the machine translation of this pair do not work very well. The Hindi-English language pair still lies in the incubator stage in the Apertium directory. It needs to be improved a lot to be able to make it available for release. If this pair is made available for release it can significantly increase the number of people using Apertium. Also it would be helpful for a large number of people who know one of these languages to communicate and exchange ideas.<br />
<br />
<br />
== How and who it will benefit in society? ==<br />
<br />
English is spoken by quite a lot of people in India.Major educational institutes of India have a medium of teaching in English.A majority of population can only write and read in Hindi.So language acts as a barrier for people here towards the study of technology.Study of technology is very important to solve the ever growing social and economic problems in India.If a robust system for English-Hindi conversion is introduced it can be beneficial for thousands of people in India. It can also be helpful for people of other countries as a number of Hindi texts are very popular all over the world.If an online system to convert these texts to Hindi is introduced it could help a large number of people to understand and make use of these texts.<br />
<br />
== Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? ==<br />
<br />
The project I'd like to work on is '''''Hindi-English language pair machine translation for Apertium'''''. <br />
<br />
Some work has already been done for this language pair.I would like to make this language pair available for release by the end of the coding period. It lies currently in the incubator stage with the Hindi dictionary in the WX format. Some conversion of this dictionary to unicode has already been done but a major part is still left.There is still no support for verbs and pronouns in the dictionary.The bilingual dictionary has a support of about 19000 words but still a lot of words need to be added to make this work.The apertium tagger set needs to be trained for Hindi corpora. The transfer rules also needs to be improved a lot and support for multi words needs to be added.I tested the existing Hindi analyzer on a Hindi corpus obtained from online resources. The coverage for the morphological analyzer came out to be around 71% while for bilingual translator it was around 57%.I also analyzed the corpus to get a list of high frequency unknown Hindi words as a part of the coding challenge.<br />
These are the results I obtained for the top 20 high frequency unknown words in my corpus:<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! Word in Hindi<br />
! Frequency in Corpus<br />
! Part of Speech<br />
! Translation in English<br />
|-<br />
| इस<br />
| 14776<br />
| pronoun <br />
| this<br />
|-<br />
| किया<br />
| 11398<br />
| verb<br />
| did<br />
|-<br />
| गया<br />
| 11174<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| तथा<br />
| 10381<br />
| conjunction<br />
| and<br />
|-<br />
| जो<br />
| 8671<br />
| pronoun<br />
| who<br />
|-<br />
| थी<br />
| 7886<br />
| verb<br />
| was<br />
|-<br />
| थे<br />
| 7882<br />
| verb <br />
| were<br />
|-<br />
| जाता<br />
| 6586<br />
| verb<br />
| goes<br />
|-<br />
| तक<br />
| 6118<br />
| noun<br />
| till<br />
|-<br />
| जा<br />
| 5669<br />
| verb<br />
| go<br />
|-<br />
| मैं<br />
| 5391<br />
| pronoun<br />
| I<br />
|-<br />
| किसी<br />
| 4938<br />
| pronoun<br />
| someone<br />
|-<br />
| कहा<br />
| 4424<br />
| verb<br />
| said<br />
|-<br />
| गई<br />
| 4375<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| उस<br />
| 4188<br />
| pronoun<br />
| his<br />
|-<br />
| एवं<br />
| 3974<br />
| conjunction <br />
| and<br />
|-<br />
| द्वारा<br />
| 3850<br />
| preposition<br />
| by<br />
|-<br />
| जाती<br />
| 3654<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| हम<br />
| 3350<br />
| pronoun<br />
| we<br />
|-<br />
| दी<br />
| 2773<br />
| verb<br />
| give<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Wikipedia gives a huge list of resources available for Hindi Scripts. I intend to use Shabdanjali- an offline Hindi to English conversion dictionary for the bilingual dictionary. This dictionary is available in unicode format appropriate for the project. Various online morphological taggers are available for Hindi which can be used for the creation of monodix.The language pair for Hindi-Urdu which lies in the nursery stage can also be used for development of monodix.There is a online tagged Hindi corpus made available by the LTRC group at IIITH that can be used for training the apertium tagger for Hindi text .<br />
<br />
English and Hindi languages have a lot in common.Most of the building blocks for grammar are the same in both languages.But there are lots of differences as well in terms of inflections of various parts of speech. I intend to make full use of these similarities so as to write appropriate transfer rules for these languages.<br />
<br />
I've already got quite familiar with Apertium framework. I completed the coding challenge of Hindi-English conversion set by Apertium community. I added support for a lot of verbs,pronouns and adjectives to both the mono and bilingual dictionaries.I also went through a lot of documentation of Apertium about morphological disambiguation , writing the transfer rules and testing the dictionaries. I think I will be able to grasp the remaining concepts required for this project before the coding period starts.<br />
<br />
== Work plan ==<br />
<br />
=== Coding challenge ===<br />
<br />
* set up work environment (installation and configuration)<br />
* check what has already been done (study monodices from Hindi-English and Hindi-Urdu language pairs)<br />
* prepare a list of resources that can be used for the project<br />
* calculate the coverage of the Hindi analyser and Hindi--English bilingual dictionary<br />
* generate a frequency list of unknown words<br />
<br />
=== Community Bonding Period ===<br />
<br />
* study Hindi and English language rules thoroughly<br />
* get monolingual and multilingual aligned corpora for further analysis <br />
* prepare a list of words sorted by frequency of occurrence for Hindi dictionary (to acquire at least 90% coverage)<br />
* learn to use dictionaries and tools (dixtools package, apertium-viewer, poliqarp) in practise<br />
<br />
=== Week1 ===<br />
<br />
* write test scripts (make use of the existing language-pair regression and corpus tests)<br />
* add the missing close-class words (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, numbers, modal verbs and the like) to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week2 ===<br />
* work on Hindi monodix; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week3 ===<br />
* work on Hindi-English bilingual dictionary; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week4 ===<br />
* add the rest of the words<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable1: Dictionaries covering most of the words for both languages</u><br />
<br />
=== Week5 ===<br />
* gather translational data with the use of parallel corpora<br />
* add basic transfer rules for the purpose of testing, verify the tag definition files<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Week6 ===<br />
* work further on bilingual dictionary<br />
* work further on the transfer rules and morphological disambiguation<br />
<br />
=== Week7 ===<br />
* prepare a list of word sequences that frequently appear together for Hindi (use Apriori algorithm to find frequent sets)<br />
* add multiwords with translations to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week8 ===<br />
* bring the dictionaries to a consistent state (successful vocabulary tests)<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable2: Bilingual dictionary completed and some Morphological disambiguation done</u><br />
<br />
=== Week9 ===<br />
* obtain hand-tagged training corpora<br />
* study the word order rules for Hindi and English (identify restrictions)<br />
* work on tag definition files<br />
* carry out supervised tagger training for the languages<br />
<br />
=== Week10 ===<br />
* extract segments of the parallel corpora that are translated (more or less) literally<br />
* work on transfer rules<br />
<br />
=== Week11 ===<br />
* carry out thorough regression tests<br />
* check dictionaries manually to spot possible errors<br />
<br />
=== Week12 ===<br />
* clean up, evaluation of results and documetation<br />
<br />
<u>Project completed</u><br />
<br />
During the whole work the quality of translations will be controlled by means of regression and vocabulary tests. The work will be consulted on every stage and the progress will be reported on dedicated Wiki page.<br />
<br />
== List your skills and give evidence of your qualifications ==<br />
<br />
I'm currently a fourth year student of Bachelors in Electrical Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.I have always been interested in the field of Computer Science and learn to code myself by working on different projects.I am quite comfortable with C,java,C++,android programming and python. I also have completed courses in algorithms and data structures, operating systems ,Computer Networks,Natural Language processing and Web development. I have worked on quite a few projects as a part of my coursework.<br />
<br />
I did a research internship last summer at Aston University ,UK as part of an exchange program. I worked on an Open Source project TinyOS there. I basically built a fall detection system for elderly people using wireless sensor networks. I was able to improve the accuracy of previously known algorithms for fall detection by about 7 percent.The coding for sensor networks was mainly done in C and the web interface was built using Java.<br />
<br />
I did a project on machine learning for the Optical Character Recognition of Hindi Text. The project made use of neural networks which were mainly coded using Matlab. I developed an android app for fast file sharing using Wifi Direct as a part of my Computer networks course. As I worked as a part of a team in these projects I became familiar with tools like git and svn.<br />
<br />
I am quite fascinated by the field of Natural Language Processing.I really enjoy learning about new languages. I am quite good at Hindi and English and know a little bit of Punjabi and Haryanavi.I think I have got the required skills that can help me to complete this project successfully.<br />
<br />
== My non-Summer-of-Code plans for the Summer ==<br />
<br />
I have no other plans for the Summer than GSoC program.I will complete my Bachelors degree by the end of May. After that I have no commitments of work right now. I can contribute around 40 hours per week for this program.<br />
<br />
[[Category:GSoC 2013 Student proposals|Nikant]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=User:Nikant/GsocApplication&diff=40875User:Nikant/GsocApplication2013-04-30T03:48:29Z<p>Nikant: /* Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Name ==<br />
<br />
Nikant Vohra<br />
<br />
== Contact information ==<br />
<br />
E-mail: [mailto:nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in]<br /><br />
Skype: nikant.vohra<br /> <br />
<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in machine translation? ==<br />
<br />
I have been interested in machine translation since I took a course on Natural Language Processing as part of my coursework in the university.I was so much fascinated by this field that I myself started reading about it. I studied the online video Lectures of the course by Stanford university and also took a course on neurolinguistics.I loved the idea of a computer understanding and interpreting the grammar and other aspects of a language just like a human. I then started experimenting with machine learning and completed a project on Optical Character Recognition of Devanagari Script (Hindi). I think in this era of advancement of technology machine translation will play a very important role in bringing this world together.Machine Translation systems will reduce the need of human translators and make communication between the people of different nationalities much easier.Also the existing machine translation systems for less popular languages are not good enough. So there is a lot of scope of improvement and innovation in this field.<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in the Apertium project? ==<br />
<br />
Due to my interest in Machine Translation I started looking for open source projects in the same field.I basically wanted to develop a system for Hindi to English translation as the existing systems for the same do not behave properly. I came to know about this project from a batch mate who had completed a GSOC project with Apertium last year. I started going through the wiki documentation of Apertium and found it out to be very easy to understand and follow.I experimented with the dictionaries and transfer rules and was surprised to see how we can achieve desirable results with only minor additions.I loved the helpful community of Apertium who was willing to answer any of my questions. Apertium is doing a wonderful job by keeping some minor languages alive and I would love to contibute to this project.<br />
<br />
== Why Google and Apertium should sponsor it? ==<br />
<br />
Hindi is one of the largest spoken languages in the world covering 4.46% of the world population (Source: wikipedia). The existing systems available for the machine translation of this pair do not work very well. The Hindi-English language pair still lies in the incubator stage in the Apertium directory. It needs to be improved a lot to be able to make it available for release. If this pair is made available for release it can significantly increase the number of people using Apertium. Also it would be helpful for a large number of people who know one of these languages to communicate and exchange ideas.<br />
<br />
<br />
== How and who it will benefit in society? ==<br />
<br />
English is spoken by quite a lot of people in India.Major educational institutes of India have a medium of teaching in English.A majority of population can only write and read in Hindi.So language acts as a barrier for people here towards the study of technology.Study of technology is very important to solve the ever growing social and economic problems in India.If a robust system for English-Hindi conversion is introduced it can be beneficial for thousands of people in India. It can also be helpful for people of other countries as a number of Hindi texts are very popular all over the world.If an online system to convert these texts to Hindi is introduced it could help a large number of people to understand and make use of these texts.<br />
<br />
== Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? ==<br />
<br />
The project I'd like to work on is '''''Hindi-English language pair machine translation for Apertium'''''. <br />
<br />
Some work has already been done for this language pair.I would like to make this language pair available for release by the end of the coding period. It lies currently in the incubator stage with the Hindi dictionary in the WX format. Some conversion of this dictionary to unicode has already been done but a major part is still left.There is still no support for verbs and pronouns in the dictionary.The bilingual dictionary has a support of about 19000 words but still a lot of words need to be added to make this work.The apertium tagger set needs to be trained for Hindi corpora. The transfer rules also needs to be improved a lot and support for multi words needs to be added.I tested the existing Hindi analyzer on a Hindi corpus obtained from online resources. The coverage for the morphological analyzer came out to be around 71% while for bilingual translator it was around 57%.I also analyzed the corpus to get a list of high frequency unknown Hindi words as a part of the coding challenge.<br />
These are the results I obtained for the top 20 high frequency unknown words in my corpus:<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! Word in Hindi<br />
! Frequency in Corpus<br />
! Part of Speech<br />
! Translation in English<br />
|-<br />
| इस<br />
| 14776<br />
| pronoun <br />
| this<br />
|-<br />
| किया<br />
| 11398<br />
| verb<br />
| did<br />
|-<br />
| गया<br />
| 11174<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| तथा<br />
| 10381<br />
| conjunction<br />
| and<br />
|-<br />
| जो<br />
| 8671<br />
| pronoun<br />
| who<br />
|-<br />
| थी<br />
| 7886<br />
| verb<br />
| was<br />
|-<br />
| थे<br />
| 7882<br />
| verb <br />
| were<br />
|-<br />
| जाता<br />
| 6586<br />
| verb<br />
| goes<br />
|-<br />
| तक<br />
| 6118<br />
| noun<br />
| till<br />
|-<br />
| जा<br />
| 5669<br />
| verb<br />
| go<br />
|-<br />
| मैं<br />
| 5391<br />
| pronoun<br />
| I<br />
|-<br />
| किसी<br />
| 4938<br />
| pronoun<br />
| someone<br />
|-<br />
| कहा<br />
| 4424<br />
| verb<br />
| said<br />
|-<br />
| गई<br />
| 4375<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| उस<br />
| 4188<br />
| pronoun<br />
| his<br />
|-<br />
| एवं<br />
| 3974<br />
| conjunction <br />
| and<br />
|-<br />
| द्वारा<br />
| 3850<br />
| preposition<br />
| by<br />
|-<br />
| जाती<br />
| 3654<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| हम<br />
| 3350<br />
| pronoun<br />
| we<br />
|-<br />
| दी<br />
| 2773<br />
| verb<br />
| give<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Wikipedia gives a huge list of resources available for Hindi Scripts. I intend to use Shabdanjali- an offline Hindi to English conversion dictionary for the bilingual dictionary. This dictionary is available in unicode format appropriate for the project. Various online morphological taggers are available for Hindi which can be used for the creation of monodix.The language pair for Hindi-Urdu which lies in the nursery stage can also be used for development of monodix.There is a online tagged Hindi corpus made available by the LTRC group at IIITH that can be used for training the apertium tagger for Hindi text .<br />
<br />
English and Hindi languages have a lot in common.Most of the building blocks for grammar are the same in both languages.But there are lots of differences as well in terms of inflections of various parts of speech. I intend to make full use of these similarities so as to write appropriate transfer rules for these languages.<br />
<br />
I've already got quite familiar with Apertium framework. I completed the coding challenge of Hindi-English conversion set by Apertium community. I added support for a lot of verbs,pronouns and adjectives to both the mono and bilingual dictionaries.I also went through a lot of documentation of Apertium about morphological disambiguation , writing the transfer rules and testing the dictionaries. I think I will be able to grasp the remaining concepts required for this project before the coding period starts.<br />
<br />
== Work plan ==<br />
<br />
=== Coding challenge ===<br />
<br />
* set up work environment (installation and configuration)<br />
* check what has already been done (study monodices from Hindi-English and Hindi-Urdu language pairs)<br />
* prepare a list of resources that can be used for the project<br />
* calculate the coverage of the Hindi analyser and Hindi--English bilingual dictionary<br />
* generate a frequency list of unknown words<br />
<br />
=== Community Bonding Period ===<br />
<br />
* study Hindi and English language rules thoroughly<br />
* get monolingual and multilingual aligned corpora for further analysis <br />
* prepare a list of words sorted by frequency of occurrence for Hindi dictionary (to acquire at least 90% coverage)<br />
* learn to use dictionaries and tools (dixtools package, apertium-viewer, poliqarp) in practise<br />
<br />
=== Week1 ===<br />
<br />
* write test scripts (make use of the existing language-pair regression and corpus tests)<br />
* add the missing close-class words (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, numbers, modal verbs and the like) to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week2 ===<br />
* work on Hindi monodix; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week3 ===<br />
* work on Hindi-English bilingual dictionary; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week4 ===<br />
* add the rest of the words<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable1: Dictionaries covering most of the words for both languages</u><br />
<br />
=== Week5 ===<br />
* gather translational data with the use of parallel corpora<br />
* add basic transfer rules for the purpose of testing, verify the tag definition files<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Week6 ===<br />
* work further on bilingual dictionary<br />
* work further on the transfer rules and morphological disambiguation<br />
<br />
=== Week7 ===<br />
* prepare a list of word sequences that frequently appear together for Hindi (use Apriori algorithm to find frequent sets)<br />
* add multiwords with translations to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week8 ===<br />
* bring the dictionaries to a consistent state (successful vocabulary tests)<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable2: Bilingual dictionary completed and some Morphological disambiguation done</u><br />
<br />
=== Week9 ===<br />
* obtain hand-tagged training corpora<br />
* study the word order rules for Hindi and English (identify restrictions)<br />
* work on tag definition files<br />
* carry out supervised tagger training for the languages<br />
<br />
=== Week10 ===<br />
* extract segments of the parallel corpora that are translated (more or less) literally<br />
* work on transfer rules<br />
<br />
=== Week11 ===<br />
* carry out thorough regression tests<br />
* check dictionaries manually to spot possible errors<br />
<br />
=== Week12 ===<br />
* clean up, evaluation of results and documetation<br />
<br />
<u>Project completed</u><br />
<br />
During the whole work the quality of translations will be controlled by means of regression and vocabulary tests. The work will be consulted on every stage and the progress will be reported on dedicated Wiki page.<br />
<br />
== List your skills and give evidence of your qualifications ==<br />
<br />
I'm currently a fourth year student of Bachelors in Electrical Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.I have always been interested in the field of Computer Science and learn to code myself by working on different projects.I am quite comfortable with C,java,C++,android programming and python. I also have completed courses in algorithms and data structures, operating systems ,Computer Networks,Natural Language processing and Web development. I have worked on quite a few projects as a part of my coursework.<br />
<br />
I did a research internship last summer at Aston University ,UK as part of an exchange program. I worked on an Open Source project TinyOS there. I basically built a fall detection system for elderly people using wireless sensor networks. I was able to improve the accuracy of previously known algorithms for fall detection by about 7 percent.The coding for sensor networks was mainly done in C and the web interface was built using Java.<br />
<br />
I did a project on machine learning for the Optical Character Recognition of Hindi Text. The project made use of neural networks which were mainly coded using Matlab. I developed an android app for fast file sharing using Wifi Direct as a part of my Computer networks course. As I worked as a part of a team in these projects I became familiar with tools like git and svn.<br />
<br />
I am quite fascinated by the field of Natural Language Processing.I really enjoy learning about new languages. I am quite good at Hindi and English and know a little bit of Punjabi and Haryanavi.I think I have got the required skills that can help me to complete this project successfully.<br />
<br />
== My non-Summer-of-Code plans for the Summer ==<br />
<br />
I have no other plans for the Summer than GSoC program.I will complete my Bachelors degree by the end of May. After that I have no commitments of work right now. I can contribute around 40 hours per week for this program.<br />
<br />
[[Category:GSoC 2013 Student proposals|Nikant]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=User:Nikant/GsocApplication&diff=40850User:Nikant/GsocApplication2013-04-29T12:24:16Z<p>Nikant: /* Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Name ==<br />
<br />
Nikant Vohra<br />
<br />
== Contact information ==<br />
<br />
E-mail: [mailto:nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in]<br /><br />
Skype: nikant.vohra<br /> <br />
<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in machine translation? ==<br />
<br />
I have been interested in machine translation since I took a course on Natural Language Processing as part of my coursework in the university.I was so much fascinated by this field that I myself started reading about it. I studied the online video Lectures of the course by Stanford university and also took a course on neurolinguistics.I loved the idea of a computer understanding and interpreting the grammar and other aspects of a language just like a human. I then started experimenting with machine learning and completed a project on Optical Character Recognition of Devanagari Script (Hindi). I think in this era of advancement of technology machine translation will play a very important role in bringing this world together.Machine Translation systems will reduce the need of human translators and make communication between the people of different nationalities much easier.Also the existing machine translation systems for less popular languages are not good enough. So there is a lot of scope of improvement and innovation in this field.<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in the Apertium project? ==<br />
<br />
Due to my interest in Machine Translation I started looking for open source projects in the same field.I basically wanted to develop a system for Hindi to English translation as the existing systems for the same do not behave properly. I came to know about this project from a batch mate who had completed a GSOC project with Apertium last year. I started going through the wiki documentation of Apertium and found it out to be very easy to understand and follow.I experimented with the dictionaries and transfer rules and was surprised to see how we can achieve desirable results with only minor additions.I loved the helpful community of Apertium who was willing to answer any of my questions. Apertium is doing a wonderful job by keeping some minor languages alive and I would love to contibute to this project.<br />
<br />
== Why Google and Apertium should sponsor it? ==<br />
<br />
Hindi is one of the largest spoken languages in the world covering 4.46% of the world population (Source: wikipedia). The existing systems available for the machine translation of this pair do not work very well. The Hindi-English language pair still lies in the incubator stage in the Apertium directory. It needs to be improved a lot to be able to make it available for release. If this pair is made available for release it can significantly increase the number of people using Apertium. Also it would be helpful for a large number of people who know one of these languages to communicate and exchange ideas.<br />
<br />
<br />
== How and who it will benefit in society? ==<br />
<br />
English is spoken by quite a lot of people in India.Major educational institutes of India have a medium of teaching in English.A majority of population can only write and read in Hindi.So language acts as a barrier for people here towards the study of technology.Study of technology is very important to solve the ever growing social and economic problems in India.If a robust system for English-Hindi conversion is introduced it can be beneficial for thousands of people in India. It can also be helpful for people of other countries as a number of Hindi texts are very popular all over the world.If an online system to convert these texts to Hindi is introduced it could help a large number of people to understand and make use of these texts.<br />
<br />
== Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? ==<br />
<br />
The project I'd like to work on is '''''Hindi-English language pair machine translation for Apertium'''''. <br />
<br />
Some work has already been done for this language pair.I would like to make this language pair available for release by the end of the coding period. It lies currently in the incubator stage with the Hindi dictionary in the WX format. Some conversion of this dictionary to unicode has already been done but a major part is still left.There is still no support for verbs and pronouns in the dictionary.The bilingual dictionary has a support of about 19000 words but still a lot of words need to be added to make this work.The apertium tagger set needs to be trained for Hindi corpora. The transfer rules also needs to be improved a lot and support for multi words needs to be added.I tested the existing Hindi analyzer on a Hindi corpus obtained from online resources. The coverage for the morphological analyzer came out to be around 71% while for bilingual translator it was around 57%.I also analyzed the corpus to get a list of high frequency unknown Hindi words as a part of the coding challenge.<br />
These are the results I obtained for the top 20 high frequency unknown words in my corpus:<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! Word in Hindi<br />
! Frequency in Corpus<br />
! Part of Speech<br />
! Translation in English<br />
|-<br />
| इस<br />
| 14776<br />
| pronoun <br />
| this<br />
|-<br />
| किया<br />
| 11398<br />
| verb<br />
| did<br />
|-<br />
| गया<br />
| 11174<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| तथा<br />
| 10381<br />
| conjunction<br />
| and<br />
|-<br />
| जो<br />
| 8671<br />
| pronoun<br />
| who<br />
|-<br />
| थी<br />
| 7886<br />
| verb<br />
| was<br />
|-<br />
| थे<br />
| 7882<br />
| verb <br />
| were<br />
|-<br />
| जाता<br />
| 6586<br />
| verb<br />
| goes<br />
|-<br />
| तक<br />
| 6118<br />
| noun<br />
| till<br />
|-<br />
| जा<br />
| 5669<br />
| verb<br />
| go<br />
|-<br />
| मैं<br />
| 5391<br />
| pronoun<br />
| I<br />
|-<br />
| किसी<br />
| 4938<br />
| pronoun<br />
| someone<br />
|-<br />
| कहा<br />
| 4424<br />
| verb<br />
| said<br />
|-<br />
| गई<br />
| 4375<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| उस<br />
| 4188<br />
| pronoun<br />
| his<br />
|-<br />
| एवं<br />
| 3974<br />
| conjunction <br />
| and<br />
|-<br />
| द्वारा<br />
| 3850<br />
| preposition<br />
| by<br />
|-<br />
| जाती<br />
| 3654<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| हम<br />
| 3350<br />
| pronoun<br />
| we<br />
|-<br />
| दी<br />
| 2773<br />
| verb<br />
| give<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Wikipedia gives a huge list of resources available for Hindi Scripts. I intend to use Shabdanjali-an offline Hindi to English conversion dictionary for the bilingual dictionary. This dictionary is available in unicode format appropriate for the project. Various online morphological taggers are available for Hindi which can be used for the creation of monodix.The language pair for Hindi-Urdu which lies in the nursery stage can also be used for development of monodix.There is a online hindi corpus made available by the LTRC group at IIITH that can be used for training the apertium tagger for Hindi text .<br />
<br />
English and Hindi languages have a lot in common.Most of the building blocks for grammar are the same in both languages.But there are lots of differences as well in terms of inflections of various parts of speech. I intend to make full use of these similarities so as to write appropriate transfer rules for these languages.<br />
<br />
I've already got quite familiar with Apertium framework. I completed the coding challenge of Hindi-English conversion set by Apertium community. I added support for a lot of verbs,pronouns and adjectives to both the mono and bilingual dictionaries.I also went through a lot of documentation of Apertium about morphological disambiguation , writing the transfer rules and testing the dictionaries. I think I will be able to grasp the remaining concepts required for this project before the coding period starts.<br />
<br />
== Work plan ==<br />
<br />
=== Coding challenge ===<br />
<br />
* set up work environment (installation and configuration)<br />
* check what has already been done (study monodices from Hindi-English and Hindi-Urdu language pairs)<br />
* prepare a list of resources that can be used for the project<br />
* calculate the coverage of the Hindi analyser and Hindi--English bilingual dictionary<br />
* generate a frequency list of unknown words<br />
<br />
=== Community Bonding Period ===<br />
<br />
* study Hindi and English language rules thoroughly<br />
* get monolingual and multilingual aligned corpora for further analysis <br />
* prepare a list of words sorted by frequency of occurrence for Hindi dictionary (to acquire at least 90% coverage)<br />
* learn to use dictionaries and tools (dixtools package, apertium-viewer, poliqarp) in practise<br />
<br />
=== Week1 ===<br />
<br />
* write test scripts (make use of the existing language-pair regression and corpus tests)<br />
* add the missing close-class words (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, numbers, modal verbs and the like) to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week2 ===<br />
* work on Hindi monodix; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week3 ===<br />
* work on Hindi-English bilingual dictionary; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week4 ===<br />
* add the rest of the words<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable1: Dictionaries covering most of the words for both languages</u><br />
<br />
=== Week5 ===<br />
* gather translational data with the use of parallel corpora<br />
* add basic transfer rules for the purpose of testing, verify the tag definition files<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Week6 ===<br />
* work further on bilingual dictionary<br />
* work further on the transfer rules and morphological disambiguation<br />
<br />
=== Week7 ===<br />
* prepare a list of word sequences that frequently appear together for Hindi (use Apriori algorithm to find frequent sets)<br />
* add multiwords with translations to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week8 ===<br />
* bring the dictionaries to a consistent state (successful vocabulary tests)<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable2: Bilingual dictionary completed and some Morphological disambiguation done</u><br />
<br />
=== Week9 ===<br />
* obtain hand-tagged training corpora<br />
* study the word order rules for Hindi and English (identify restrictions)<br />
* work on tag definition files<br />
* carry out supervised tagger training for the languages<br />
<br />
=== Week10 ===<br />
* extract segments of the parallel corpora that are translated (more or less) literally<br />
* work on transfer rules<br />
<br />
=== Week11 ===<br />
* carry out thorough regression tests<br />
* check dictionaries manually to spot possible errors<br />
<br />
=== Week12 ===<br />
* clean up, evaluation of results and documetation<br />
<br />
<u>Project completed</u><br />
<br />
During the whole work the quality of translations will be controlled by means of regression and vocabulary tests. The work will be consulted on every stage and the progress will be reported on dedicated Wiki page.<br />
<br />
== List your skills and give evidence of your qualifications ==<br />
<br />
I'm currently a fourth year student of Bachelors in Electrical Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.I have always been interested in the field of Computer Science and learn to code myself by working on different projects.I am quite comfortable with C,java,C++,android programming and python. I also have completed courses in algorithms and data structures, operating systems ,Computer Networks,Natural Language processing and Web development. I have worked on quite a few projects as a part of my coursework.<br />
<br />
I did a research internship last summer at Aston University ,UK as part of an exchange program. I worked on an Open Source project TinyOS there. I basically built a fall detection system for elderly people using wireless sensor networks. I was able to improve the accuracy of previously known algorithms for fall detection by about 7 percent.The coding for sensor networks was mainly done in C and the web interface was built using Java.<br />
<br />
I did a project on machine learning for the Optical Character Recognition of Hindi Text. The project made use of neural networks which were mainly coded using Matlab. I developed an android app for fast file sharing using Wifi Direct as a part of my Computer networks course. As I worked as a part of a team in these projects I became familiar with tools like git and svn.<br />
<br />
I am quite fascinated by the field of Natural Language Processing.I really enjoy learning about new languages. I am quite good at Hindi and English and know a little bit of Punjabi and Haryanavi.I think I have got the required skills that can help me to complete this project successfully.<br />
<br />
== My non-Summer-of-Code plans for the Summer ==<br />
<br />
I have no other plans for the Summer than GSoC program.I will complete my Bachelors degree by the end of May. After that I have no commitments of work right now. I can contribute around 40 hours per week for this program.<br />
<br />
[[Category:GSoC 2013 Student proposals|Nikant]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=User:Nikant/GsocApplication&diff=40849User:Nikant/GsocApplication2013-04-29T12:23:07Z<p>Nikant: /* Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Name ==<br />
<br />
Nikant Vohra<br />
<br />
== Contact information ==<br />
<br />
E-mail: [mailto:nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in]<br /><br />
Skype: nikant.vohra<br /> <br />
<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in machine translation? ==<br />
<br />
I have been interested in machine translation since I took a course on Natural Language Processing as part of my coursework in the university.I was so much fascinated by this field that I myself started reading about it. I studied the online video Lectures of the course by Stanford university and also took a course on neurolinguistics.I loved the idea of a computer understanding and interpreting the grammar and other aspects of a language just like a human. I then started experimenting with machine learning and completed a project on Optical Character Recognition of Devanagari Script (Hindi). I think in this era of advancement of technology machine translation will play a very important role in bringing this world together.Machine Translation systems will reduce the need of human translators and make communication between the people of different nationalities much easier.Also the existing machine translation systems for less popular languages are not good enough. So there is a lot of scope of improvement and innovation in this field.<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in the Apertium project? ==<br />
<br />
Due to my interest in Machine Translation I started looking for open source projects in the same field.I basically wanted to develop a system for Hindi to English translation as the existing systems for the same do not behave properly. I came to know about this project from a batch mate who had completed a GSOC project with Apertium last year. I started going through the wiki documentation of Apertium and found it out to be very easy to understand and follow.I experimented with the dictionaries and transfer rules and was surprised to see how we can achieve desirable results with only minor additions.I loved the helpful community of Apertium who was willing to answer any of my questions. Apertium is doing a wonderful job by keeping some minor languages alive and I would love to contibute to this project.<br />
<br />
== Why Google and Apertium should sponsor it? ==<br />
<br />
Hindi is one of the largest spoken languages in the world covering 4.46% of the world population (Source: wikipedia). The existing systems available for the machine translation of this pair do not work very well. The Hindi-English language pair still lies in the incubator stage in the Apertium directory. It needs to be improved a lot to be able to make it available for release. If this pair is made available for release it can significantly increase the number of people using Apertium. Also it would be helpful for a large number of people who know one of these languages to communicate and exchange ideas.<br />
<br />
<br />
== How and who it will benefit in society? ==<br />
<br />
English is spoken by quite a lot of people in India.Major educational institutes of India have a medium of teaching in English.A majority of population can only write and read in Hindi.So language acts as a barrier for people here towards the study of technology.Study of technology is very important to solve the ever growing social and economic problems in India.If a robust system for English-Hindi conversion is introduced it can be beneficial for thousands of people in India. It can also be helpful for people of other countries as a number of Hindi texts are very popular all over the world.If an online system to convert these texts to Hindi is introduced it could help a large number of people to understand and make use of these texts.<br />
<br />
== Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? ==<br />
<br />
The project I'd like to work on is '''''Hindi-English language pair machine translation for Apertium'''''. <br />
<br />
Some work has already been done for this language pair.I would like to make this language pair available for release by the end of the coding period. It lies currently in the incubator stage with the Hindi dictionary in the WX format. Some conversion of this dictionary to unicode has already been done but a major part is still left.There is still no support for verbs and pronouns in the dictionary.The bilingual dictionary has a support of about 19000 words but still a lot of words need to be added to make this work.The apertium tagger set needs to be trained for Hindi corpora. The transfer rules also needs to be improved a lot and support for multi words needs to be added.I tested the existing Hindi analyzer on a Hindi corpus obtained from online resources. The coverage for the morphological analyzer came out to be around 71% while for bilingual translator it was around 57%.I also analyzed the corpus to get a list of high frequency unknown Hindi words as a part of the coding challenge.<br />
This are the results I obtained for the high frequency unknown words in my corpus:<br />
<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable" border="1"<br />
|-<br />
! Word in Hindi<br />
! Frequency in Corpus<br />
! Part of Speech<br />
! Translation in English<br />
|-<br />
| इस<br />
| 14776<br />
| pronoun <br />
| this<br />
|-<br />
| किया<br />
| 11398<br />
| verb<br />
| did<br />
|-<br />
| गया<br />
| 11174<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| तथा<br />
| 10381<br />
| conjunction<br />
| and<br />
|-<br />
| जो<br />
| 8671<br />
| pronoun<br />
| who<br />
|-<br />
| थी<br />
| 7886<br />
| verb<br />
| was<br />
|-<br />
| थे<br />
| 7882<br />
| verb <br />
| were<br />
|-<br />
| जाता<br />
| 6586<br />
| verb<br />
| goes<br />
|-<br />
| तक<br />
| 6118<br />
| noun<br />
| till<br />
|-<br />
| जा<br />
| 5669<br />
| verb<br />
| go<br />
|-<br />
| मैं<br />
| 5391<br />
| pronoun<br />
| I<br />
|-<br />
| किसी<br />
| 4938<br />
| pronoun<br />
| someone<br />
|-<br />
| कहा<br />
| 4424<br />
| verb<br />
| said<br />
|-<br />
| गई<br />
| 4375<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| उस<br />
| 4188<br />
| pronoun<br />
| his<br />
|-<br />
| एवं<br />
| 3974<br />
| conjunction <br />
| and<br />
|-<br />
| द्वारा<br />
| 3850<br />
| preposition<br />
| by<br />
|-<br />
| जाती<br />
| 3654<br />
| verb<br />
| went<br />
|-<br />
| हम<br />
| 3350<br />
| pronoun<br />
| we<br />
|-<br />
| दी<br />
| 2773<br />
| verb<br />
| give<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Wikipedia gives a huge list of resources available for Hindi Scripts. I intend to use Shabdanjali-an offline Hindi to English conversion dictionary for the bilingual dictionary. This dictionary is available in unicode format appropriate for the project. Various online morphological taggers are available for Hindi which can be used for the creation of monodix.The language pair for Hindi-Urdu which lies in the nursery stage can also be used for development of monodix.There is a online hindi corpus made available by the LTRC group at IIITH that can be used for training the apertium tagger for Hindi text .<br />
<br />
English and Hindi languages have a lot in common.Most of the building blocks for grammar are the same in both languages.But there are lots of differences as well in terms of inflections of various parts of speech. I intend to make full use of these similarities so as to write appropriate transfer rules for these languages.<br />
<br />
I've already got quite familiar with Apertium framework. I completed the coding challenge of Hindi-English conversion set by Apertium community. I added support for a lot of verbs,pronouns and adjectives to both the mono and bilingual dictionaries.I also went through a lot of documentation of Apertium about morphological disambiguation , writing the transfer rules and testing the dictionaries. I think I will be able to grasp the remaining concepts required for this project before the coding period starts.<br />
<br />
== Work plan ==<br />
<br />
=== Coding challenge ===<br />
<br />
* set up work environment (installation and configuration)<br />
* check what has already been done (study monodices from Hindi-English and Hindi-Urdu language pairs)<br />
* prepare a list of resources that can be used for the project<br />
* calculate the coverage of the Hindi analyser and Hindi--English bilingual dictionary<br />
* generate a frequency list of unknown words<br />
<br />
=== Community Bonding Period ===<br />
<br />
* study Hindi and English language rules thoroughly<br />
* get monolingual and multilingual aligned corpora for further analysis <br />
* prepare a list of words sorted by frequency of occurrence for Hindi dictionary (to acquire at least 90% coverage)<br />
* learn to use dictionaries and tools (dixtools package, apertium-viewer, poliqarp) in practise<br />
<br />
=== Week1 ===<br />
<br />
* write test scripts (make use of the existing language-pair regression and corpus tests)<br />
* add the missing close-class words (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, numbers, modal verbs and the like) to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week2 ===<br />
* work on Hindi monodix; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week3 ===<br />
* work on Hindi-English bilingual dictionary; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week4 ===<br />
* add the rest of the words<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable1: Dictionaries covering most of the words for both languages</u><br />
<br />
=== Week5 ===<br />
* gather translational data with the use of parallel corpora<br />
* add basic transfer rules for the purpose of testing, verify the tag definition files<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Week6 ===<br />
* work further on bilingual dictionary<br />
* work further on the transfer rules and morphological disambiguation<br />
<br />
=== Week7 ===<br />
* prepare a list of word sequences that frequently appear together for Hindi (use Apriori algorithm to find frequent sets)<br />
* add multiwords with translations to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week8 ===<br />
* bring the dictionaries to a consistent state (successful vocabulary tests)<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable2: Bilingual dictionary completed and some Morphological disambiguation done</u><br />
<br />
=== Week9 ===<br />
* obtain hand-tagged training corpora<br />
* study the word order rules for Hindi and English (identify restrictions)<br />
* work on tag definition files<br />
* carry out supervised tagger training for the languages<br />
<br />
=== Week10 ===<br />
* extract segments of the parallel corpora that are translated (more or less) literally<br />
* work on transfer rules<br />
<br />
=== Week11 ===<br />
* carry out thorough regression tests<br />
* check dictionaries manually to spot possible errors<br />
<br />
=== Week12 ===<br />
* clean up, evaluation of results and documetation<br />
<br />
<u>Project completed</u><br />
<br />
During the whole work the quality of translations will be controlled by means of regression and vocabulary tests. The work will be consulted on every stage and the progress will be reported on dedicated Wiki page.<br />
<br />
== List your skills and give evidence of your qualifications ==<br />
<br />
I'm currently a fourth year student of Bachelors in Electrical Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.I have always been interested in the field of Computer Science and learn to code myself by working on different projects.I am quite comfortable with C,java,C++,android programming and python. I also have completed courses in algorithms and data structures, operating systems ,Computer Networks,Natural Language processing and Web development. I have worked on quite a few projects as a part of my coursework.<br />
<br />
I did a research internship last summer at Aston University ,UK as part of an exchange program. I worked on an Open Source project TinyOS there. I basically built a fall detection system for elderly people using wireless sensor networks. I was able to improve the accuracy of previously known algorithms for fall detection by about 7 percent.The coding for sensor networks was mainly done in C and the web interface was built using Java.<br />
<br />
I did a project on machine learning for the Optical Character Recognition of Hindi Text. The project made use of neural networks which were mainly coded using Matlab. I developed an android app for fast file sharing using Wifi Direct as a part of my Computer networks course. As I worked as a part of a team in these projects I became familiar with tools like git and svn.<br />
<br />
I am quite fascinated by the field of Natural Language Processing.I really enjoy learning about new languages. I am quite good at Hindi and English and know a little bit of Punjabi and Haryanavi.I think I have got the required skills that can help me to complete this project successfully.<br />
<br />
== My non-Summer-of-Code plans for the Summer ==<br />
<br />
I have no other plans for the Summer than GSoC program.I will complete my Bachelors degree by the end of May. After that I have no commitments of work right now. I can contribute around 40 hours per week for this program.<br />
<br />
[[Category:GSoC 2013 Student proposals|Nikant]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=User:Nikant/GsocApplication&diff=40801User:Nikant/GsocApplication2013-04-28T05:28:14Z<p>Nikant: /* Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Name ==<br />
<br />
Nikant Vohra<br />
<br />
== Contact information ==<br />
<br />
E-mail: [mailto:nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in]<br /><br />
Skype: nikant.vohra<br /> <br />
<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in machine translation? ==<br />
<br />
I have been interested in machine translation since I took a course on Natural Language Processing as part of my coursework in the university.I was so much fascinated by this field that I myself started reading about it. I studied the online video Lectures of the course by Stanford university and also took a course on neurolinguistics.I loved the idea of a computer understanding and interpreting the grammar and other aspects of a language just like a human. I then started experimenting with machine learning and completed a project on Optical Character Recognition of Devanagari Script (Hindi). I think in this era of advancement of technology machine translation will play a very important role in bringing this world together.Machine Translation systems will reduce the need of human translators and make communication between the people of different nationalities much easier.Also the existing machine translation systems for less popular languages are not good enough. So there is a lot of scope of improvement and innovation in this field.<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in the Apertium project? ==<br />
<br />
Due to my interest in Machine Translation I started looking for open source projects in the same field.I basically wanted to develop a system for Hindi to English translation as the existing systems for the same do not behave properly. I came to know about this project from a batch mate who had completed a GSOC project with Apertium last year. I started going through the wiki documentation of Apertium and found it out to be very easy to understand and follow.I experimented with the dictionaries and transfer rules and was surprised to see how we can achieve desirable results with only minor additions.I loved the helpful community of Apertium who was willing to answer any of my questions. Apertium is doing a wonderful job by keeping some minor languages alive and I would love to contibute to this project.<br />
<br />
== Why Google and Apertium should sponsor it? ==<br />
<br />
Hindi is one of the largest spoken languages in the world covering 4.46% of the world population (Source: wikipedia). The existing systems available for the machine translation of this pair do not work very well. The Hindi-English language pair still lies in the incubator stage in the Apertium directory. It needs to be improved a lot to be able to make it available for release. If this pair is made available for release it can significantly increase the number of people using Apertium. Also it would be helpful for a large number of people who know one of these languages to communicate and exchange ideas.<br />
<br />
<br />
== How and who it will benefit in society? ==<br />
<br />
English is spoken by quite a lot of people in India.Major educational institutes of India have a medium of teaching in English.A majority of population can only write and read in Hindi.So language acts as a barrier for people here towards the study of technology.Study of technology is very important to solve the ever growing social and economic problems in India.If a robust system for English-Hindi conversion is introduced it can be beneficial for thousands of people in India. It can also be helpful for people of other countries as a number of Hindi texts are very popular all over the world.If an online system to convert these texts to Hindi is introduced it could help a large number of people to understand and make use of these texts.<br />
<br />
== Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? ==<br />
<br />
The project I'd like to work on is '''''Hindi-English language pair machine translation for Apertium'''''. <br />
<br />
Some work has already been done for this language pair.I would like to make this language pair available for release by the end of the coding period. It lies currently in the incubator stage with the Hindi dictionary in the WX format. Some conversion of this dictionary to unicode has already been done but a major part is still left.There is still no support for verbs and pronouns in the dictionary.The bilingual dictionary has a support of about 19000 words but still a lot of words need to be added to make this work.The apertium tagger set needs to be trained for Hindi corpora. The transfer rules also needs to be improved a lot and support for multi words needs to be added.I tested the existing Hindi analyzer on a Hindi corpus obtained from online resources. The coverage for the morphological analyzer came out to be around 71% while for bilingual translator it was around 57%.I also analyzed the corpus to get a list of high frequency unknown Hindi words as a part of the coding challenge.<br />
<br />
Wikipedia gives a huge list of resources available for Hindi Scripts. I intend to use Shabdanjali-an offline Hindi to English conversion dictionary for the bilingual dictionary. This dictionary is available in unicode format appropriate for the project. Various online morphological taggers are available for Hindi which can be used for the creation of monodix.The language pair for Hindi-Urdu which lies in the nursery stage can also be used for development of monodix.There is a online hindi corpus made available by the LTRC group at IIITH that can be used for training the apertium tagger for Hindi text .<br />
<br />
English and Hindi languages have a lot in common.Most of the building blocks for grammar are the same in both languages.But there are lots of differences as well in terms of inflections of various parts of speech. I intend to make full use of these similarities so as to write appropriate transfer rules for these languages.<br />
<br />
I've already got quite familiar with Apertium framework. I completed the coding challenge of Hindi-English conversion set by Apertium community. I added support for a lot of verbs,pronouns and adjectives to both the mono and bilingual dictionaries.I also went through a lot of documentation of Apertium about morphological disambiguation , writing the transfer rules and testing the dictionaries. I think I will be able to grasp the remaining concepts required for this project before the coding period starts.<br />
<br />
== Work plan ==<br />
<br />
=== Coding challenge ===<br />
<br />
* set up work environment (installation and configuration)<br />
* check what has already been done (study monodices from Hindi-English and Hindi-Urdu language pairs)<br />
* prepare a list of resources that can be used for the project<br />
* calculate the coverage of the Hindi analyser and Hindi--English bilingual dictionary<br />
* generate a frequency list of unknown words<br />
<br />
=== Community Bonding Period ===<br />
<br />
* study Hindi and English language rules thoroughly<br />
* get monolingual and multilingual aligned corpora for further analysis <br />
* prepare a list of words sorted by frequency of occurrence for Hindi dictionary (to acquire at least 90% coverage)<br />
* learn to use dictionaries and tools (dixtools package, apertium-viewer, poliqarp) in practise<br />
<br />
=== Week1 ===<br />
<br />
* write test scripts (make use of the existing language-pair regression and corpus tests)<br />
* add the missing close-class words (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, numbers, modal verbs and the like) to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week2 ===<br />
* work on Hindi monodix; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week3 ===<br />
* work on Hindi-English bilingual dictionary; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week4 ===<br />
* add the rest of the words<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable1: Dictionaries covering most of the words for both languages</u><br />
<br />
=== Week5 ===<br />
* gather translational data with the use of parallel corpora<br />
* add basic transfer rules for the purpose of testing, verify the tag definition files<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Week6 ===<br />
* work further on bilingual dictionary<br />
* work further on the transfer rules and morphological disambiguation<br />
<br />
=== Week7 ===<br />
* prepare a list of word sequences that frequently appear together for Hindi (use Apriori algorithm to find frequent sets)<br />
* add multiwords with translations to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week8 ===<br />
* bring the dictionaries to a consistent state (successful vocabulary tests)<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable2: Bilingual dictionary completed and some Morphological disambiguation done</u><br />
<br />
=== Week9 ===<br />
* obtain hand-tagged training corpora<br />
* study the word order rules for Hindi and English (identify restrictions)<br />
* work on tag definition files<br />
* carry out supervised tagger training for the languages<br />
<br />
=== Week10 ===<br />
* extract segments of the parallel corpora that are translated (more or less) literally<br />
* work on transfer rules<br />
<br />
=== Week11 ===<br />
* carry out thorough regression tests<br />
* check dictionaries manually to spot possible errors<br />
<br />
=== Week12 ===<br />
* clean up, evaluation of results and documetation<br />
<br />
<u>Project completed</u><br />
<br />
During the whole work the quality of translations will be controlled by means of regression and vocabulary tests. The work will be consulted on every stage and the progress will be reported on dedicated Wiki page.<br />
<br />
== List your skills and give evidence of your qualifications ==<br />
<br />
I'm currently a fourth year student of Bachelors in Electrical Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.I have always been interested in the field of Computer Science and learn to code myself by working on different projects.I am quite comfortable with C,java,C++,android programming and python. I also have completed courses in algorithms and data structures, operating systems ,Computer Networks,Natural Language processing and Web development. I have worked on quite a few projects as a part of my coursework.<br />
<br />
I did a research internship last summer at Aston University ,UK as part of an exchange program. I worked on an Open Source project TinyOS there. I basically built a fall detection system for elderly people using wireless sensor networks. I was able to improve the accuracy of previously known algorithms for fall detection by about 7 percent.The coding for sensor networks was mainly done in C and the web interface was built using Java.<br />
<br />
I did a project on machine learning for the Optical Character Recognition of Hindi Text. The project made use of neural networks which were mainly coded using Matlab. I developed an android app for fast file sharing using Wifi Direct as a part of my Computer networks course. As I worked as a part of a team in these projects I became familiar with tools like git and svn.<br />
<br />
I am quite fascinated by the field of Natural Language Processing.I really enjoy learning about new languages. I am quite good at Hindi and English and know a little bit of Punjabi and Haryanavi.I think I have got the required skills that can help me to complete this project successfully.<br />
<br />
== My non-Summer-of-Code plans for the Summer ==<br />
<br />
I have no other plans for the Summer than GSoC program.I will complete my Bachelors degree by the end of May. After that I have no commitments of work right now. I can contribute around 40 hours per week for this program.<br />
<br />
[[Category:GSoC 2013 Student proposals|Nikant]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=User:Nikant/GsocApplication&diff=40779User:Nikant/GsocApplication2013-04-27T16:04:59Z<p>Nikant: /* Week6 */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Name ==<br />
<br />
Nikant Vohra<br />
<br />
== Contact information ==<br />
<br />
E-mail: [mailto:nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in]<br /><br />
Skype: nikant.vohra<br /> <br />
<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in machine translation? ==<br />
<br />
I have been interested in machine translation since I took a course on Natural Language Processing as part of my coursework in the university.I was so much fascinated by this field that I myself started reading about it. I studied the online video Lectures of the course by Stanford university and also took a course on neurolinguistics.I loved the idea of a computer understanding and interpreting the grammar and other aspects of a language just like a human. I then started experimenting with machine learning and completed a project on Optical Character Recognition of Devanagari Script (Hindi). I think in this era of advancement of technology machine translation will play a very important role in bringing this world together.Machine Translation systems will reduce the need of human translators and make communication between the people of different nationalities much easier.Also the existing machine translation systems for less popular languages are not good enough. So there is a lot of scope of improvement and innovation in this field.<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in the Apertium project? ==<br />
<br />
Due to my interest in Machine Translation I started looking for open source projects in the same field.I basically wanted to develop a system for Hindi to English translation as the existing systems for the same do not behave properly. I came to know about this project from a batch mate who had completed a GSOC project with Apertium last year. I started going through the wiki documentation of Apertium and found it out to be very easy to understand and follow.I experimented with the dictionaries and transfer rules and was surprised to see how we can achieve desirable results with only minor additions.I loved the helpful community of Apertium who was willing to answer any of my questions. Apertium is doing a wonderful job by keeping some minor languages alive and I would love to contibute to this project.<br />
<br />
== Why Google and Apertium should sponsor it? ==<br />
<br />
Hindi is one of the largest spoken languages in the world covering 4.46% of the world population (Source: wikipedia). The existing systems available for the machine translation of this pair do not work very well. The Hindi-English language pair still lies in the incubator stage in the Apertium directory. It needs to be improved a lot to be able to make it available for release. If this pair is made available for release it can significantly increase the number of people using Apertium. Also it would be helpful for a large number of people who know one of these languages to communicate and exchange ideas.<br />
<br />
<br />
== How and who it will benefit in society? ==<br />
<br />
English is spoken by quite a lot of people in India.Major educational institutes of India have a medium of teaching in English.A majority of population can only write and read in Hindi.So language acts as a barrier for people here towards the study of technology.Study of technology is very important to solve the ever growing social and economic problems in India.If a robust system for English-Hindi conversion is introduced it can be beneficial for thousands of people in India. It can also be helpful for people of other countries as a number of Hindi texts are very popular all over the world.If an online system to convert these texts to Hindi is introduced it could help a large number of people to understand and make use of these texts.<br />
<br />
== Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? ==<br />
<br />
The project I'd like to work on is '''''Hindi-English language pair machine translation for Apertium'''''. <br />
<br />
Some work has already been done for this language pair.I would like to make this language pair available for release by the end of the coding period. It lies currently in the incubator stage with the Hindi dictionary in the WX format. Some conversion of this dictionary to unicode has already been done but a major part is still left.There is still no support for verbs and pronouns in the dictionary.The bilingual dictionary has a support of about 19000 words but still a lot of words need to be added to make this work.The apertium tagger set needs to be trained for Hindi corpora. The transfer rules also needs to be improved a lot and support for multi words needs to be added.I tested the existing Hindi analyzer on a Hindi corpus obtained from online resources. The coverage for the morphological analyzer came out to be around 71% while for bilingual translator it was around 57%.<br />
<br />
Wikipedia gives a huge list of resources available for Hindi Scripts. I intend to use Shabdanjali-an offline Hindi to English conversion dictionary for the bilingual dictionary. This dictionary is available in unicode format appropriate for the project. Various online morphological taggers are available for Hindi which can be used for the creation of monodix.The language pair for Hindi-Urdu which lies in the nursery stage can also be used for development of monodix.There is a online hindi corpus made available by the LTRC group at IIITH that can be used for training the apertium tagger for Hindi text .<br />
<br />
English and Hindi languages have a lot in common.Most of the building blocks for grammar are the same in both languages.But there are lots of differences as well in terms of inflections of various parts of speech. I intend to make full use of these similarities so as to write appropriate transfer rules for these languages.<br />
<br />
I've already got quite familiar with Apertium framework. I completed the coding challenge of Hindi-English conversion set by Apertium community. I added support for a lot of verbs,pronouns and adjectives to both the mono and bilingual dictionaries.I also went through a lot of documentation of Apertium about morphological disambiguation , writing the transfer rules and testing the dictionaries. I think I will be able to grasp the remaining concepts required for this project before the coding period starts.<br />
<br />
== Work plan ==<br />
<br />
=== Coding challenge ===<br />
<br />
* set up work environment (installation and configuration)<br />
* check what has already been done (study monodices from Hindi-English and Hindi-Urdu language pairs)<br />
* prepare a list of resources that can be used for the project<br />
* calculate the coverage of the Hindi analyser and Hindi--English bilingual dictionary<br />
* generate a frequency list of unknown words<br />
<br />
=== Community Bonding Period ===<br />
<br />
* study Hindi and English language rules thoroughly<br />
* get monolingual and multilingual aligned corpora for further analysis <br />
* prepare a list of words sorted by frequency of occurrence for Hindi dictionary (to acquire at least 90% coverage)<br />
* learn to use dictionaries and tools (dixtools package, apertium-viewer, poliqarp) in practise<br />
<br />
=== Week1 ===<br />
<br />
* write test scripts (make use of the existing language-pair regression and corpus tests)<br />
* add the missing close-class words (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, numbers, modal verbs and the like) to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week2 ===<br />
* work on Hindi monodix; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week3 ===<br />
* work on Hindi-English bilingual dictionary; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week4 ===<br />
* add the rest of the words<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable1: Dictionaries covering most of the words for both languages</u><br />
<br />
=== Week5 ===<br />
* gather translational data with the use of parallel corpora<br />
* add basic transfer rules for the purpose of testing, verify the tag definition files<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Week6 ===<br />
* work further on bilingual dictionary<br />
* work further on the transfer rules and morphological disambiguation<br />
<br />
=== Week7 ===<br />
* prepare a list of word sequences that frequently appear together for Hindi (use Apriori algorithm to find frequent sets)<br />
* add multiwords with translations to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week8 ===<br />
* bring the dictionaries to a consistent state (successful vocabulary tests)<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable2: Bilingual dictionary completed and some Morphological disambiguation done</u><br />
<br />
=== Week9 ===<br />
* obtain hand-tagged training corpora<br />
* study the word order rules for Hindi and English (identify restrictions)<br />
* work on tag definition files<br />
* carry out supervised tagger training for the languages<br />
<br />
=== Week10 ===<br />
* extract segments of the parallel corpora that are translated (more or less) literally<br />
* work on transfer rules<br />
<br />
=== Week11 ===<br />
* carry out thorough regression tests<br />
* check dictionaries manually to spot possible errors<br />
<br />
=== Week12 ===<br />
* clean up, evaluation of results and documetation<br />
<br />
<u>Project completed</u><br />
<br />
During the whole work the quality of translations will be controlled by means of regression and vocabulary tests. The work will be consulted on every stage and the progress will be reported on dedicated Wiki page.<br />
<br />
== List your skills and give evidence of your qualifications ==<br />
<br />
I'm currently a fourth year student of Bachelors in Electrical Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.I have always been interested in the field of Computer Science and learn to code myself by working on different projects.I am quite comfortable with C,java,C++,android programming and python. I also have completed courses in algorithms and data structures, operating systems ,Computer Networks,Natural Language processing and Web development. I have worked on quite a few projects as a part of my coursework.<br />
<br />
I did a research internship last summer at Aston University ,UK as part of an exchange program. I worked on an Open Source project TinyOS there. I basically built a fall detection system for elderly people using wireless sensor networks. I was able to improve the accuracy of previously known algorithms for fall detection by about 7 percent.The coding for sensor networks was mainly done in C and the web interface was built using Java.<br />
<br />
I did a project on machine learning for the Optical Character Recognition of Hindi Text. The project made use of neural networks which were mainly coded using Matlab. I developed an android app for fast file sharing using Wifi Direct as a part of my Computer networks course. As I worked as a part of a team in these projects I became familiar with tools like git and svn.<br />
<br />
I am quite fascinated by the field of Natural Language Processing.I really enjoy learning about new languages. I am quite good at Hindi and English and know a little bit of Punjabi and Haryanavi.I think I have got the required skills that can help me to complete this project successfully.<br />
<br />
== My non-Summer-of-Code plans for the Summer ==<br />
<br />
I have no other plans for the Summer than GSoC program.I will complete my Bachelors degree by the end of May. After that I have no commitments of work right now. I can contribute around 40 hours per week for this program.<br />
<br />
[[Category:GSoC 2013 Student proposals|Nikant]]</div>Nikanthttps://wiki.apertium.org/w/index.php?title=User:Nikant/GsocApplication&diff=40568User:Nikant/GsocApplication2013-04-25T13:25:20Z<p>Nikant: /* Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? */</p>
<hr />
<div>== Name ==<br />
<br />
Nikant Vohra<br />
<br />
== Contact information ==<br />
<br />
E-mail: [mailto:nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in nikantv@iitrpr.ac.in]<br /><br />
Skype: nikant.vohra<br /> <br />
<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in machine translation? ==<br />
<br />
I have been interested in machine translation since I took a course on Natural Language Processing as part of my coursework in the university.I was so much fascinated by this field that I myself started reading about it. I studied the online video Lectures of the course by Stanford university and also took a course on neurolinguistics.I loved the idea of a computer understanding and interpreting the grammar and other aspects of a language just like a human. I then started experimenting with machine learning and completed a project on Optical Character Recognition of Devanagari Script (Hindi). I think in this era of advancement of technology machine translation will play a very important role in bringing this world together.Machine Translation systems will reduce the need of human translators and make communication between the people of different nationalities much easier.Also the existing machine translation systems for less popular languages are not good enough. So there is a lot of scope of improvement and innovation in this field.<br />
<br />
== Why are you interested in the Apertium project? ==<br />
<br />
Due to my interest in Machine Translation I started looking for open source projects in the same field.I basically wanted to develop a system for Hindi to English translation as the existing systems for the same do not behave properly. I came to know about this project from a batch mate who had completed a GSOC project with Apertium last year. I started going through the wiki documentation of Apertium and found it out to be very easy to understand and follow.I experimented with the dictionaries and transfer rules and was surprised to see how we can achieve desirable results with only minor additions.I loved the helpful community of Apertium who was willing to answer any of my questions. Apertium is doing a wonderful job by keeping some minor languages alive and I would love to contibute to this project.<br />
<br />
== Why Google and Apertium should sponsor it? ==<br />
<br />
Hindi is one of the largest spoken languages in the world covering 4.46% of the world population (Source: wikipedia). The existing systems available for the machine translation of this pair do not work very well. The Hindi-English language pair still lies in the incubator stage in the Apertium directory. It needs to be improved a lot to be able to make it available for release. If this pair is made available for release it can significantly increase the number of people using Apertium. Also it would be helpful for a large number of people who know one of these languages to communicate and exchange ideas.<br />
<br />
<br />
== How and who it will benefit in society? ==<br />
<br />
English is spoken by quite a lot of people in India.Major educational institutes of India have a medium of teaching in English.A majority of population can only write and read in Hindi.So language acts as a barrier for people here towards the study of technology.Study of technology is very important to solve the ever growing social and economic problems in India.If a robust system for English-Hindi conversion is introduced it can be beneficial for thousands of people in India. It can also be helpful for people of other countries as a number of Hindi texts are very popular all over the world.If an online system to convert these texts to Hindi is introduced it could help a large number of people to understand and make use of these texts.<br />
<br />
== Which of the published tasks are you interested in? What do you plan to do? ==<br />
<br />
The project I'd like to work on is '''''Hindi-English language pair machine translation for Apertium'''''. <br />
<br />
Some work has already been done for this language pair.I would like to make this language pair available for release by the end of the coding period. It lies currently in the incubator stage with the Hindi dictionary in the WX format. Some conversion of this dictionary to unicode has already been done but a major part is still left.There is still no support for verbs and pronouns in the dictionary.The bilingual dictionary has a support of about 19000 words but still a lot of words need to be added to make this work.The apertium tagger set needs to be trained for Hindi corpora. The transfer rules also needs to be improved a lot and support for multi words needs to be added.I tested the existing Hindi analyzer on a Hindi corpus obtained from online resources. The coverage for the morphological analyzer came out to be around 71% while for bilingual translator it was around 57%.<br />
<br />
Wikipedia gives a huge list of resources available for Hindi Scripts. I intend to use Shabdanjali-an offline Hindi to English conversion dictionary for the bilingual dictionary. This dictionary is available in unicode format appropriate for the project. Various online morphological taggers are available for Hindi which can be used for the creation of monodix.The language pair for Hindi-Urdu which lies in the nursery stage can also be used for development of monodix.There is a online hindi corpus made available by the LTRC group at IIITH that can be used for training the apertium tagger for Hindi text .<br />
<br />
English and Hindi languages have a lot in common.Most of the building blocks for grammar are the same in both languages.But there are lots of differences as well in terms of inflections of various parts of speech. I intend to make full use of these similarities so as to write appropriate transfer rules for these languages.<br />
<br />
I've already got quite familiar with Apertium framework. I completed the coding challenge of Hindi-English conversion set by Apertium community. I added support for a lot of verbs,pronouns and adjectives to both the mono and bilingual dictionaries.I also went through a lot of documentation of Apertium about morphological disambiguation , writing the transfer rules and testing the dictionaries. I think I will be able to grasp the remaining concepts required for this project before the coding period starts.<br />
<br />
== Work plan ==<br />
<br />
=== Coding challenge ===<br />
<br />
* set up work environment (installation and configuration)<br />
* check what has already been done (study monodices from Hindi-English and Hindi-Urdu language pairs)<br />
* prepare a list of resources that can be used for the project<br />
* calculate the coverage of the Hindi analyser and Hindi--English bilingual dictionary<br />
* generate a frequency list of unknown words<br />
<br />
=== Community Bonding Period ===<br />
<br />
* study Hindi and English language rules thoroughly<br />
* get monolingual and multilingual aligned corpora for further analysis <br />
* prepare a list of words sorted by frequency of occurrence for Hindi dictionary (to acquire at least 90% coverage)<br />
* learn to use dictionaries and tools (dixtools package, apertium-viewer, poliqarp) in practise<br />
<br />
=== Week1 ===<br />
<br />
* write test scripts (make use of the existing language-pair regression and corpus tests)<br />
* add the missing close-class words (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions, determiners, numbers, modal verbs and the like) to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week2 ===<br />
* work on Hindi monodix; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week3 ===<br />
* work on Hindi-English bilingual dictionary; add open-class words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs) according to the frequency list<br />
<br />
=== Week4 ===<br />
* add the rest of the words<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable1: Dictionaries covering most of the words for both languages</u><br />
<br />
=== Week5 ===<br />
* gather translational data with the use of parallel corpora<br />
* add basic transfer rules for the purpose of testing, verify the tag definition files<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Week6 ===<br />
* work further on bilingual dictionary<br />
<br />
<br />
=== Week7 ===<br />
* prepare a list of word sequences that frequently appear together for Hindi (use Apriori algorithm to find frequent sets)<br />
* add multiwords with translations to the dictionaries<br />
<br />
=== Week8 ===<br />
* bring the dictionaries to a consistent state (successful vocabulary tests)<br />
<br />
<u>Deliverable2: Bilingual dictionary completed and some Morphological disambiguation done</u><br />
<br />
=== Week9 ===<br />
* obtain hand-tagged training corpora<br />
* study the word order rules for Hindi and English (identify restrictions)<br />
* work on tag definition files<br />
* carry out supervised tagger training for the languages<br />
<br />
=== Week10 ===<br />
* extract segments of the parallel corpora that are translated (more or less) literally<br />
* work on transfer rules<br />
<br />
=== Week11 ===<br />
* carry out thorough regression tests<br />
* check dictionaries manually to spot possible errors<br />
<br />
=== Week12 ===<br />
* clean up, evaluation of results and documetation<br />
<br />
<u>Project completed</u><br />
<br />
During the whole work the quality of translations will be controlled by means of regression and vocabulary tests. The work will be consulted on every stage and the progress will be reported on dedicated Wiki page.<br />
<br />
== List your skills and give evidence of your qualifications ==<br />
<br />
I'm currently a fourth year student of Bachelors in Electrical Engineering at Indian Institute of Technology Ropar.I have always been interested in the field of Computer Science and learn to code myself by working on different projects.I am quite comfortable with C,java,C++,android programming and python. I also have completed courses in algorithms and data structures, operating systems ,Computer Networks,Natural Language processing and Web development. I have worked on quite a few projects as a part of my coursework.<br />
<br />
I did a research internship last summer at Aston University ,UK as part of an exchange program. I worked on an Open Source project TinyOS there. I basically built a fall detection system for elderly people using wireless sensor networks. I was able to improve the accuracy of previously known algorithms for fall detection by about 7 percent.The coding for sensor networks was mainly done in C and the web interface was built using Java.<br />
<br />
I did a project on machine learning for the Optical Character Recognition of Hindi Text. The project made use of neural networks which were mainly coded using Matlab. I developed an android app for fast file sharing using Wifi Direct as a part of my Computer networks course. As I worked as a part of a team in these projects I became familiar with tools like git and svn.<br />
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I am quite fascinated by the field of Natural Language Processing.I really enjoy learning about new languages. I am quite good at Hindi and English and know a little bit of Punjabi and Haryanavi.I think I have got the required skills that can help me to complete this project successfully.<br />
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== My non-Summer-of-Code plans for the Summer ==<br />
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I have no other plans for the Summer than GSoC program.I will complete my Bachelors degree by the end of May. After that I have no commitments of work right now. I can contribute around 40 hours per week for this program.<br />
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[[Category:GSoC 2013 Student proposals|Nikant]]</div>Nikant